scholarly journals Incidence of Complicated Appendicitis during the COVID-19 Pandemic versus the Pre-Pandemic Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 2782 Pediatric Appendectomies

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Zenon Pogorelić ◽  
Sachit Anand ◽  
Tomislav Žuvela ◽  
Apoorv Singh ◽  
Zvonimir Križanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black Scale ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted volume, management strategies and patient outcomes of acute appendicitis. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in higher incidence of complicated appendicitis in children presenting with acute appendicitis compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The secondary aim was to investigate the proportion of the patients treated by non-operative management (NOM). Methods: A systematic search of four scientific databases was performed. The search terms used were (coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2 OR COVID-19 OR novel coronavirus) AND (appendicitis). The inclusion criteria were all patients aged <18 years and diagnosed with acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods. The proportion of children presenting with complicated appendicitis and the proportion of children managed by NOM was compared between the two groups. The Downs and Black scale was used for methodological quality assessment. Results: The present meta-analysis included thirteen studies (twelve retrospective studies and one cross-sectional study). A total of 2782 patients (1239 during the COVID-19 period) were included. A significantly higher incidence of complicated appendicitis (RR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.33–2.01, p < 0.00001) and a significantly higher proportion of children managed via the NOM (RR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.45–2.61, p < 0.00001) was observed in patients during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Conclusion: There is a significantly higher incidence of complicated appendicitis in children during the COVID-19 pandemic than in the pre-COVID-19 period. Additionally, a significantly higher proportion of children was managed via the NOM during the pandemic in comparison to the pre-pandemic period.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular manifestations in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni ◽  
Amirhossein Azari Jafari ◽  
Seyedeh Zohreh Hashemi ◽  
Elham Angouraj Taghavi ◽  
Alireza Azani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Cardiac Manifestations

Since December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global population, and one of the major causes of mortality in infected patients is cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we systematically searched Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases for all articles published by April 2, 2020. Observational studies (cohort and cross-sectional designs) were included in this meta-analysis if they reported at least one of the related cardiovascular symptoms or laboratory findings in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we did not use any language, age, diagnostic COVID-19 criteria, and hospitalization criteria restrictions. The following keywords alone or in combination with OR and AND operators were used for searching the literature: "Wuhan coronavirus", "COVID-19", "coronavirus disease 2019", "SARS-CoV-2", "2019 novel coronavirus" "cardiovascular disease", "CVD", "hypertension", "systolic pressure", "dyspnea", "hemoptysis", and "arrhythmia". Study characteristics, exposure history, laboratory findings, clinical manifestations, and comorbidities were extracted from the retrieved articles. Sixteen studies were selected which involved 4754 patients, including 2103 female and 2639 male patients. Among clinical cardiac manifestations, chest pain and arrhythmia were found to have the highest incidence proportion. In addition, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and D-dimer levels were the most common cardiovascular laboratory findings. Finally, hypertension, chronic heart failure, and coronary heart disease were the most frequently reported comorbidities. The findings suggest that COVID-19 can cause various cardiovascular symptoms and laboratory findings. It is also worth noting that cardiovascular comorbidities like hypertension have a notable prevalence among COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anxiety in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Lasheras ◽  
Patricia Gracia-García ◽  
Darren Lipnicki ◽  
Juan Bueno-Notivol ◽  
Raúl López-Antón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Treatment Prognosis

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has brought a great deal of pressure for medical students, who typically show elevated anxiety rates. Our aim is to investigate the prevalence of anxiety in medical students during this pandemic. This systematic review and mini meta-analysis has been conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Two researchers independently searched PubMed on 26 August 2020 for cross-sectional studies on medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak, with no language restrictions applied. We then performed a manual search to detect other potentially eligible investigations. To the 1361 records retrieved in the initial search, 4 more were added by manual search on medRxiv. Finally, eight studies were finally included for qualitative and quantitative analysis, which yielded an estimated prevalence of anxiety of 28% (95% CI: 22–34%), with significant heterogeneity between studies. The prevalence of anxiety in medical students is similar to that prior to the pandemic but correlates with several specific COVID-related stressors. While some preventive and risk factors have been previously identified in a non-pandemic context, knowledge and cognitions on COVID-19 transmission, treatment, prognosis and prevention negatively correlate with anxiety, emerging as a key preventive factor that may provide a rationale for why the levels of anxiety have remained stable in medical students during the pandemic while increasing in their non-medical peers and the general population. Other reasons for the invariability of anxiety rates in this population are discussed. A major limitation of our review is that Chinese students comprised 89% the total sample, which could compromise the external validity of our work

scholarly journals The Increasing Risk of Dementia in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Chayada Chaiyabutr ◽  
Narumol Silpa-archa ◽  
Chanisada Wongpraparut ◽  
Leena Chularojanamontri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Objective: To systemically summarize and meta-analyze the risk of dementia in psoriasis patients. Methods: A systematic review was performed in two databases (EMBASE and MEDLINE). The eligible studies had to be a cohort study or a cross-sectional study that compared either the prevalence or incidence of dementia in patients with psoriasis, versus individuals without psoriasis. Results: Of 791 retrieved articles, seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were included into the meta-analysis. The risk of incident and prevalent dementia were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis, with a pooled risk ratio of 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02-1.33; I2 96%) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.07-1.72; I2 10%), respectively. Conclusions: This study revealed a slight increase in both the incidence and prevalence of dementia in psoriasis patients. However, dermatologists should carefully observe and periodically screen psoriasis patients for this comorbidity, especially among those who have symptoms and signs of cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Role of Hyperbilirubinemia in Complicated and Non -complicated Appendicitis.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valon Zejnullahu ◽  
Rozalinda Isjanovska ◽  
Besnik Bicaj ◽  
Vjosa A. Zejnullahu ◽  
Astrit R. Hamza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Marker ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent causes of abdominal pain. Early diagnosis is the key to success for the surgeon, followed by the treatment with operation or conservative treatment as a new approach, before the stage of gangrenous appendicitis or perforation occurs.Aim: This study aims to establish he role of hyperbilirubinemia as a laboratory marker in prediction of acute appendicitis in the early diagnosis.Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study; it included 201 patients admitted in the emergency ward with suspicion for acute appendicitis. All patients that participated in this study have been subject to appendectomy. The blood samples were taken from all patients in order to analyze the level of total/direct bilirubin.Results: The study samples of 201 patients consisted of 67.7% with complicated appendicitis and 32.3% with non-complicated appendicitis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV for laboratory marker, as predictor for complicated vs non-complicated cases of appendicitis was as follows: Total bilirubin; specificity (72.3%), sensitivity (54.4%), PPV (80.4%), NPV (43.1%),Conclusion: Elevation of total/direct bilirubin level in patients with clinical signs of acute appendicitis might predict the stage of acute appendicitis, such prediction may help surgeons to provide accurate treatment of the disease without delay in the diagnosis. This accuracy can be further supplemented by using Alvarado scoring model during the clinical approach.

scholarly journals Frequency and outcome of complicated appendicitis in toddlers and pre-schoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseem Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Khan ◽  
Jehangir Khan ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Imran Khattak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Operative Findings ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Emergency Abdominal Surgery

Background: Acute appendicitis is a frequent indication of emergency abdominal surgery in the pediatric population. In younger children, especially toddlers, and preschoolers, the presentation is comparatively late resulting in complicated appendicitis. This study was done to determine the frequency and outcome of complicated appendicitis in toddlers and preschoolers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, during August 2018 and February 2019. The medical records of 144 toddlers and preschoolers who presented with acute appendicitis were reviewed for demography, clinical presentation, operative findings, and outcome. Frequency and types of complicated appendicitis were recorded. Results: The mean age of study participants was 3 years (±2.84), including 46(32%) toddlers and 98(68%) preschoolers. Overall 62% of patients were male while 38% of patients were female. Complicated appendicitis was documented in 75% of patients. The common types of complicated appendicitis were perforation of the appendix with a localized abscess in 68 patients, gangrenous appendicitis in 4 patients, generalized peritonitis in 24 patients, and mass formation in 12 patients. All patients did well after surgery, except one who succumbed to complications of leukemia. Conclusion: In our study, a great deal (75%) of toddlers and preschoolers had complicated appendicitis especially perforated appendicitis with localized peritonitis.

The relationship between pemphigus and systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study, systematic review, and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Khalaf Kridin ◽  
Rimma Laufer-Britva ◽  
Mouhammad Kridin ◽  
Doron Comaneshter ◽  
Erez Batat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Correlation of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) after appendicectomy with per-operative morphological appearance of appendix.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Rehana Firdos ◽  
Irfan Haider Abdi ◽  
Qambar Ali Laghari ◽  
Mujeeb ur Rahman Sahito ◽  
Naimatullah Kalhoro
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Morphological Appearance

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of emergency abdominal surgery worldwide. Postoperatively, surgical site infection (SSI) occurs in 3% to 60% of appendicectomized patients, depending on pathological state of appendix. SSI is a devastating complication from biologic and economic point of view and has enormous impact on patient’s quality of life. Objectives: To determine the frequency of surgical site infection after appendicectomy in patients presenting as acute appendicitis and correlate it with per-operative morphological appearance of appendix. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of General Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Period: One year from March 2015 to February 2016. Material & Methods: This study was carried out on 200 patients. All male and female patients above age of 12 years with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis or localized peritonitis due to perforated appendix undergoing appendectomy by grid iron incision and whose skin closed primarily by interrupted silk 2/0 stitches were included in the study. Operative findings were recorded and inflammation of appendix was graded into four categories. Postoperatively patients were followed for period of 30 days to check the development of SSI. Results: Out of 200 patients, 42 suffered from SSI (21%). On the basis of per-operative morphological appearance of appendix, uncomplicated appendicitis was significantly high 135(67.5%) than complicated appendicitis 65(32.5%). SSI developed in 12(28.5%) cased of uncomplicated and 30(71.5%) cases of complicated appendicitis. Conclusion: It was not possible to establish a relationship between SSI and per-operative morphological appearance of appendix. Frequency of SSI reported here (21%) is comparable with literature. We recommended that avoiding delay in diagnosis, use of peri-operative antibiotics, sound surgical technique to avoid wound contamination and continuing surveillance is necessary to further reduce SSI rates after open appendicectomy.

scholarly journals The Association Between Gallstone Disease and Metabolic Syndrome Related Abnormalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiwu Jiang ◽  
Zhongkai Ni ◽  
Shifei Huang ◽  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract BackgroundBile excretion is one of an important metabolite excretion pathway of human body. In recent years, it has been reported that metabolic diseases are associated with the occurrence of GSD (Gallstone Disease). The main purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cholelithiasis, including components of the metabolic syndrome such as abnormal blood glucose regulation, hyperlipidemia, and obesity.MethodsPubmed, Cochrane library and embase were searched for all English language articles for the following relevant keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Reaven Syndrome X, Biliary Calculi, Cholelithiasis Gallstones. Case-control study, cross-sectional study and cohort study were included .Pooled relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The pooled mean differences of the outcome measures were compared between patients with and without MetS.ResultsAfter screening, a total of 5 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. The 6 studies evaluated a total of 49101 people，of whom 9055 had MS and 2308 had GSD. There is a significant correlation between MS and GSD (z=6.65, p = 0.000), and it’s more significant in female. All studies displayed increasing odds of GSD with increasing number of MetS traits, where patients with three or more MetS traits tended to have a higher prevalence of nephrolithiasis.ConclusionsOur review shows a definite association of MetS with GSD, and the more the components of MetS, the higher the prevalence of GSD. Although not as obvious as women, men also support this conclusion.

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