scholarly journals Early Routine Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Morbidity and Mortality: Outcomes from an Emergency Section

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Flavio Maria Ceci ◽  
Marco Fiore ◽  
Francesca Gavaruzzi ◽  
Antonio Angeloni ◽  
Marco Lucarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Severity Prediction ◽  
Emergency Group ◽  
D Dimer

Background. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family. This disease has spread rapidly around the world and soon became an international public health emergency leading to an unpredicted pressure on the hospital emergency units. Early routine blood biomarkers could be key predicting factors of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality as suggested for C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, prothrombin and D-dimer. This study aims to identify other early routine blood biomarkers for COVID-19 severity prediction disclosed directly into the emergency section. Methods. Our research was conducted on 156 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the Sapienza University Hospital “Policlinico Umberto I” of Rome, Italy, between March 2020 and April 2020 during the paroxysm’s initial phase of the pandemic. In this retrospective study, patients were divided into three groups according to their outcome: (1) emergency group (patients who entered the emergency room and were discharged shortly after because they did not show severe symptoms); (2) intensive care unit (ICU) group (patients who attended the ICU after admission to the emergency unit); (3) the deceased group (patients with a fatal outcome who attended the emergency and, afterward, the ICU units). Routine laboratory tests from medical records were collected when patients were admitted to the emergency unit. We focused on Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine kinase (CK), Myoglobin (MGB), Ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer. Results. As expected, ANOVA data show an age morbidity increase in both ICU and deceased groups compared with the emergency group. A main effect of morbidity was revealed by ANOVA for all the analyzed parameters with an elevation between the emergency group and the deceased group. Furthermore, a significant increase in LDH, Ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer was also observed between the ICU group and the emergency group and between the deceased group and ICU group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses confirmed and extended these findings. Conclusions. This study suggests that the contemporaneous presence of high levels of LDH, Ferritin, and as expected, CRP, and D-dimer could be considered as potential predictors of COVID-19 severity and death.

scholarly journals Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with STEMI and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19: an experience of Tanta University Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alaarag ◽  
Timoor Hassan ◽  
Sameh Samir ◽  
Mohamed Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Primary Management ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background Patients with established cardiovascular diseases have a poor prognosis when affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Also, the cardiovascular system, especially the heart, is affected by COVID-19. So we aimed to evaluate the angiographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients presented by ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Results Our retrospective study showed that STEMI patients with COVID-19 had elevated inflammatory markers with mean of their CRP (89.69 ± 30.42 mg/dl) and increased laboratory parameters of thrombosis with mean D-dimer (660.15 ± 360.11 ng/ml). In 69.2% of patients, STEMI was the first clinical presentation and symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 developed during the hospital stay; about one third of patients had a non-obstructive CAD, while patients with total occlusion had a high thrombus burden. Conclusion STEMI may be the initial presentation of COVID-19. A non-obstructive CAD was found in about one third of patients; on the other hand, in patients who had a total occlusion of their culprit artery, the thrombus burden was high. Identification of the underlying mechanism responsible for the high thrombus burden in these patients is important as it may result in changes in their primary management strategy, either primary PCI, fibrinolytic therapy, or a pharmaco-invasive strategy. Furthermore, adjunctive anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy may need to be revised.

scholarly journals Performance of the Quantitative Latex Immunoturbidimetric D-dimer Assay for the Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism at Rafik Hariri University Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Rida Salman ◽  
Mira Alsheikh ◽  
Rim Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Acute Pe ◽  
D Dimer

Background and aims: The diagnostic workup for pulmonary embolism (PE) includes D-dimer assay and computed tomographic angiography. Several D-dimer assays have been approved for PE diagnosis with different sensitivity and specificity. We aimed to study the sensitivity and specificity of the quantitative latex agglutination D-dimer assay used in a referral teaching hospital in Lebanon for the diagnosis of acute PE. Methods: Using a retrospective chart review, we studied 300 patients who had D-dimer test at Rafik Hariri University Hospital in the period between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013. Accordingly, 93 patients had a CT angiography after being suspected to have acute PE. A statistical table 2*2 was used to compare the results of CT angiography and D-dimer test. Results: Thirteen patients (13.97%) had PE and 60 patients (64.51%) had positive D-dimer test. Quantitative latex agglutination D-dimer assay had a sensitivity of 69%, specificity of 36%, and negative predictive value of 88%. False positive ratio was also 64%. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained with an area under the curve measuring 0.527. Conclusion: Quantitative latex agglutination D-dimer assay has a high negative predictive value; thus, it can exclude a PE diagnosis if it is associated with low clinical pretest probability.

scholarly journals Predictors of the functional outcome after thrombolysis in an Egyptian patients’ sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Eldeeb ◽  
D. H. Elsalamawy ◽  
A. M. Elabd ◽  
H. S. Abdelraheem
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Stroke

Abstract Background About 6.2 million individuals worldwide and approximately 200 Egyptians/100,000 citizens have cerebrovascular stroke annually, and only less than 1% of stroke patients received intravenous (IV) thrombolysis in 2014. Outcome of the ischemic stroke after IV thrombolysis varies, and there is lack of data about the predicting factors that contributes to the outcome of ischemic strokes after IV thrombolysis in Egypt. Objective The aim of this work is to study the predictors of the functional outcome of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke after IV thrombolysis in Egyptian patients. Patients and methods This is a prospective study that includes acute ischemic stroke patients who received IV thrombolysis at the Alexandria University Hospital during the year from February 2017 to February 2018, and they were evaluated initially by Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation (RACE) scale and followed-up serially for 6 months after thrombolysis using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified ranking score (mRS). Results Forty-five patients are included; 56% had favorable functional outcome (mRS 0–2) after 6 months, 68% had ≥ 4 points improvement in NIHSS after 6 months, and 13% had hemorrhagic conversion with 18% mortality rate. High initial RACE scale and long hospital stay are associated with poor functional outcome 6 months after thrombolysis. Conclusion Stroke severity demonstrated by high initial RACE and the duration of hospital stay are the two most significant predictors with an impact on the functional outcome of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke after thrombolysis.

scholarly journals The diagnosis of delirium in 80 emergency unit patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
AFONSO CARLOS NEVES ◽  
RICARDO DE CASTRO CINTRA SESSO ◽  
HENRIQUE BALLALAI FERRAZ ◽  
SÍLVIO FRANCISCO ◽  
JOÃO BAPTISTA DOS REIS-FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

We evaluated the initial and final diagnosis of 80 patients with delirium arriving at the emergence unit of a university hospital in a large Brazilian city over a period of 30 months up to December 1991. The diagnosis was based on the DSM-IIIR criteria. Patients with a known history of head trauma or epileptic seizure and patients younger than 13 years were excluded. Only patients with a disease of up to 7 days were included.The patients were subdivided into four etiologic groups: vascular; associated with the use of alcohol; infectious-parasitic; miscellaneous.The results showed a rate of correct diagnosis ranging from 65 to 80% with the use of kappa test (standard good to excelent). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values had results showing different conditions for initial diagnosis in each group. This study can help the initial diagnosis of delirium and the choice for diagnostic testing.

scholarly journals MATERNAL SEPSIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmida Parveen Memon ◽  
Majida Khan ◽  
Samya Aijaz
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Maternal Sepsis

Objectives: To determine the thrombocytopenia as marker of maternal sepsis and its related maternal morbidity and mortality at tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gynaecological and Obstetrical department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from March 2017 to August 2017. Material and Methods: All the pregnant females with diagnosis of sepsis were enrolled in the study. All the females with chronic hepatitis were excluded. After complete clinical examination every women underwent 5cc blood sample for complete blood picture. Thrombocytopenia was characterized as a platelet count below 150.000/mm3. Data regarding maternal mortality and maternal complications was filled in the proforma. Results: Total 120 septic mothers were included in the study, 70 patients had thrombocytopenia and 50 were with normal platelets. Most of the women 71.7% were with age groups of 20-30 years. Out of total women 65.0% were un-booked. According to the maternal morbidity, septic shock was most common 36.7%, multi-organ failure was in 08.3%, prolonged Hospital stay was in 16.7%, ICU admission occurred in 18.3% patients, while renal failure, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis were found with percentage of 09.2%, 02.5%, 10.8%, 10.8% and 03.3% respectively. Mortality rate was found among 8.3% out of total cases. Almost all complications were higher among women with thrombocytopenia as compare to women with normal platelets level, while statistically p-value was quite insignificant. Mortality was significantly high among patients with thrombocytopenia p-value 0.032. Conclusion: It was concluded that thrombocytopenia is a good marker for adverse outcome among septic mothers. Maternal morbidity and mortality was higher among septic women with thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Influence of PAI-1 Gene Promoter-675 (4G/5G) Polymorphism on Fibrinolytic Activity After Cardiac Surgery Employing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Agnese Ozolina ◽  
Eva Strike ◽  
Inta Jaunalksne ◽  
Jelena Serova ◽  
Tatjana Romanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Postoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Bleeding Volume ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
D Dimer

Background and Objective. The plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) gene promoter contains 675 (4G/5G) polymorphism. The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of the PAI-1 promoter-675 (4G/5G) polymorphism on the concentrations of PAI-1 and tissue plasminogen activator/PAI-1 (t-PA/PAI-1) complex and bleeding volume after on-pump cardiac surgery.Material and Methods. A total of 90 patients were included in the study at Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital. Seven patients were excluded due to surgical bleeding. Eighty-three patients were classified according to the PAI-1 genotype: 21 patients had the 4G/4G genotype; 42, the 4G/5G genotype; and 20, the 5G/5G genotype. The following fibrinolysis parameters were recorded: the PAI-1 level preoperatively, D-dimer level at 0, 6, and 24 hours after surgery, and t-PA/ PAI-1 complex level 24 hours postoperatively. A postoperative bleeding volume was registered in mL 24 hours after surgery.Results. The patients with the 5G/5G genotype had significantly lower preoperative PAI-1 levels (17 [SD, 10.8] vs. 24 ng/mL [SD, 9.6], P=0.04), higher D-dimer levels at 6 hours (371 [SD, 226] vs. 232 ng/mL [SD, 185], P=0.03) and 24 hours (326 [SD, 207] vs. 209 ng/mL [SD, 160], P=0.04), and greater postoperative blood loss (568 [SD, 192] vs. 432 mL [168], P=0.02) compared with the 4G/4G carriers. There were no significant differences in the levels of the t-PA/PAI-1 complex comparing different genotype groups.Conclusions. The carriers of the 5G/5G genotype showed the lower preoperative PAI-1 levels, greater chest tube blood loss, and higher D-dimer levels indicating that the 5G/5G carriers may have enhanced fibrinolysis.

D-Dimer as a prognostic marker of morbidity and mortality among HIV patients: a call for attention

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 860-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Aranda ◽  
Silvia Perés Wingeyer ◽  
Gabriela de Larrañaga
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
D Dimer

scholarly journals Direct Detection of Pathogens in Bloodstream During Sepsis: Are We There Yet?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linoj Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background Advances in medicine have improved our understanding of sepsis, but it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The detection of pathogens that cause sepsis remains a challenge for clinical microbiology laboratories. Content Routine blood cultures are time-consuming and are negative in a large proportion of cases, leading to excessive use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Molecular testing direct from patient blood without the need for incubation has the potential to fill the gaps in our diagnostic armament and complement blood cultures to provide results in a timely manner. Currently available platforms show promise but have yet to definitively address gaps in sensitivity and specificity. Summary Significant strides have been made in the detection of pathogens directly from blood. A number of hurdles, however, remain before this technology can be adapted for routine use.

scholarly journals Demanda de pacientes com diabetes mellitus em unidade de urgência de um Hospital Universitário/ Profile of patients with diabetes mellitus in the emergency unit of a University Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Aparecida Martins ◽  
Claudia Benedita Dos Santos ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Flávia Fernanda Luchetti Rodrigues ◽  
Cesar Eduardo Pedersoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Este é um estudo transversal, cujo objetivo foi identificar o perfil de pacientes com diabetes mellitus em Unidade de Urgência. A amostra probabilística foi constituída por 247 pacientes de um hospital do interior paulista, Brasil, em 2009. Um formulário estruturado, contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e relacionadas às orientações de enfermagem, oferecidas na alta hospitalar, foi utilizado para obtenção dos dados nos prontuários de saúde. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que os pacientes admitidos eram predominantemente do gênero feminino (53,4%), brancos (79,8%), com baixa escolaridade (76,6%) e idade entre 58 e 77 anos (50,2%); média de 62 anos e desvio-padrão de 15,3 anos. Quanto à procura pelo atendimento, os diagnósticos mais prevalentes foram: problemas cardiovasculares (22,3%) e cerebrovasculares (13%). O diabetes foi considerado motivo secundário para admissão no serviço, o primário foi relacionado apenas à queixa principal do paciente. O tempo de internação foi, em média, de quatro dias, com mediana de nove dias e desvio-padrão de 21,7. As orientações de enfermagem registradas em prontuário na alta hospitalar se restringiram aos retornos ambulatoriais. Há necessidade de melhor articulação da rede de atenção primária e hospitalar para redução da demanda evitável de pacientes com diabetes em unidade de urgência.

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