scholarly journals The Effect of Music on aEEG Cyclicity in Preterm Neonates

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Vito Giordano ◽  
Katharina Goeral ◽  
Leslie Schrage-Leitner ◽  
Angelika Berger ◽  
Monika Olischar
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Recorded Music ◽  
Live Music

Several methods can be used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to reduce stress and optimize the quality of life during this period of hospitalization. Among these, music could play an important role. We investigated the effect of different kinds of music therapies on the brain activity of very preterm infants using amplitude-integrated EEG. Sixty-four patients were included and randomly assigned to three different groups: live music group, recorded music group, and control group. In both intervention groups, music was started after the appearance of the first quiet-sleep phase, with a subsequent duration of 20 min. Changes between the first and second quiet-sleep epochs were analyzed using the amplitude-integrated EEG. When looking at single parameters of the amplitude-integrated EEG trace, no differences could be found between the groups when comparing their first and second quiet-sleep phase regarding the parameters of change from baseline, quality of the quiet-sleep epoch, and duration. However, when looking at the total cyclicity score of the second quiet-sleep phase, a difference between both intervention groups and the control group could be found (live music therapy vs. control, p = 0.003; recorded music therapy vs. control, p = 0.006). Improvement within the first and second quiet-sleep epochs were detected in both music groups, but not in the control group. We concluded that our study added evidence of the beneficial effect of music on the amplitude-integrated EEG activity in preterm infants.

scholarly journals Customized Human Milk Fortification Based on Measured Human Milk Composition to Improve the Quality of Growth in Very Preterm Infants: A Mixed-Cohort Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Manuela Cardoso ◽  
Daniel Virella ◽  
Israel Macedo ◽  
Diana Silva ◽  
Luís Pereira-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Pea Pod

Adequate nutrition of very preterm infants comprises fortification of human milk (HM), which helps to improve their nutrition and health. Standard HM fortification involves a fixed dose of a multi-nutrient HM fortifier, regardless of the composition of HM. This fortification method requires regular measurements of HM composition and has been suggested to be a more accurate fortification method. This observational study protocol is designed to assess whether the target HM fortification method (contemporary cohort) improves the energy and macronutrient intakes and the quality of growth of very preterm infants, compared with the previously used standard HM fortification (historical cohorts). In the contemporary cohort, a HM multi-nutrient fortifier and modular supplements of protein and fat are used for HM fortification, and the enteral nutrition recommendations of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition for preterm infants will be considered. For both cohorts, the composition of HM is assessed using the Miris Human Milk analyzer (Uppsala, Sweden). The quality of growth will be assessed by in-hospital weight, length, and head circumference growth velocities and a single measurement of adiposity (fat mass percentage and fat mass index) performed just after discharge, using the air displacement plethysmography method (Pea Pod, Cosmed, Italy). ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT04400396.

scholarly journals cfDNA and DNases: New Biomarkers of Sepsis in Preterm Neonates—A Pilot Study

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Moritz Lenz ◽  
Thomas Maiberger ◽  
Lina Armbrust ◽  
Antonia Kiwit ◽  
Axel Von der Wense ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: An early and accurate diagnosis of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is essential to improve the outcome of this devastating conditions. Especially, preterm infants are at risk. Reliable biomarkers are rare, clinical decision-making depends on clinical appearance and multiple laboratory findings. Markers of NET formation and NET turnover might improve diagnostic precision. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of NETs in sepsis diagnosis in neonatal preterm infants. Methods: Plasma samples of neonatal preterm infants with suspected sepsis were collected. Blood samples were assayed for markers of NET formation and NET turnover: cfDNA, DNase1, nucleosome, NE, and H3Cit. All clinical findings, values of laboratory markers, and epidemiological characteristics were collected retrospectively. Two subpopulations were created to divide EONS from LONS. EMA sepsis criteria for neonatal sepsis were used to generate a sepsis group (EMA positive) and a control group (EMA negative). Results: A total of 31 preterm neonates with suspected sepsis were included. Out of these, nine patients met the criteria for sepsis according to EMA. Regarding early onset neonatal sepsis (3 EONS vs. 10 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, nucleosome, and CRP were elevated significantly. H3Cit and NE did not show any significant elevations. In the late onset sepsis collective (6 LONS vs. 12 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, and CRP differed significantly compared to control group.

QUALITY OF LIFE AND DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF PRETERM INFANTS AT EARLY CHILDHOOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1 (254)) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Siranush А. Mkrtchyan ◽  
Razmik А. Dunamalyan ◽  
Lilit E. Gukasyan ◽  
Marine A. Mardiyan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Case Assessment ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The developmental and behavioral disabilities remain high in children and in adults who were born preterm. In this case assessment of quality of life and development of preterm infants can be very informative and interesting. This is a prospective longitudinal (at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) study of preterm birth and term control infants selected from pediatric polyclinics of Yerevan. The quality of life (QL) measures were done with QUALIN questionnaire and the developmental measures with Battelle Developmental Inventory. A total of 71 preterm and 105 term control infants underwent study. Among 71 preterm birth infants, who selected on the study at 3 months, 40 infant's score on the BDI was <–1 SD and 1 infants' score on the BDI was <–2 SD. However, at the age of 12 months 32 of these same children showed a BDI score >85. Parents and pediatricians reported worse QL for of preterm infants compared with control group. At same time parents of preterm infants reported better QL for their children compared with pediatricians. The lowest QL and developmental scores among preterm children were detected at 3 months. Improvement of QL and developmental score was observed in the next age groups.

Long-term effects of pain in infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Ruth E. Grunau ◽  
Jillian Vinall Miller ◽  
Cecil M. Y. Chau
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm

The long-term effects of infant pain are complex, and vary depending on how early in life the exposure occurs, due to differences in developmental maturity of specific systems underway. Changes to later pain sensitivity reflect multiple factors such as age at pain stimulation, extent of tissue damage, type of noxious insult, intensity, and duration. In both full-term and preterm infants exposed to hospitalization, sequelae of early pain are confounded by parental separation and quality of pain treatment. Neonates born very preterm are outside the protective uterine environment, with repeated exposure to pain occurring during fetal life. Especially for infants born in the late second trimester, the cascade of autonomic, hormonal, and inflammatory responses to procedures may induce excitotoxicity with widespread effects on the brain. Quantitative advanced imaging techniques have revealed that neonatal pain in very preterm infants is associated with altered brain development during the neonatal period and beyond. Recent studies now provide evidence of pathways reflecting mechanisms that may underlie the emerging association between cumulative procedural pain exposure and neurodevelopment and behavior in children born very preterm. Owing to immaturity of the central nervous system, repetitive pain in very preterm neonates contributes to alterations in multiple aspects of development. Importantly, there is strong evidence that parental caregiving to reduce pain and stress in preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) may prevent adverse effects, and sensitive parenting after NICU discharge may help ameliorate potential long-term effects.

scholarly journals Serial Assessment of Body Fat and Fat-Free Mass Accretion in Very Preterm Infants: A Randomized Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1067-1067
Author(s):  
Ariel Salas ◽  
Maggie Jerome ◽  
Paula Chandler-Laney ◽  
Namasivayam Ambalavanan
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Serial Assessments

Abstract Objectives To incorporate assessment of body composition in the routine care of preterm infants to guide feeding practices before and after hospital discharge. Methods Very preterm infants with gestational ages between 29 and 32 weeks of gestation were included. Infants with gastrointestinal or neurologic malformations and terminal illness needing to limit or withhold support were excluded. All study participants were eligible for serial assessments of body composition between birth and 32 weeks PMA, at 36 weeks PMA or hospital discharge, and at 3 months of corrected age. Infants randomly assigned to the intervention group had the information about infant body composition available to the clinicians caring for them (including reference data). Infants randomly assigned to the control group also underwent serial assessments, but this information on infant body composition was not shown to the clinicians caring for them. The primary outcome was % body fat (%BF) estimated by air displacement plethysmography. Results Fifty very preterm infants were randomized. Mean birthweight of study participants was 1387 g +/– SD 283 and median gestational age at birth was 30 weeks (IQR: 30 – 31). Sociodemographic characteristics did not differ between groups. Mean %BF between birth and 32 weeks PMA (n = 45) was 6 +/– 4, mean %BF at 36 weeks PMA (n = 35) was 14 +/– 4, and mean %BF at 3 months of corrected age (n = 25) was 20 +/– 4. Mean differences in %BF between the intervention group and the control group were not statistically significant at 36 weeks PMA (−0.8) or 3 months corrected age (−1.2). Similarly, feeding practices during hospitalization did not differ between groups. Growth outcomes did not differ between groups. Conclusions Serial assessments of body composition at birth, 36 weeks PMA, and 3 months corrected age in very preterm infants show increased %BF in both intervention and control groups without an apparent influence of the intervention on feeding practices. While 36 weeks PMA has been a common assessment point for research purposes, body composition assessments may need to be done at earlier intervals in order to make meaningful clinical changes to the infant diet in order to affect body composition later in infancy. Funding Sources UAB OHDRC.

scholarly journals Quiet Sleep Organization of Very Preterm Infants Is Correlated With Postnatal Maturation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Cailleau ◽  
Raphaël Weber ◽  
Sandie Cabon ◽  
Cyril Flamant ◽  
Jean-Michel Roué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Postnatal Maturation ◽  
Very Preterm

CLO19-058: Live Music to Decrease Patient Anxiety During Chemotherapy Treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3.5) ◽  
pp. CLO19-058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Weaver ◽  
Mark Varvares ◽  
Elaine Ottenlips ◽  
Kara Christopher ◽  
Andrew Dwiggins
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Oncology Patient ◽  
Live Music ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Therapy Sessions ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Music therapy began in the United States after World War II when community musicians went to veterans’ hospitals to provide live music to those experiencing post-war trauma. Music therapy programs continue to utilize community musicians who provide live music to patients in treatment centers to supplement formal music therapy sessions by credentialed professionals. Little evidence has been gathered regarding the potential ability of these live music performances to decrease the anxiety levels of oncology patients during chemotherapy treatments. Purpose: To determine if listening to live music performed by community musicians decreases oncology patient anxiety levels during chemotherapy treatments in an outpatient infusion center. Method: This quasi-experimental study involved an experimental group who listened to live music by community musicians and a control group who did not listen to live music during a single chemotherapy treatment for 30 minutes. Pre- and post-test measures of blood pressure, pulse, respiration per minute, and responses to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (ie, common measures of anxiety) were collected by a registered nurse on all participants. The sample included 60 participants (30 control and 30 experimental). Demographic information for the participants was: (1) 60% were male and 40% were female; (2) 73% were Caucasian and 27% were African American; (3) the mean age was 62 years; and (4) 100% had a cancer diagnosis. Results: Independent sample t-test was conducted to determine if there were differences in the amount of change for dependent variables. Significance was set at P<.05. Results revealed a significantly higher score difference in the experimental group when compared to the control group for pulse, respiration per minute, and systolic blood pressure (Table 1). Conclusion: Listening to live music by community musicians can decrease oncology patient anxiety levels during chemotherapy treatments as evidenced by significant decreases in pulse, respiration per minute, and systolic blood pressure. Additional studies may examine if greater decreases in anxiety levels are achieved by the implementation of formal music therapy sessions by credentialed professionals.

scholarly journals Parents’ Perception of Family-Centered Music Therapy with Stable Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12813
Author(s):  
Susann Kobus ◽  
Marlis Diezel ◽  
Britta Huening ◽  
Monia Vanessa Dewan ◽  
Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Live Music ◽  
Creative Music ◽  
First Time ◽  
Family Centered

Premature birth places considerable demands on preterm infants and their families. Most of these infants are treated on a neonatal intensive care unit immediately after birth, leading to psychosocial stress for parents and making it more difficult to build a stable parent-child bond. We hypothesized that accompaniment with live music therapy by a music therapist supports the parents to get in contact with their child and to promote the parents’ wellbeing. Preterm infants born at less than 32 gestational weeks received creative music therapy twice a week until discharge. At the time of discharge, the parents were asked to complete a Likert-style questionnaire to evaluate the music therapy. Six items related to socio-demographic characteristics, 4 items to observations on the infant and 10 items to personal perception. Of 40 preterm infants receiving music therapy, 32 (80%) parents completed the questionnaires. Thirty (94%) of these parents were able to relax during the music therapy session. Relaxation in their infants was observed by 29 (91%) during and by 28 (88%) after music therapy. Parents perceived music therapy as a positive change and enrichment during their infant’s hospital stay. All parents were thankful for the music therapy they received. Music therapy supports the parents of preterm infants in the first time after birth until discharge from the hospital.

scholarly journals The Effect of Art Therapy and Music Therapy on Breast Cancer Patients: What We Know and What We Need to Find Out—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Justina Kievisiene ◽  
Rasa Jautakyte ◽  
Alona Rauckiene-Michaelsson ◽  
Natalja Fatkulina ◽  
Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Objective. To systematically review the evidence available on the effects of art therapy and music therapy interventions in patients with breast cancer. Design. Systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, and Cochrane Central databases. Articles were scanned using the following keywords: “art therapy” or “music therapy” and “breast cancer” or “breast neoplasms,” “breast carcinoma,” “breast tumor,” and “mammary cancer.” Only RCTs published in English, with a control group and experimental group, and presenting pre-/post-therapy results were included. PRISMA guidelines for this systematic review were followed. Results. Twenty randomized controlled trials matched the eligibility criteria. Nine studies evaluated the effect of art therapy, and eleven evaluated the effect of music therapy. Improvements were measured in stress, anxiety, depression reduction, pain, fatigue, or other cancer-related somatic symptoms’ management. Overall, the results show that art therapy was oriented towards the effects on quality of life and emotional symptoms while music therapy is the most often applied for anxiety reduction purposes during or before surgeries or chemotherapy sessions. Conclusion. Art and music therapies show effective opportunities for breast cancer patients to reduce negative emotional state and improve the quality of life and seem to be promising nonmedicated treatment options in breast oncology. However, more detailed and highly descriptive single therapy and primary mental health outcome measuring RCTs are necessary to draw an evidence-based advise for the use of art and music therapies.

scholarly journals Plasma Oxidative Status in Preterm Infants Receiving LCPUFA Supplementation: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
David Ramiro-Cortijo ◽  
Ángel Luis López de Pablo ◽  
Mᵃ Rosario López-Giménez ◽  
Camilia R. Martin ◽  
Joanne Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

After birth, preterm infants are deficient in arachidonic acid (ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and antioxidants, increasing their risk of oxidative stress-related pathologies. The principal aim was to evaluate if supplementation with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) improves antioxidant defenses. In total, 21 preterm infants were supplemented with ARA and DHA in a 2:1 ratio (ARA:DHA-S) or with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT-S). Plasma n-3 and n-6 LCPUFAs were measured at birth, postnatal day 28, and 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (36 WPA) by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Plasma antioxidants (glutathione (GSH), catalase, and thiols) and oxidative damage biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyls) were analyzed at the same time points by spectrophotometry, and scores of antioxidant status (Antiox-S) and oxidative damage (Proxy-S) were calculated. At 36 WPA, linoleic acid (LA) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) were decreased in ARA:DHA-S compared to the MCT-S group (LA: ARA:DHA-S = 18.54 ± 1.68, MCT-S = 22.80 ± 1.41; p = 0.018; DGLA: ARA:DHA-S = 1.68 ± 0.38, MCT-S = 2.32 ± 0.58; p = 0.018). Furthermore, α-linolenic acid (ALA) was increased in ARA:DHA-S (ARA:DHA-S = 0.52 ± 0.33, MCT-S = 0.22 ± 0.10; p = 0.018). Additionally, LA:DHA ratio was decreased in the ARA:DHA-S compared to control group (ARA:DHA-S = 6.26 ± 2.35, MCT-S = 8.21 ± 2.65; p = 0.045). By the end of supplementation (36 WPA), catalase, thiol groups, and Antiox-S were significantly higher in neonates receiving ARA:DHA-S compared to those receiving MCT-S, with no differences in oxidative stress biomarkers. In conclusion, ARA:DHA supplementation in preterm neonates resulted in an overall improvement in antioxidant to oxidant balance and a decrease in early fatty acid precursors of the n-6 relative to the n-3 pathway. These effects may reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.

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