scholarly journals The Growth of Private Sector and Financial Development in Saudi Arabia

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imdadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Financial Variables ◽  
Oil Sector

In an attempt to diversify itself away from the dominance of oil on its economy, Saudi Arabia needs to emphasize on the growth of its private sector. Currently, the private sector’s contribution to economic growth is meager as the oil sector dominates the economy. This study attempts to assess the role of financial development towards the growth of the private sector. Assessing this relationship is important, as it is quite probable that the dominant oil sector attracts the financial resources, affecting the private sector adversely. Johansen’s method of cointegration is applied on the data for the period 1985–2018. The private sector’s gross domestic product has a negative relation with the supply of money, positive relation with bank credit to private sector, and no significant relationship with share market capitalization, as shown by the results of the study. In addition, the private sector’s growth has a positive and significant relationship with government expenditure, investment, and trade openness. Hence, the study recommends further strengthening of financial sector services. Besides the current trend on government expenditure, investment and trade openness should continue to enable the private sector to contribute significantly to the economic growth of the country. A previous study on the private sector’s growth and financial variables is exclusively missing, and makes this study unique.

scholarly journals The Relation between Tourism and Economic Growth: A Case of Saudi Arabia as an Emerging Tourism Destination

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Lamia Jamel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Test

This paper examines empirically the relation between tourism and economic growth in Saudi Arabia. The authors try to justify how tourism contributes to the economic growth of Saudi Arabia. There are applied descriptive statistics, unit root test, VAR model and Granger Causality test as an econometric methodology to examine the connection between tourism and economic growth in Saudi Arabia for the annual data in the period from 1990 to 2018. The main empirical results of the study find out that tourism affects positively the economic growth in Saudi Arabia. Also, there is found a positive nexus among tourism and economic growth. Furthermore, CO2 emissions and financial development impact positively the tourism sector, while trade openness predicts a negative effect on tourism. Additionally, CO2 emissions, financial development, and trade openness have a positive impact on economic growth in Saudi Arabia. Finally, the Granger causality test provides evidence of bidirectional nexus between tourism and economic growth in Saudi Arabia. This paper contributes to the current research by explaining the causal nexus among tourism and economic growth in Saudi Arabia during the period from 1990 to 2018, applying a vector autoregressive model and Granger Causality.

التطور المالي وتأثيره في النمو الاقتصادي في العراق

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (66) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
أ.م.د. ابتسام علي حسين ◽  
أ.م د. بدر شحدة حمدان
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Financial Variables ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research is to measure the impact of financial development on economic growth in Iraq using the annual time series for the period 2004-2018 for a number of monetary and financial variables (money supply in the broad sense / GDP, capital accumulation rate / GDP and the ratio of credit granted to the private sector / GDP) expressing the development in the financial sector in Iraq, and this period was chosen in line with the relatively high rates of economic growth witnessed in Iraq, and the study used descriptive and quantitative approaches in order to build an appropriate standard model to measure the impact of financial development on economic growth in Iraq, and the method of time series analysis was used. The results showed that the economic variables contain the unit root, and the variables become stable after the first differences, and this was followed by subjecting the variables to the joint integration test by the Johansson method, which proved the existence of four vectors for the joint integration between the research variables, and the results of the joint integration showed that there is a long-term relationship between the variables The subject of the research, as the causation test of Granger concluded that there is a unilateral trend of causation from the financial variables to the variable of economic growth, and the research found the existence of an effect of each of (broad-sense money supply / GDP, and the ratio of credit granted to the private sector / GDP) on economic growth in Iraq, while the rate of capital accumulation / GDP was not statistically significant. In light of the previous results, the research recommends the following: The necessity of directing domestic credit to productive investments by paying attention to the rate of capital accumulation that is directed to local investments and attracting foreign investments by providing a safe and stable legislative environment that helps financial liberalization for the purpose of increasing economic growth rates in Iraq..

scholarly journals How does Financial Development and Petroleum Price cause Trade Openness in Pakistan?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Damian Honey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
The Past ◽  
Petroleum Price ◽  
Yearly Data

In the past financial development and petroleum prices have been identified as acrucial factor influencing economic growth. This provoked us to explore the way financial development and petroleum prices influence the trade openness in Pakistan. The sample of yearly data is collected from 1980 to 2016 in order to apply ARDL cointegration method. Our results reflect the presence of long term cointegration between trade openness and its factors. This suggest that with the rise in credit in private sector there is eventual impact on imports and exports whereas the international petroleum prices also impact the same by pushing the prices of goods. Hence it is recommended that hedging the oil prices and the expansion of credit in Pakistan is worthwhile in terms of trade openness.

scholarly journals Relationship between Financial Development and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafnida Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Push Forward ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper to examine the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Indonesia by using data from 1986 until 2014. Johansen co-integration and Granger causality are utilized to analyze the data. The financial development is measured by the ratio of broad money and other control variables such as trade openness and government expenditure. The finding indicates that there is long run relationship between financial development and economic growth. Meanwhile, a unidirectional relationship had been found, it come from economic growth to financial development. Therefore, a policy to increase economic growth will push forward in proper to improve financial development in Indonesia.

Do Financial Development, Trade Openness and Political Stability Complement for Egypt’s Economic Growth?

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150001
Author(s):  
Zakaria Yakubu ◽  
Nanthakumar Loganathan ◽  
Narayan Sethi ◽  
Asan Ali Golam Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The Political ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

This study examines the complement of financial development, trade openness, political stability and integrating government expenditure on Egyptian economy using time series annual data covering the period 1977 until 2018. This study used the ARDL-ECM estimates to determine the long and short-run cointegration between the series. The estimated results indicated that the financial development enhances growth in the long-run, while the political stability undermined the economic growth in the long-run. Interestingly, we found financial development, trade openness and government expenditure Granger cause economic growth in the short-run, while political stability Granger causes economic growth in both short and long-run; and a similar result with the causal relationship appeared in the strong causal relationship condition. Overall, this study showed that both financial development and trade openness gave evidence of causing growth, but the political stability does not. Thus, the reform policies should continue, while adopting measures to ensure that all the determinants are complementing to growth in Egypt as they are all pivotal and it is imperative for policy analysts to put into perspective when formulating policies as the study captures a novel political stability variable towards growth.

scholarly journals Does the Vision 2030 and Value Added Tax Leads to Sustainable Economic Growth: The Case of Saudi Arabia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11090
Author(s):  
Suleman Sarwar ◽  
Dalia Streimikiene ◽  
Rida Waheed ◽  
Ashwag Dignah ◽  
Asta Mikalauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
The Impact

The motivation behind the current research is to check the effect of the recent introduction of value added tax (VAT) and Vision 2030 on the economy of Saudi Arabia. To check this, those variables are added to the analysis which contribute to economic development including labor, capital, oil price, financial development, and trade openness to examine that how economic transformation affects the role of these variables in economic growth. According to the vector error correction (VEC) model, the impact of labor becomes negative after VAT, however, the impact of capital and financial development becomes significant by this transformation. The coefficients of oil prices, for positive and negative shocks, are significant and negative. Financial development and trade openness are reporting surprising results; positive shocks have shown negative coefficients. However, after Vision 2030, trade openness has a significant and positive coefficient. Policy implications include diversification of exports, reviving the private financing mechanism and restructuring the export/import policies.

scholarly journals Unemployment and Economic Growth in Saudi Arabia 2000-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alotaibi Mohamed Meteb
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Real Value

The objective of this paper concentrates on determining the relationship between unemployment and economic growth in Saudi Arabia for the period 2000-2015 in order to explanation of the employment, unemployment level and its determinants to increase the employment level and avoiding the harmful effects of unemployment problems. The question to be raised is does recruitment rely on the public sector? Does the creation of job opportunities in the state’s public sector have a negative or positive effect on the private sector through the effect of withdrawing its specialized technical cadres? Is the private sector growth real or illusive? Is the economic growth adequate to reduce the unemployment rate among Saudis? The results obtained show that, there are a positive relationships between the employment and real income, real investment, real government expenditure and real value of exports. On the other hand, there are negative relationships between employment and the real value of imports. The economic growth was not adequate in reducing the unemployment rate among Saudis. There is a reversal relationship between unemployment rates and the economic growth which does not effectively work in the Saudi economy. Saudis prefer to work with government sector not in private sector; Government must stimulate Saudis to work in private sector. This paper used the annual data from 2000 to 2015 for Saudi Arabia. All data in this paper was obtained from Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) and World Bank Development Indicator.

scholarly journals PENGARUH FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDO

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Nia Putri Kunanti ◽  
Melti Roza Adry
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Private Credit ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to determine how the influence of financial development on economic growth in Indonesia. Financial development indicators are M2 money supply, bank assets, private credit and trade openness. Where inflation and trade openness as a control variable and economic growth as the dependent variable. The data used in this study are secondary data from 2005 quarter 1 to 2018 quarter 4 which were collected through documentation and related agencies. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis and error correction models. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the money supply M2 has a negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia; (2) Bank assets have a negative effect on economic growth in Indonesia; (3) Private credit has a positive effect on economic growth in Indonesia; (4)) trade openness has a positive effect on economic growth in Indonesia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document