scholarly journals A Narrative Review of the Complex Relationship between Pregnancy and Eye Changes

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1329
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Anton ◽  
Bogdan Doroftei ◽  
Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie ◽  
Roxana-Elena Ciuntu ◽  
Camelia Margareta Bogdănici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Corneal Sensitivity ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Ophthalmic Pathology ◽  
Ocular Changes ◽  
Caucasian Women

Pregnancy is a condition often characterized by changes that occur in different parts of the body. Generally, the eyes suffer several changes during pregnancy that are usually transient but may become permanent at times. This may occur due to the release of placental hormones and those of maternal endocrine glands and fetal adrenal glands. Due to hormonal influences, physiological ocular changes during pregnancy have been shown in Caucasian women, so corneal sensitivity, refractive status, intraocular pressure, and visual acuity may change during pregnancy. Within this review, all studies that referred to physiological aspects and to changes of ocular pathology of pregnancy, the effect of the pregnancy on pre-existing (diabetic retinopathy, neuro-ophthalmic disorders) eye disorders, postpartum ocular changes, the intraocular pressure and the effect of hypotensive ophthalmic medicine during pregnancy, the connection between pregnancy and the neuro-ophthalmic pathology, as well as the role of anesthesia were analyzed.

On the role of the adrenal glands in the biochemistry of the body

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 888-896
Author(s):  
S. A. Shcherbakov ◽  
V. S. Zimnitsky ◽  
V. R. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Glands

Anyone who runs the risk of stepping on the shaky soil of the endocrine glands must walk on it carefully, since there is nothing more disastrous, says Nobekur. II indeed, we know that despite the colossal amount of research accumulated in the endocrinological literature, we all have a number of conflicting opinions and hypotheses, sometimes mutually exclusive of each other.

Adrenal relationship to immunity

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
M. N. Cheboksarov ◽  
Z. I. Malkin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Bacterial Toxins ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The question of the relationship of the endocrine glands, and in particular the adrenal glands, to immunity has not yet been finally resolved: while some authors recognize only the indirect importance of the endocrine organs in the fight against infection, given the extremely extensive biological role of these organs in the life of the animal body, others are inclined to seek a more direct relationship, allowing their participation or in the production of antithelials, or in the neutralization of bacterial toxins.

On the role of the adrenal glands in the biochemistry of the body

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
S. A. Shcherbakov ◽  
V. S. Zimnitsky ◽  
A. A. Vishnevsky ◽  
V. R. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Body

Sensitivity in general and one of its types - pain - play an important role in biology and, in particular, in the clinic. It is not without reason that clinicians devote solid monographs and works to pain, as a symptom, and surgery persistently seeks to remove this far from important obstacle to its progress. and complex reflex arcs, the same cannot be said about another mechanism, a more subtle one, the mechanism of chemical restructuring of the body under the influence of sensitive irritation and the mental affect closely associated with it. Here we have not yet quite accurate and clear data.

scholarly journals Epiphysis: current data on physiology and pathology

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Semicheva ◽  
A. Yu. Garibashvili
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Functional Systems ◽  
Annual Rhythms ◽  
Leading Role

Today the pineal gland is one of the most “titled” endocrine glands, but interest in it has not diminished, but continues to increase. A Melatonin Club has been organized and operates, and Jounal of Pineal Research, Advances in Pineal Research, and European Pineal Society News are published. The rapid development of chronobiology led to the elimination of the leading role of the pineal gland and its hormone melatonin in the implementation of circadian, seasonal and annual rhythms of the most diverse functional systems of the body [1]. Despite this, the amount of modern literature in Russian, devoted not to some particular issues, but to the pineal gland and its pathology as a whole, is very limited.

scholarly journals Effect of acupuncture on intraocular pressure and tear production in healthy horses

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiene de Lima Rodrigues ◽  
Luiz Leite dos Santos Neto ◽  
Vital Henrique de Lira Silva ◽  
Alexandra Melo Oliveira ◽  
Péricles de Farias Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols ◽  
Needle Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT: Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese form of therapy that involves needle stimulation of specific points on the body for therapeutic and homeostatic effects. In ophthalmology, acupuncture helps as a conventional or adjuvant therapy for numerous eye disorders, including myopia, strabismus, dry eye, and cataracts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on tear production (TP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in horses. Ten healthy horses, females and males with ages varying between eight months and nine years, were used. Schirmer’s I test and applanation tonometry were used to evaluate the basal TP and IOP of both eyes. The measurements were taken immediately before (T10) the insertion of the needles and 5 (T5), 15 (T15), 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes and 24 (T24) hours after a 20-minute acupuncture session. Mean values of both eyes were analyzed over time. TP increased in 50% of the animals at T5, T15 and T24, in 30% at T30, and in 40% at T60, with an increase of up to 8.5 mm/min at T15 and T60. In addition, there was a significant difference between T24 and T30, with a 14.1% increase in TP at T24. Meanwhile, IOP decreased in 50% of the animals at T5 and T30, in 20% at T15, in 60% at T60, and in 70% at T24. Thus, we suggest that acupuncture is a technique that can benefit horses with diseases that alter these parameters, either alone or as an adjunct in conventional therapeutic protocols.

The role of vitamin D in the body

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grafka ◽  
Maciej Łopucki ◽  
Jarosław Kuna ◽  
Anna Kuna ◽  
Barbara Pęksa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Vitamin D performs a lot of important functions in the body, and its deficiency is just as harmful as the excess. From its precious properties, we draw primarily in the summer while staying in the sun, while in other seasons you should take care of a appropriate diet and implement vitamin D supplementation. The proper level of vitamin D in the human body results in proper bone mineralization, regulates the endocrine function of the pancreas, adrenal glands, thyroid gland and pituitary glands. It acts as an anti-proliferative factor of some tumor such as melanoma, breast, prostate, colon, and increases differentiation and inhibits apoptosis of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and skin melanocytes. It has an influence on the proper functioning of many systems and regulates the immune response.

scholarly journals A Camouflaged Case of Disseminated Tuberculosis Presenting as Adrenal Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Saquib Navid Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adrenal Crisis ◽  
Adrenal Failure ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Disseminated Tuberculosis ◽  
Multiple Organs

Lymphohematogenous spread of mycobacterium tuberculosis to multiple organs presents a complex diagnostic challenge to any physician. A holistic and vigilant approach is required in the quest to diagnose disseminated tuberculosis causing adrenal failure. Although tuberculosis can affect various endocrine glands of the body yet adrenal remains the most common.[1] It is also the fifth most common site for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.[2] The incidence of tuberculous Addison’s disease has lowered courtesy of anti-tubercular medications accounting for only 7-20% of cases.[1] Here we showcase a rare incidence where a 39 years old gentleman with no constitutional symptoms and no known co-morbidities presenting with neck pain went into adrenal crisis and eventually was found to be due to disseminated tuberculosis which affected his lungs, adrenal glands, cervical spine, and brain.

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

The Role of Computer Modeling in Electrocardiography

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Oosterom
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Volume Conductor ◽  
Current Generator ◽  
Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽  
Source Models

AbstractThis paper introduces some levels at which the computer has been incorporated in the research into the basis of electrocardiography. The emphasis lies on the modeling of the heart as an electrical current generator and of the properties of the body as a volume conductor, both playing a major role in the shaping of the electrocardiographic waveforms recorded at the body surface. It is claimed that the Forward-Problem of electrocardiography is no longer a problem. Several source models of cardiac electrical activity are considered, one of which can be directly interpreted in terms of the underlying electrophysiology (the depolarization sequence of the ventricles). The importance of using tailored rather than textbook geometry in inverse procedures is stressed.

Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
Ju. N. Kozlova ◽  
N. A. Davidova ◽  
V. Yu. Koptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

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