Modelli di relazioni con i coetanei e adattamento psicosociale in adolescenza: una ricerca cross-nazionale e longitudinale

2009 ◽  
pp. 135-164
Author(s):  
Emanuela Rabaglietti ◽  
Silvia Ciairano
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Network Time ◽  
Depressive Feelings ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

- The study is aimed at constructing a typology of patterns of peer relationships in Italy and the Netherlands and at investigating the longitudinal relationships with beliefs and expectations about relationships and school, psychological discomfort and antisocial and risky behaviour. 439 adolescents of both gender, aged from 15 to 20 years participated at the study. We described four patterns of 158 peer relationships: Isolated (dimension of network, time spent with friends and support perceived by friends were all low), Deep (only perceived support was high; more frequent among girls in both countries), Superficial (only quantitative aspects were high; more frequent among boys), Integrated (both quantitative and qualitative aspects). We found both stability (higher among Superficial and Integrated) and change (higher among Isolated and Deep). The Isolated showed the lowest beliefs and expectations and involvement in risk behaviours, the Deep and the Superficial showed intermediate levels of both beliefs and risk behaviour, and the Integrated showed the highest levels. We also found a great similarity in the links among relational models, beliefs, psychological discomfort and risk behavior in Italian and Dutch adolescents. However, when adopting the same relational model, the Italians perceived higher sense of alienation and depressive feelings and were more involved in lying and disobedience than the Dutch.

scholarly journals Risk Behaviours Associated with Dating and Relationship Violence among 11–16 Year Olds in Wales: Results from the 2019 Student Health and Wellbeing Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Danielle V. R. Couturiaux ◽  
Honor Young ◽  
Rebecca E. Anthony ◽  
Nicholas Page ◽  
Emily Lowthian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
School Health ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Relationship Violence ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

(1) Background: This study examines the associations between risk behaviours and adolescent emotional and physical dating and relationship violence (DRV) victimisation and perpetration, and how these vary by gender. The risk behaviours explored include bullying, cyberbullying, sexting, alcohol, and cannabis use; (2) Methods: Cross-sectional self-report data from the School Health Research Network (SHRN) 2019 Student Health Wellbeing (SHW) survey of 48,397 students aged 11–16 from 149 schools across Wales were analysed using single and multiple-behaviour logistic regression models to explore the associations between each risk behaviour and emotional and physical DRV victimisation and perpetration; (3) Results: Bivariate analyses revealed a statistically significant association between DRV and all risk behaviours. In multivariate analyses, students who reported bullying, cyberbullying, sexting, and substance use, compared to those that had not, had significantly higher odds of experiencing and perpetrating emotional and physical DRV; and (4) Conclusions: Future studies on DRV should consider a mixed-methods approach to explore the context in which DRV and risk behaviours interrelate. Results from this study indicate the possibility that prevention and intervention programmes in school settings that seek to develop healthy school environments and peer-to-peer relationships, could inadvertently reduce the occurrence of future DRV and associated risk behaviours.

scholarly journals Practice and awareness of health risk behaviour among Egyptian university students

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
A. Refaat
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Health Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge

Health risk behaviour contributes markedly to today’s major killers. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess current awareness and practice of health risk behaviour among Egyptian university students. Only 121 students [18%] were practising risky behaviour. Tobacco use, alcohol and drugs use and risky sexual behaviour were positively correlated. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the main determinants of risky behaviour were being a male, of older age, having a high allowance and having no attention to danger. About 30% of students lacked adequate knowledge on AIDS. Most of those who had sexual relationships did not use contraceptives or any method of protection from sexually transmitted infection. Main sources of knowledge were the media [38%] then peers [30%]

Risk Behaviours in Adolescence: Prediction Cognitive and Psychosocial

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C.M. Sousa Albuquerque ◽  
V.D. Franco ◽  
C.P. Ferreira O Albuquerque ◽  
C.P. Baptista Mota
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Control Locus

This investigation's main goal was to determine if some psychosocial (self-concept, control locus, assertiveness and satisfaction towards social support) and cognitive variables (health beliefs and attitudes towards health) were associated to health related behaviours. The sample was constituted by 829 teenagers, 382 male and 447 female, whose average age is 14.66 years old, who attended the 9th grade of the public and daily schools in the district of Viseu, Portugal.Results:1.Study on the association between health and risk behaviours and psychosocial variables: The better the self-concept, the better the behaviours; The higher the satisfaction with social support, the better the behaviours; The higher the assertiveness, the better the behaviours; The association between control locus and healthy and risk behaviours is not significant.2.Study on the association between health and risk behaviours and cognitive variables: The more favourable the attitudes towards health, the better the behaviours; The more adequate the health beliefs, the better the behaviours.3.Study on the psychosocial variables interaction effects with cognitive variables in health and risk behaviour prediction: The interaction variable was revealed as the best health and risk behaviour predictor is the variable resulting from Factor 1 - behavioural aspect (Self-Concept) and Factor 4 - preventive attitude (Attitudes Towards Health) interaction, with a determination coefficient (R2) of .409. The patterned coefficient analysis Beta (beta=.427) indicates that the higher this interaction effect (F1 - behavioural aspect * F4 - preventive attitude) the better the behaviours.

Risk Taking Behaviour Associated with Alcohol use among College Student

2021 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Puspanjali Mohapatro ◽  
Rashmimala Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
High Risk Behaviour

Objective: This study is designed to examine the risk taking behaviours that are harmful to students at a selected university. In this case, high-risk behaviours have been studied, such as harmful behaviours, coercion, smoke, alcohol contain substance abuse, and drug addiction. Materials and methods: Current study which is a type of descriptive survey research. The sample of this study included 200 students from a selected university in Bhubaneswar, who were selected through a convenient sampling technique. The Self -structured questionnaire tool has been used for a to collect socio demographic variables. A Structured checklist developed to measure risk taking behaviour. For this section rating scale was adopted with score was low risk, medium risk and high risk. In this study, score range 14-28 divided in to 3 scales- Low risk (14-18), Medium (19-24), High (25-28). A behavioural rating scale was used to analyse the behaviour. Results: The results showed that the increase in risky behaviour among students was 87% and higher for boys than girls and 40% for campus students had a higher risk of alcohol use. About 69.5% of the age group 19-27 were involved in alcohol consumption due to level of high living standard, high sources of income and happiness. Conclusion: The results of the study on identification of risky behaviours to precedence among students, by accessing a high-risk behaviour profile will help policymakers accurately identify student behaviours to make plan for promoting health improvements activity, with to linking the group's real needs and challenges.

scholarly journals The importance of relationships in adolescent risk behaviour prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Cooper ◽  
M Lhussier
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours ◽  
Multiple Health

Abstract Health risk behaviours are a key contributing factor to adolescent morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, evidence shows that health behaviours begun in adolescence can impact on wellbeing across the lifespan. Current evidence suggests it is advantageous to target multiple health risk behaviours simultaneously, however efficacy testing remains the key focal point for research, with few studies exploring common underlying causal and contextual factors which may contribute to the success or failure of a programme. Methods This review used a customised realist approach, to explore how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances programmes are most successful in preventing multiple health risk behaviours in adolescents. The review synthesised evidence from published literature, along with qualitative data from stakeholders collected through focus groups with young people (n = 28) and school nurses (n = 22), and interviews with adolescent health and wellbeing practitioners (n = 8). Findings: Across all the realist programme theories developed, the role of relationships was the most commonly occurring theme. This theme goes beyond the expected impact of the relationship between programme deliverers and recipients, and familial and peer attachments, also taking in to consideration the relationships between programme and school leaders and staff, support networks and collaborative relationships between staff, and wider social connectedness within the community. These in turn were impacted upon by wider contextual factors, such as family, community, culture, socioeconomic status, intersectionality, and health inequalities. Conclusions These findings provide important insight in to understanding how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances multiple risk behaviour prevention programmes succeed or fail. Further to this they highlight key areas for consideration in the development of future adolescent public health interventions. Key messages Relationships built on trust and genuine care can improve adolescent risk behaviour prevention outcomes. Broader sociocultural context provide key explanations for variations in programme outcomes.

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study of childhood behaviour problems and adolescent sexual risk-taking: gender matters

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rachel Skinner ◽  
Jennifer Marino ◽  
Susan L. Rosenthal ◽  
Jeffrey Cannon ◽  
Dorota A. Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behaviour Problems ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Unwanted Sex ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Major Predictor

Background Externalising (delinquent, aggressive) and internalising (anxious/depressed, withdrawn) behaviour problems are prevalent in childhood. Few studies have prospectively measured relationships between childhood behaviour problems and adolescent health risk behaviour, a major predictor of morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine relationships, by gender, between childhood behaviour problems and adolescent risky sexual behaviours and substance use. Methods: In a population-based birth cohort [The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study], total, externalising and internalising behaviour problems (domain-specific T ≥ 60) were calculated from parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist at ages 2, 5, 8, 10 and 14 years. At age 17 years, 1200 (49% male) participants reported sexual and substance use activity Results: For both genders, those with earlier externalising behaviour problems were more likely to be sexually active (oral sex or sexual intercourse) by age 17 years. Males with childhood externalising behaviour problems were more likely to have multiple sexual partners by age 17 years than those without such problems [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49–5.86]. Females with childhood externalising behaviour problems were more likely to have had unwanted sex (aOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.04–3.53). Externalising behaviour problems were associated with substance use for both genders. No association was found between internalising behaviour problems and risky behaviour. Conclusions: Externalising behaviour problems from as early as 5 years old in boys and 8 years old in girls predict a range of risky sexual behaviour in adolescence, which has important implications for targeting interventions in adolescence.

scholarly journals Exploring the socio-ecological levels for prevention of sexual risk behaviours of the youth in uMgungundlovu District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelisiwe Khuzwayo ◽  
Myra Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background: Prevention of youth sexual risk behaviour among the youth in uMgungundlovu District Municipality continues to be a primary challenge for public health and health promotion. Current prevention interventions are targeted at an individual level, whilst youth behaviour is influenced by many social and environmental factors.Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the factors influencing sexual risk behaviours of the youth at different socio-ecological levels in uMgungundlovu District Municipality.Methods: An explorative and descriptive qualitative study design was used, using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions for data collection. A framework analysis was used to develop themes derived from the socio-ecological theory.Results: Four themes were identified that influence youth to engage in sexual risk behaviours: (1) individual factors, related to role modelling behaviour, gender and negative stereotypes towards females; (2) the microsystem in which youth function including the influence of family and peers; (3) the exo-system comprising the disadvantaged socio-economic status of the communities where the youth live; and (4) the macrosystem where negative social norms were reported to influence youth health outcomes.Conclusion: Sexual risk behaviour among youth in uMgungundlovu is influenced by many factors at multiple social levels. Interventions directed at these multiple levels are needed urgently.

scholarly journals HIV risk behaviour among psychiatric inpatients: results from a hospital-wide screening study in southern India

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha S Chandra ◽  
Michael P Carey ◽  
Kate B Carey ◽  
P S D V Prasada Rao ◽  
K R Jairam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Risky Behaviour

The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and correlates of sexual risk behaviour among psychiatric inpatients in India. Consecutive inpatients ( n = 618) were assessed using a structured interview and standardized measures. Women were more likely to be sexually active (50%) than men (36%), but equally likely (6% vs 5%) to engage in risky behaviour. Common risk behaviours included having a risky partner, having multiple partners, and exchanging money for sex. Being sexually active was associated with younger age, being married, being diagnosed with a disorder other than schizophrenia, and a history of drug use problems. Engaging in risky sexual behaviour was associated with being male, using tobacco and screening positive for either drug use or alcohol problems. Screening psychiatric patients for HIV risk behaviour can identify those who may benefit from risk reduction programmes.

Seeking sex online: social and sexual risk factors among adolescent and young gay and bisexual men

Sexual Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Shilo ◽  
Zohar Mor
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Gay And Bisexual Men ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background With the increased use of the Internet to seek sex, research has documented its associated sexual risk behaviours, especially among gay and bisexual men. Only a few studies to date have been conducted among adolescent and young men, and these have focussed on behavioural components to do with seeking sex online, without considering the role of same-sex identity formation processes. The current study aimed to identify behavioural and identity formation variables associated with seeking sex online among adolescents and youth. Methods: A web sampling of young Israeli gay and bisexual men aged 12–30 years (n = 445) was used to assess their seeking sex online characteristics, mental health, sexual risk behaviours, substance use, same-sex disclosure and acceptance and coping resources. Results: Nearly half of the sample used the Internet to seek sex, which was correlated with substance use and sexual risk behaviour. Young adults seek for sex online more commonly than adolescents. Higher numbers of: sexual partners, level of outness, levels of friends support and stronger connectedness to the gay community predicted seeking sex online. Seeking sex online was found to be more of predictor for sexual risk behaviour than any other predictor. Conclusions: Seeking sex online is influenced by the gay sub-culture climate and peer group relationships, rather than by social stressor variables related to sexual orientation formation processes, or by the subject’s general mental health condition. These results underscore the possible risks pertaining to seeking sex among gay and bisexual men and the possible use for this venue to convey safe-sex messages to adolescents and young adults.

scholarly journals Exploring the risk behaviour of learners in a South African private Christian secondary school

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Gresse ◽  
Jayne Seaman
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Christian School ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
High School Grades ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Positive Health Outcomes

Adolescent learners tend to express their independence by engaging in risky health behaviour inclusive of poor eating habits, smoking and alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to assess whether adolescents attending a religious school that maintains strict discipline are less likely to engage in risky behaviour. Learners attending a private Christian school were asked to complete a health risk behavioural questionnaire, which measured attitudes toward eating habits, alcohol and drug use, participation in exercise and sexual activity, smoking habits and adherence to Christian values. The sample group consisted of 117 study participants distributed across all high school Grades. On balance, these learners were more conservative than others attending secular schools and most reported healthy eating habits; 92.3% consumed dairy products, 64.1% consumed more than two fruits and 81.2% more than two vegetables per day. More than 78% exercised regularly. Only 10.2% consumed alcohol, 3.4% smoked and 5.2% used recreational drugs. Of all learners, 93.2% indicated their Christian values as having a moderating impact on their lifestyle. The study concludes with the recommendation to investigate ways in which the strategies employed by this Christian school could be promoted to other schools given the finding that Christian values translate into positive health outcomes amongst adolescents. As it seems that the strict Christian education of these learners leads to less risky health behaviour, ways in which to promote this school’s strategies to other schools could be investigated. Opsomming Tienerleerders sal dikwels hul onafhanklikheid in die vorm van onveilige gesondheidsgedrag soos byvoorbeeld swak eetgewoontes, rook and alkoholgebruik uitdruk. Die doelstelling van die studie was om te bepaal of ‘n skool se streng dissipline, wat klem lê op Christelike beginsels, ‘n invloed het op die voorkoming van onveilige gesondheidsgedrag. Alle leerders van ‘n private Christelike hoërskool is versoek om vrywillig ‘n vraelys wat hulle gedrag en houding aangaande eetgewoontes, alkohol- en dwelmgebruik, oefening, seksuele aktiwiteit, rook en Christelike waardes te bepaal. Die steekproefgrootte was 117 en het leerders van alle Grade (8 – 12) ingesluit. Die resultate dui daarop dat hierdie leerders meer konserwatief is as leerders in ander studies. Die meeste het gesonde eetgewoontes gehad; 92.3% gebruik suiwelprodukte, 64.1% eet meer as twee vrugte en 81/2% eet meer as twee groente per dag. Meer as 78% oefen gereeld. Net 10.2% gebruik alkohol, 3.4% rook en 5.2% het al dwelmmiddels gebruik. Van al die leerders het 93.2% geglo dat hulle Christellike waardes ‘n invloed op hulle leefstyl het. Dit wil dus voorkom of die streng Christelike opvoeding van hierdie leerders tot minder onveilige gesondheidsgedrag lei en maniere om die skool se doelwitte by ander skole bekend te stel, behoort ondersoek te word.

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