scholarly journals Species Composition and New Records of Diatom Taxa on Phyllodictyon pulcherrimum (Chlorophyceae) from the Gulf of California

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Francisco Omar López-Fuerte ◽  
David Alfaro Siqueiros Beltrones ◽  
María del Carmen Altamirano-Cerecedo
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
New Records ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Epiphytic Diatoms ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The North Pacific

A taxonomic analysis of diatoms found on Phyllodictyon pulcherrimum yielded a total of 244 diatom taxa (all illustrated) within 27 orders, 45 families, and 86 genera. The Taxa were briefly documented in a list including identification references and morphometric data. Thirty-eight of the taxa identified at the species and infraspecific levels represent new records for the coasts of Mexico. Seven were recorded for the first time on the American continent: Auricula flabelliformis, A. pulchra, Campylodiscus scalaris, Coscinodiscus mesoleius, Dimeregramma fulvum, Navicula palpebralis var. angulosa, and Seminavis barbarae, and one, Nitzschia fusiformis, for the Pacific Ocean. This is the second record of the chlorophyte P. pulcherrimum in the north Pacific and the third for Mexican waters. The results confirm that surveying rare macroalgae species as hosts for epiphytic diatoms provides opportunities to seek new records of diatom taxa, or even new taxa, in regions around the world.

Amblyopsoides ohlinii (W.M. Tattersall, 1951) (Peracarida, Mysida, Mysidae) in western Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4878 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
JOSÉ CARLOS HERNÁNDEZ-PAYÁN ◽  
MICHEL E. HENDRICKX
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
First Time ◽  
The North Pacific

The rare pelagic mysid Amblyopsoides ohlinii (W.M. Tattersall, 1951) is reported for the first time off western Mexico and represents the first record in the Pacific Ocean south of Japan and the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench. So far, this species only has been recorded from seven localities in the North Atlantic and in the North Pacific. A complete description of the only specimen available (a male), including illustrations of all appendages and SEM images of the mandibles, is provided.

scholarly journals International Dimension in Colonization of the North-West of America and California at the End of the 17-18 th Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
A. Y. Petrov ◽  
V. N. Kostornichenko ◽  
M. M. Koskina
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The North Pacific

The article reviews the initial period of European colonization of the North Pacific Ocean and California within the context of diplomatic relations between Russia and Spain during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. It tries to understand the policies of European powers in the American Northwest and the reasons for pursuing their colonial interests there. It analyses the history of exploration of these territories, expeditions to the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, and historical maps of this region. For the first time in Russian historiography the authors touch upon the exploration of California in the 18th century.The exploration of the North Pacific Ocean, the northwestern American coast, including certain areas of California, Alaska and the Aleutian Islands has long attracted the attention of European powers. It was a process in which government authorities and private merchant companies took part. The expansion of the Spanish Empire into California was made possible in part because of the concerns of the Madrid court about the strengthening of the Russian and British empires in the North Pacific Ocean. The Spanish documents from the archives of Madrid, Seville and Simancas – the article introduces them into research communication the first time - show the validity of the fears of the Madrid court regarding the inevitable development of Russian colonization in the region. The advance of Russia to the shores of America has economic reasons: Cossacks and merchants reached the Pacific Ocean pursuing the desire to profit from the fur trade. As the economic influence expanded, the state interests of annexing territories and bringing the local population into citizenship followed behind. The territorial advance of the Russians to the Pacific Ocean was facilitated by the ambitious, but at the same time balanced diplomacy of Peter I, which managed to ensure the expansion of the borders of the Russian Empire.Spanish consolidation in certain territories in California was aimed at a possible containment of the Russian advance. Russian-Spanish relations in the Northwest Pacific at the end of the 17th – 18th centuries contributed to the nature of the subsequent development of territories in the North Pacific Ocean.

scholarly journals Feeding of smoothtongue Leuroglossus schmidti in the Bering, Okhotsk Seas and adjacent waters of the Pacific Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Alexander Ya. Efimkin
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Mesopelagic Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Upper Epipelagic Layer ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Epipelagic Layer ◽  
The Bering Sea

Smoothtongue Leuroglossus schmidti is a small mesopelagic fish species common for subarctic waters. It rises to the upper epipelagic layer at night for feeding and preys mainly on euphausiids, copepods and amphipods. Its mean index of stomach fullness reaches 68 ‱ in the epipelagic layer, but it almost doesn’t feed deeper than 200 m, judging by a little food in the stomach. In the Bering Sea, euphausiids dominate in its diet and the portion of copepods is small. In the ​​Okhotsk Sea, each of these two groups provides a half of the diet. In the North Pacific, the portion of copepods is 63 % on average, euphausiids are the second important prey, and amphipods occur in the diet occasionally. Daily ration of smoothtongue is about 1.4 %.

scholarly journals Feeding of adult sea bream Brama japonica in the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Alexander Ya. Efimkin
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
The Bering Sea

Feeding habits of adult sea bream are considered on the samples collected in the North Pacific and Bering Sea in the last several years. This species is a predator with the diet highly dependent on its habitat and composition of prey (small-sized fish and squids). It has two or three peaks of consumption daily, which change seasonally and year-to-year; anyway, the morning (3-6 a.m.) is usually the time of the lowest consumption, at least in summer and autumn, and the daytime is the normal time for feeding. The sea bream does not eat zooplankton usually, but Euphausia pacifica was a significant portion of its diet (34 %) in the southern part of surveyed area in the summer of 2009, possibly because of high concentrations of euphausiids in that area. Daily ration of adult sea bream is 2.5-3.5 % of its body weight.

A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, and new records of Palinurellus (Decapoda : Palinuridae) from the Pacific Ocean

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJF Davie
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Records ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Time

A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, is described from deep water off Western Samoa. Palibythus is placed in the Palinuridae, among the 'Stridentes' group of genera, because of the well-developed stridulatory organ. It differs from all other known genera, except Palinurellus, by the flat triangular rostrum and the narrow thoracic sternum; Palinurellus, however, lacks a stridulatory organ. The relationships of Palinurellus are discussed and the Synaxidae is replaced in synonymy with the Palinuridae. Palinurellus wieneckii is recorded from New Guinea and Solomon Islands waters for the first time.

Numerical modeling of the consequences of "marine heatwaves" in the North Pacific for the Arctic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Golubeva ◽  
Gennady Platov ◽  
Marina Kraineva
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
The North ◽  
Pacific Waters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific

<p>As a result of the analysis of the NOAA surface temperature observational data (Huang et al., 2020), the periods corresponding to "marine heatwaves" in the northeastern Pacific Ocean (2013-2019) were identified. Marine heatwaves were defined as exceeding the 90th percentile threshold. The same analysis of the temperature in the Bering Strait's immediate vicinity showed anomalously warm waters in the same years. Analysis of the pressure field, which forms the atmosphere's dynamic state and affects the water circulation system of the Bering Sea, allowed us to assume the inflow of anomalously warm Pacific waters into the Chukchi Sea. To analyze the North Pacific heatwaves' consequences for the Arctic Ocean, we carried out two numerical experiments using the regional ocean and sea ice model SibCIOM (Golubeva et al., 2018) and NCEP/NCAR atmospheric reanalysis data (Kalnay et al., 1996). The first numerical experiment was carried out to calculate hydrodynamic and ice fields from January 2000 to November 2020 (Experiment 1). On the Arctic and the Pacific Ocean boundary in the Bering Strait, we used the monthly average climatic values ​​of the transport, temperature, and salinity of waters coming from the Pacific Ocean. Experiment 2 was carried out from 2014 to November 2020. The calculated values ​​of hydrological and ice characteristics obtained in Experiment 1 were used as the initial state for this experiment. In contrast to Experiment 1,  a heat flux exceeding the average climatic values ​​was set at the Bering Strait in Experiment 2. Its assignment was provided by using temperature values ​​from observational data in the Bering Strait vicinity (Huang et al., 2020). Comparison of monthly average hydrological and ice fields obtained in two numerical experiments and analysis of numerical results showed that an increase in the temperature of the Pacific waters entering the Arctic shelf through the Bering Strait leads to an increase in the heat content of the Chukchi Sea waters, heat transfer by currents in the surface and subsurface layers, a gradual increase in the heat content of the Beaufort Sea, and the reduction of Arctic ice cover. The increase in heat content in Experiment 2 for the Beaufort Sea was obtained in both the upper 50-meter and 250-meter layers.</p><p>The research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant №. 19-17-00154.</p>

Monitoring marine heatwaves in CMEMS ocean analysis systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric de Boisseson
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific

<p> Since 2015, CMEMS has been providing near-real time and multi-year ocean analyses that describe both past and current ocean states. In the recent years, the increased frequency of marine heatwave events has raised the attention of the community. Strong and long-lasting events have been shown to have a significant impact on the marine ecosystems and industries. In the work presented here, recent cases of marine heatwaves have been analysed in the ECMWF ORAS5 reanalysis that is part of the CMEMS catalogue of multi-year products. Marine heatwaves are detected from time series of Sea Surface Temperature using a tool developed at CSIRO. Various aspect of the heatwaves are investigated in ORAS5 fields such as the strength and duration of the events and their propagation into the subsurface. The characteristics of recent heatwave events in the North Pacific and off New Zealand as captured in ORAS5 will also be discussed. Particular attention will be brought onto the Pacific Ocean 'Blob', the longest marine heatwave on record that lasted from 2014 to 2016. ORAS5 captured the ‘Blob’ and its propagation down the vertical column in coastal regions where the fishing industry usually strives. The extent of the ecological and economical impact of such an event is still felt to this day. The evolution of future marine heatwave events will be monitored in ORAS5. The predictability of these heat waves at monthly and seasonal range is under investigation.</p>

scholarly journals Air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux in the Pacific Ocean for the period 1990–2009

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ishii ◽  
R. A. Feely ◽  
K. B. Rodgers ◽  
G.-H. Park ◽  
R. Wanninkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Flux ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

Abstract. Air–sea CO2 fluxes over the Pacific Ocean are known to be characterized by coherent large-scale structures that reflect not only ocean subduction and upwelling patterns, but also the combined effects of wind-driven gas exchange and biology. On the largest scales, a large net CO2 influx into the extratropics is associated with a robust seasonal cycle, and a large net CO2 efflux from the tropics is associated with substantial interannual variability. In this work, we have synthesized estimates of the net air–sea CO2 flux from a variety of products, drawing upon a variety of approaches in three sub-basins of the Pacific Ocean, i.e., the North Pacific extratropics (18–66° N), the tropical Pacific (18° S–18° N), and the South Pacific extratropics (44.5–18° S). These approaches include those based on the measurements of CO2 partial pressure in surface seawater (pCO2sw), inversions of ocean-interior CO2 data, forward ocean biogeochemistry models embedded in the ocean general circulation models (OBGCMs), a model with assimilation of pCO2sw data, and inversions of atmospheric CO2 measurements. Long-term means, interannual variations and mean seasonal variations of the regionally integrated fluxes were compared in each of the sub-basins over the last two decades, spanning the period from 1990 through 2009. A simple average of the long-term mean fluxes obtained with surface water pCO2 diagnostics and those obtained with ocean-interior CO2 inversions are −0.47 ± 0.13 Pg C yr−1 in the North Pacific extratropics, +0.44 ± 0.14 Pg C yr−1 in the tropical Pacific, and −0.37 ± 0.08 Pg C yr−1 in the South Pacific extratropics, where positive fluxes are into the atmosphere. This suggests that approximately half of the CO2 taken up over the North and South Pacific extratropics is released back to the atmosphere from the tropical Pacific. These estimates of the regional fluxes are also supported by the estimates from OBGCMs after adding the riverine CO2 flux, i.e., −0.49 ± 0.02 Pg C yr−1 in the North Pacific extratropics, +0.41 ± 0.05 Pg C yr−1 in the tropical Pacific, and −0.39 ± 0.11 Pg C yr−1 in the South Pacific extratropics. The estimates from the atmospheric CO2 inversions show large variations amongst different inversion systems, but their median fluxes are consistent with the estimates from climatological pCO2sw data and pCO2sw diagnostics. In the South Pacific extratropics, where CO2 variations in the surface and ocean interior are severely undersampled, the difference in the air–sea CO2 flux estimates between the diagnostic models and ocean-interior CO2 inversions is larger (0.18 Pg C yr−1). The range of estimates from forward OBGCMs is also large (−0.19 to −0.72 Pg C yr−1). Regarding interannual variability of air–sea CO2 fluxes, positive and negative anomalies are evident in the tropical Pacific during the cold and warm events of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the estimates from pCO2sw diagnostic models and from OBGCMs. They are consistent in phase with the Southern Oscillation Index, but the peak-to-peak amplitudes tend to be higher in OBGCMs (0.40 ± 0.09 Pg C yr−1) than in the diagnostic models (0.27 ± 0.07 Pg C yr−1).

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