scholarly journals Rice Plant–Soil Microbiome Interactions Driven by Root and Shoot Biomass

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Cristina P. Fernández-Baca ◽  
Adam R. Rivers ◽  
Jude E. Maul ◽  
Woojae Kim ◽  
Ravin Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Plant–soil microbe interactions are complex and affected by many factors including soil type, edaphic conditions, plant genotype and phenotype, and developmental stage. The rice rhizosphere microbial community composition of nine recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their parents, Francis and Rondo, segregating for root and shoot biomass, was determined using metagenomic sequencing as a means to examine how biomass phenotype influences the rhizosphere community. Two plant developmental stages were studied, heading and physiological maturity, based on root and shoot biomass growth patterns across the selected genotypes. We used partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis to examine plant trait-driven microbial populations and identify microbial species, functions, and genes corresponding to root and shoot biomass as well as developmental stage patterns. Species identified correlated with increases in either root or shoot biomass were widely present in soil and included species involved in nitrogen cycling (Anaeromyxobacter spp.) and methane production (Methanocella avoryzae), as well as known endophytes (Bradyrhizobium spp.). Additionally, PLS analysis allowed us to explore the relationship of developmental stage with species, microbial functions, and genes. Many of the community functions and genes observed during the heading stage were representative of cell growth (e.g., carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism), while functions correlated with physiological maturity were indicative of cell decay. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that microbial communities exist whose metabolic and gene functions correspond to plant biomass traits.

scholarly journals Cooperation among phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, humic acids and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induces soil microbiome shifts and enhances plant nutrient uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Cozzolino ◽  
Hiarhi Monda ◽  
Davide Savy ◽  
Vincenzo Di Meo ◽  
Giovanni Vinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi

Abstract Background Increasing the presence of beneficial soil microorganisms is a promising sustainable alternative to support conventional and organic fertilization and may help to improve crop health and productivity. If the application of single bioeffectors has shown satisfactory results, further improvements may arise by combining multiple beneficial soil microorganisms with natural bioactive molecules. Methods In the present work, we investigated in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions whether inoculation of two phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. (B2) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B3), alone or in combination with a humic acids (HA) extracted from green compost and/or a commercial inoculum (M) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), may affect maize growth and soil microbial community. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting analysis were performed to detect changes in the microbial community composition. Results Plant growth, N and P uptake, and mycorrhizal root colonization were found to be larger in all inoculated treatments than in the uninoculated control. The greatest P uptake was found when B. amyloliquefaciens was applied in combination with both HA and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (B3HAM), and when Pseudomonas was combined with HA (B2HA). The PLFA-based community profile revealed that inoculation changed the microbial community composition. Gram+/Gram− bacteria, AMF/saprotrophic fungi and bacteria/fungi ratios increased in all inoculated treatments. The greatest values for the AMF PLFA marker (C16:1ω5) and AMF/saprotrophic fungi ratio were found for the B3HAM treatment. Permutation test based on DGGE data confirmed a similar trend, with most significant variations in both bacterial and fungal community structures induced by inoculation of B2 or B3 in combination with HA and M, especially in B3HAM. Conclusions The two community-based datasets indicated changes in the soil microbiome of maize induced by inoculation of B2 or B3 alone or when combined with humic acids and mycorrhizal inoculum, leading to positive effects on plant growth and improved nutrient uptake. Our study implies that appropriate and innovative agricultural management, enhancing the potential contribution of beneficial soil microorganisms as AMF, may result in an improved nutrient use efficiency in plants.

The Effect of Salinity on Root Architecture in Forage Pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Acikbas ◽  
M.A. Ozyazici ◽  
H. Bektas
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
System Development ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Background: Plants face different abiotic stresses such as salinity that affect their normal development, growth and survival. Forage pea is an important legume crop for herbage production in ruminants. Its agronomy requires high levels of irrigation and fertilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity on seedling root system development in forage pea under semi-hydroponics conditions.Methods: Different treatment of NaCl doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) on root architecture was investigated in two different forage pea cultivars (Livioletta and Ulubatlý) with contrasting root structures under controlled conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized design with three replications and nine plants per replication.Result: Salinity affects root and shoot development differently on these cultivars. Despite the salinity, Livioletta produced more shoot (0.71 g) and root biomass (0.30 g) compared to Ulubatlý (0.52 g and 0.25 g for Root and Shoot biomass, respectively) at 150 mM and all other salinity levels. Livioletta developed a better root system and tolerated salt to a higher dose than Ulubatlý. Understanding root system responses of forage pea cultivars may allow breeding and selecting salinity tolerant cultivars with better rooting potential.

scholarly journals Compared the Microbiota Profiles between Samples from Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Endotracheal Aspirates in Severe Pneumonia: A Real-World Experience

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Yeong-Nan Cheng ◽  
Wei-Chih Huang ◽  
Chen-Yu Wang ◽  
Pin-Kuei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Onset

Lower respiratory tract sampling from endotracheal aspirate (EA) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are both common methods to identify pathogens in severe pneumonia. However, the difference between these two methods in microbiota profiles remains unclear. We compared the microbiota profiles of pairwise EA and BAL samples in ICU patients with respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia. We prospectively enrolled 50 ICU patients with new onset of pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation. EA and BAL were performed on the first ICU day, and samples were analyzed for microbial community composition via 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. Pathogens were identified in culture medium from BAL samples in 21 (42%) out of 50 patients. No difference was observed in the antibiotic prescription pattern, ICU mortality, or hospital mortality between BAL-positive and BAL-negative patients. The microbiota profiles in the EA and BAL samples are similar with respect to diversity, microbial composition, and microbial community correlations. The antibiotic treatment regimen was rarely changed based on the BAL findings. The samples from BAL did not provide more information than EA in the microbiota profiles. We suggest that EA is more useful than BAL for microbiome identification in mechanically ventilated patients.

scholarly journals Direct Biotic Plant–soil Feedback Promotes Dodonaea Viscosa Growth in a Dry-hot Valley, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Bangguo Yan ◽  
Liangtao Shi ◽  
Gangcai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Feedback ◽  
Feedback Phase

Abstract Biotic plant-soil feedback has been widely studied, and may be particularly important in resource-poor areas. However, the roles of soil nutrient cycling in affecting plant growth in this process still remained unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of soil biota in regulating nutrient cycling by conducting a two-phase feedback experiment in a dry-hot valley, with a conditioning phase during which there were Dodonaea viscosa or no D. viscosa growing in the soil, and a feedback phase in which the effect of the conditioned soil biota on D. viscosa performance was measured. The growth of D. viscosa significantly reduced soil N after the conditioning phase. However, D. viscosa showed a positive plant-soil feedback. In the feedback phase, the D. viscosa conditioned soil promoted the stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass content of D. viscosa. Total biomass was also significantly higher in D. viscosa conditioned soil than that in not conditioned soil. In contrast, soil sterilization had a negative effect on the growth of D. viscosa, with a significant reduction in plant biomass, especially in D. viscosa conditioned soil, and soil sterilization significantly increased the root: shoot biomass ratio and litter mass. Furthermore, we showed that although the biota-driven changes in enzyme activities correlated with the leaf N and P amount especially P amount, the enzyme activity was not the main reason to promote D. viscosa growth in the conditioned soil.

scholarly journals Biochar Application Alleviated Negative Plant-Soil Feedback by Modifying Soil Microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenpeng Wang ◽  
Zhuhua Wang ◽  
Kuan Yang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Huiling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Feedback

scholarly journals Root and Shoot Biomass Growth of Constructed Floating Wetlands Plants in Saline Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Sanicola ◽  
Terry Lucke ◽  
Michael Stewart ◽  
Katharina Tondera ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Saline Environments ◽  
Floating Wetlands ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Constructed Floating Wetlands (CFWs) are increasingly being used globally in freshwater environments such as urban lakes and ponds to remove pollutants from urban stormwater runoff. However, to date there has been limited research into the use and performance of these systems in saline environments. This study compared the root and shoot biomass growth and nutrient uptake of five different plant species, Chrysopogon zizanioides, Baumea juncea, Isolepis nodosa, Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora, in three different saltwater treatments over a 12-week period. The aim of the study was to identify which of the plant species may be most suitable for use in CFWs in saline environments. Plant nutrient uptake testing revealed that Phragmites australis had the greatest percentage increase (1473–2477%) of Nitrogen mass in the shoots in all treatments. Sarcocornia quinqueflora also had impressive Nitrogen mass increase in saltwater showing an increase of 966% (0.208 ± 0.134 g). This suggests that the use of Phragmites australis and Sarcocornia quinqueflora plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies, with regular harvesting of the shoot mass, may significantly reduce Nitrogen concentrations in the water. Isolepis nodosa had the greatest percentage increase (112% or 0.018 ± 0.020 g) of Phosphorous mass in the shoots in the saltwater treatment. Baumea juncea had the greatest percentage increase (315% or 0.026 ± 0.012 g) of Phosphorous mass in the roots in the saltwater treatment. This suggests that the use of Isolepis nodosa and Baumea juncea plants in CFWs installed in saline water bodies may significantly reduce Phosphorous concentrations in the water if there was a way to harvest both the shoots above and the roots below the CFWs. The study is continuing, and it is anticipated that more information will be available on CFW plants installed in saline environments in the near future.

scholarly journals Rethinking Invasion Impacts across Multiple Field Sites Using European Swallowwort (Vincetoxicum rossicum) as a Model Invader

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant L. Thompson ◽  
Terrence H. Bell ◽  
Jenny Kao-Kniffin
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
New York State ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme Activities ◽  
Vincetoxicum Rossicum

AbstractEuropean swallowwort [Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich] is found in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. It forms dense growth patterns that reduce plant and insect biodiversity, and lab assays show that it produces allelopathic compounds that affect microbial activity. Consequently, we hypothesized that V. rossicum alters soil microbiome composition and activity in invaded habitats, which may impact ecosystem properties and processes. We sampled soil from a similar time point within a growing season at each of five sites in New York State where V. rossicum was both present and absent. We measured bacterial and fungal microbiome composition, available soil nitrogen (N), soil respiration (CO2 flux), and soil extracellular enzyme activities. Microbial composition varied across field sites, but only fungal composition was affected by invasion. No significant differences were found between the invaded and uninvaded plots at any of the sites for available soil ammonium, nitrate, or respiration, though extractable N varied greatly between sites. Microbial hydrolytic extracellular enzyme activities suggest decreased protein degradation and increased oxidative enzyme activity with V. rossicum invasion, which is relevant to soil N and carbon cycling processes. Although V. rossicum impacted rhizosphere microbial composition and activity, it was not associated with large perturbations in ecosystem function when examined across multiple invasion sites during this short-term study.

Root and shoot biomass and mycorrhizal development of white spruce seedlings naturally regenerating in interior Alaskan floodplain communities

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Krasny ◽  
K. A. Vogt ◽  
J. C. Zasada
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratios ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Root and shoot biomass and mycorrhizal development were examined for white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings naturally regenerating in four floodplain communities in the boreal forest. Mean seedling biomass was highest in the open community and lowest in the spruce community. Seedlings growing in the open community had higher root:shoot ratios (0.50) compared with seedlings growing in the willow (0.34), alder (0.20), and spruce (0.24) communities. Essentially all short roots of spruce seedlings growing in all four communities were infected by mycorrhizal fungi throughout the growing season.

scholarly journals Conditioning the soil microbiome through plant–soil feedbacks suppresses an aboveground insect pest

2020 ◽  
Vol 226 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pineda ◽  
Ian Kaplan ◽  
S. Emilia Hannula ◽  
Wadih Ghanem ◽  
T. Martijn Bezemer
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Plant Soil

Dissection of quantitative trait loci for root characters and day length sensitivity in SynOpDH wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bi-parental mapping population

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-142
Author(s):  
Harun Bektas ◽  
Christopher Earl Hohn ◽  
John Giles Waines
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

AbstractThe genetics of the root system is still not dissected for wheat and lack of knowledge prohibits the use of marker-assisted selection in breeding. To understand the genetic mechanism of root development, Synthetic W7984 × Opata M85 doubled-haploid (SynOpDH) mapping population was evaluated for root and shoot characteristics in PVC tubes until maturity. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for total root biomass were detected on homoeologous chromosomes 2A and 2D with logarithm of the odds scores between 6.25–10.9 and 11.8–20.86, and total phenotypic effects between 12.7–17.7 and 26.6–40.04% in 2013 and 2014, respectively. There was a strong correlation between days to anthesis and root and shoot biomass accumulation (0.50–0.81). The QTL for biomass traits on chromosome 2D co-locates with QTL for days to anthesis. The effect of extended vegetative growth, caused by photoperiod sensitivity (Ppd) genes, on biomass accumulation was always hypothesized, this is the first study to genetically support this theory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document