scholarly journals Model Unity and the Unity of Consciousness: Developments in Expected Float Entropy Minimisation

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1444
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. D. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Unity Of Consciousness ◽  
System States ◽  
Unified Consciousness ◽  
Clear Statement ◽  
Phenomenal Unity

The unity of consciousness, or, more precisely, phenomenal unity, is an important property of consciousness and an important area of research in mathematical consciousness science and the scientific study of consciousness. Due to the numerous aspects and complexity of consciousness, the property tends to engender loose or inadequate characterizations. In this article, we introduce the concept and mathematical formulation of model unity. A system has model unity if a single relational model, stretched across the whole system, is optimal. Alternatively, model unity may only be present for subsystems, although there may still be unity at some higher level. As a development in the theory of expected float entropy minimisation, such relational models provide an interpretation of system states and the theory may help to provide insights into questions such as why experience of the visual field is unified and why different people do not have a unified consciousness, for example. This article constitutes a relatively small initial study of model unity. Four investigations were undertaken and are given as examples. A postulate is also given, distilling the foundations of EFE minimisation into a clear statement allowing others to consider whether or not the postulate identifies a self-evident fundamental property of consciousness.

scholarly journals SELF-ORGANIZATION IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS AS DECISION MAKING

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1450016 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. YUKALOV ◽  
D. SORNETTE
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Conditional Entropy ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Entropy Maximization ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Macroscopic States ◽  
System States ◽  
Statistical Systems

The idea is advanced that self-organization in complex systems can be treated as decision making (as it is performed by humans) and, vice versa, decision making is nothing but a kind of self-organization in the decision maker nervous systems. A mathematical formulation is suggested based on the definition of probabilities of system states, whose particular cases characterize the probabilities of structures, patterns, scenarios, or prospects. In this general framework, it is shown that the mathematical structures of self-organization and of decision making are identical. This makes it clear how self-organization can be seen as an endogenous decision making process and, reciprocally, decision making occurs via an endogenous self-organization. The approach is illustrated by phase transitions in large statistical systems, crossovers in small statistical systems, evolutions and revolutions in social and biological systems, structural self-organization in dynamical systems, and by the probabilistic formulation of classical and behavioral decision theories. In all these cases, self-organization is described as the process of evaluating the probabilities of macroscopic states or prospects in the search for a state with the largest probability. The general way of deriving the probability measure for classical systems is the principle of minimal information, that is, the conditional entropy maximization under given constraints. Behavioral biases of decision makers can be characterized in the same way as analogous to quantum fluctuations in natural systems.

Modelli di relazioni con i coetanei e adattamento psicosociale in adolescenza: una ricerca cross-nazionale e longitudinale

2009 ◽  
pp. 135-164
Author(s):  
Emanuela Rabaglietti ◽  
Silvia Ciairano
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Network Time ◽  
Depressive Feelings ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

- The study is aimed at constructing a typology of patterns of peer relationships in Italy and the Netherlands and at investigating the longitudinal relationships with beliefs and expectations about relationships and school, psychological discomfort and antisocial and risky behaviour. 439 adolescents of both gender, aged from 15 to 20 years participated at the study. We described four patterns of 158 peer relationships: Isolated (dimension of network, time spent with friends and support perceived by friends were all low), Deep (only perceived support was high; more frequent among girls in both countries), Superficial (only quantitative aspects were high; more frequent among boys), Integrated (both quantitative and qualitative aspects). We found both stability (higher among Superficial and Integrated) and change (higher among Isolated and Deep). The Isolated showed the lowest beliefs and expectations and involvement in risk behaviours, the Deep and the Superficial showed intermediate levels of both beliefs and risk behaviour, and the Integrated showed the highest levels. We also found a great similarity in the links among relational models, beliefs, psychological discomfort and risk behavior in Italian and Dutch adolescents. However, when adopting the same relational model, the Italians perceived higher sense of alienation and depressive feelings and were more involved in lying and disobedience than the Dutch.

scholarly journals Comparação de Metodologias de Migração de Bancos de Dados Relacionais para Bancos Orientados a Documentos

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Souza∗ ◽  
Melise Paula ◽  
Tiago Barros
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Data Migration ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Model Migration ◽  
Active Services

Companies have migrated data from relational databases to NoSQLdatabases to improve their business through more active services ata lower operating cost, especially by the adoption of cloud services.This process is called Data Migration and is considered by someauthors one of the biggest challenges in systems engineering today.Although it is advantageous, the process of migrating data fromthe relational model to NoSQL models is not trivial and has led tothe development of different methodologies for this purpose. Theobjective of this work was to analyze and compare three differentmigration methodologies between Relational and NoSQL DocumentOriented databases under the following aspects: algorithminput, method documentation, migration process and generateddocuments. For that, different relational models were empiricallymigrated using such methodologies, allowing the analysis of theevaluated aspects. The results show that there is no consolidatedway to perform the migration and that the method to be chosendepends on the context of the application. So, scenarios that showwhen to use each method are presented. Although not performingcomputational tests, this work provides suggestions and insightsthrough the evaluation of the migration processes under the theoreticalmodels. It expected that the results presented here will helpIT managers decide on the best data model migration methodologyto follow in their actual projects.

The Multiplicity of I

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Jonardon Ganeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Multiple Personality Disorder ◽  
Unity Of Consciousness ◽  
Multiple Personality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Phenomenal Unity ◽  
Virtual Subjects

If in heteronymic simulation I am a subject other than the subject I am, there are evidently as many other I’s as there are possible acts of simulation. Pessoa, inhabiting countless lives, says that by creating in imagination a multiplicity of virtual subjects, each of which is him, he has ‘ubiquitized’ himself. So he affirms a thesis I will call ‘Subject Plurality’: I am many subjects other than the subject I am. We need, though, to distinguish two versions of this thesis, for it can be read as making either a diachronic claim or a synchronic one. Interpreters of Pessoa have been drawn to present the Pessoan self as a sort of parliament or confederation of souls. Despite Pessoa’s appeal, once, to the metaphor of a colony—and there only in connection with the phenomenal unity of consciousness rather than with reference to the multiplicity of heteronyms—the ‘confederation’ theory is not Pessoa’s. It is a Proustian, not a Pessoan, picture of multiplicity. An appreciation of this distinction is crucial to seeing why Pessoa’s multiplicity of I is not reducible to another mental illness, multiple personality disorder. The distinction between successive and simultaneous subject plurality has found a surprising application: understanding Afrofuturism’s experimentation with multiple sonic selves.

Ideological shift and employees’ relationships: evidence from Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevgen Bogodistov ◽  
Anzhela Lizneva
Keyword(s):  
Relational Model ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Relational Models Theory ◽  
Organizational Levels ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
And Gender ◽  
History Play ◽  
Ideological Transition

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the employees’ identities shift in Ukraine based on the relational model theory. The paper concentrates on the role which culture and history play in the use of relational models in firms on different organizational levels. Design/methodology/approach The proposed hypotheses were tested by multivariate analysis of variance and covariance tests with the data from 99 surveys of Ukrainian firms describing 219 intraorganizational relationships. Findings The results showed that culture and history play a significant role for the preference of a certain relational model. Position in the organization and gender influence the choice of the relational model. Research limitations/implications The sample of only Ukrainian employees restricts generalizability of the results. This study applies relational models theory in business domain and provides an alternative explanation of employees’ identities shift due to cultural differences and ideological past. Relational models are investigated on different organizational levels shedding light on models of relationships employees prefer in different settings. Practical implications Managers working in international settings should pay more attention to patterns of relationships in the target country since they are not freely chosen but partially predestined by the cultural background and the historical and ideological past. Relationships in firms are path dependent, whereby employees inherit models from their peers to apply them to their subordinates. Ukrainian female and male employees have different preferences concerning relational models. Originality/value This study is unique in that it applies an anthropological theory to relationships on different organizational levels and tests it in a business domain of a country in an ideological transition.

The Phenomenal Unity of Consciousness

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
Farid Masrour
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Unity Of Consciousness ◽  
Natural Feature ◽  
Unity Thesis ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
Phenomenal Unity

Philosophical interest in unity of consciousness goes back at least to Kant. A recent revival of interest among analytic philosophers of mind focuses on unity of consciousness, construed as phenomenal unity. This chapter will survey some of the issues and questions that have been central to this recent work before sketching an alternative to what may be seen as a dominant, though implicit, tendency in the recent literature on unity: to formulate the idea that phenomenal unity is a natural feature of consciousness in terms of what the chapter will term the Unity Thesis. According to this thesis, all synchronous experiences of a conscious subject at a moment are phenomenally unified with each other. The chapter then rebuts another trend in recent literature: the tendency to understand phenomenal unity as obtaining in virtue of a type of oneness or singularity. The chapter advances an alternative that sees phenomenal unity as obtaining in virtue of connectivity conditions over relations among phenomenal experiences.

scholarly journals A new grey relational model based on discrete Fourier transform and its application on Chinese marine economic

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Li ◽  
Ya Zhang ◽  
Kedong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Discrete Fourier Transform ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dynamic Correlation ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuation ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Time Sequences

Purpose The traditional grey relational models directly describe the behavioural characteristics of the systems based on the sample point connections. Few grey relational models can measure the dynamic periodic fluctuation rules of the objects, and most of these models do not have affinities, which results in instabilities of the relational results because of sequence translation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Fourier transform functions are used to fit the system behaviour curves, redefine the area difference between the curves and construct a grey relational model based on discrete Fourier transform (DFTGRA). Findings To verify its validity, feasibility and superiority, DFTGRA is applied to research on the correlation between macroeconomic growth and marine economic growth in China coastal areas. It is proved that DFTGRA has the superior properties of affinity, symmetry, uniqueness, etc., and wide applicability. Originality/value DFTGRA can not only be applied to equidistant and equal time sequences but also be adopted for non-equidistant and unequal time sequences. DFTGRA can measure both the global relational degree and the dynamic correlation of the variable cyclical fluctuation between sequences.

scholarly journals Speleonymia Slovenského rudohoria z pohľadu teórie modelovania

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-430
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rožai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Model C ◽  
The Given

The article presents model analysis of non-standardized names of caves and chasms of the Slovenské rudohorie mountains which follows the model analysis of anoikonyms by Jana Pleskalová, as well as the work devoted to modelling of Slovak hydronymy. The model analysis pointed out the dominance of the relational model C which expresses “properties, symptoms (and circumstances)” and the relational model A which is associated with the expression of “position, the location of underground object in the field”. The most common structural model in the given relational models is the two-member ADd+S, consisting of a derivative adjective and a noun such as Jelšavská jaskyňa, Gajdova štôlňa. Relational models (VM) referring to possessivity (VM D), especially to the immediate expression of the type of object (VM B), only have a marginal position in the proposed model analysis.

scholarly journals Fast Relational Probabilistic Inference and Learning: Approximate Counting via Hypergraphs

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 7816-7824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayukh Das ◽  
Devendra Singh Dhami ◽  
Gautam Kunapuli ◽  
Kristian Kersting ◽  
Sriraam Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Probabilistic Inference ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Approximate Counting ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Major Bottleneck

Counting the number of true instances of a clause is arguably a major bottleneck in relational probabilistic inference and learning. We approximate counts in two steps: (1) transform the fully grounded relational model to a large hypergraph, and partially-instantiated clauses to hypergraph motifs; (2) since the expected counts of the motifs are provably the clause counts, approximate them using summary statistics (in/outdegrees, edge counts, etc). Our experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of these approximations, which can be applied to many complex statistical relational models, and can be significantly faster than state-of-the-art, both for inference and learning, without sacrificing effectiveness.

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