scholarly journals A Study on the Development of Carbon Fiber with Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Performance and Sizing Removal State Measurement Algorithm Using Image Processing

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 3128
Author(s):  
Joon-Ho Cho
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Dry Coating ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
State Measurement ◽  
Method Of Solution

In this paper, nickel-plated carbon fiber was fabricated by a dry process method to improve electromagnetic wave shielding performance. In general, carbon fiber is wrapped in a polymer type in manufacturing and is used after removing the sizing in the pretreatment step for dry coating. The existing sizing removal method was used by removing only with a solution or only with compressed air. In this paper, the method of solution and compressed air (hybrid) was added. The state in which the sizing was removed was determined only by the know-how of the experienced person, and in this paper, it is proposed to represent the numerical value by applying the image processing surface analysis technique. As a result, it was possible to numerically indicate that the hybrid method was excellent among the sizing removal methods and it was possible to manufacture the nickel-plated carbon fibers (30 μm, 40 μm, and 100 μm) by a roll-to-roll sputtering method on the sizing-removed spreading carbon fiber roll. The electromagnetic wave shielding performance of 100 nickel-coated carbon fiber measured by the Korea Testing Laboratory showed the highest electromagnetic wave shielding performance from 66.7 (dB) to 73.2 (dB). This is similar to the electromagnetic wave shielding rate of copper, so it can be used as a cable for EV/HEV vehicles, and it is expected to have a great effect of improving the bending characteristics and disconnection phenomenon and improving the lifespan compared to the existing copper wire.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Solenoid Compressed Hybrid Air Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2154-2160
Author(s):  
Dr. Akhilendra Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Magnetic Field

As we are moving towards the developed country, the need of fossil fuel is increasing day by day with increasing population. We need alternative to replace fossil fuel. In IC engine, the chemical energy get converted into mechanical energy, i.e., the low grade energy get converted into high grade energy. The IC engine we use cause more pollution. So to overcome this problem, the electromagnetic force and compressed air is use to run the engine. The solenoid compressed hybrid air engine which uses electric energy and compressed air to run, can replace the use of IC engine. As we pass current through the copper wire winding, the magnetic field generated near the copper wire. The polarity of the magnetic field can vary according to the current. The magnet attached at the piston get attracted up as the polarity of permanent magnet and this force is transferred to the connecting rod and crankshaft assembly, which transfer the reciprocating motion of piston into rotating motion of crankshaft and finally the flywheel. The electromagnetic engine should be more compatible. The electromagnetic engine does not require extra components like cam follower, valves, fuel pump, injectors, fuel tank etc. The strength of magnetic force can be increase by varying the input voltage and current.

Electromagnetic properties of three-dimensional woven carbon fiber fabric/epoxy composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (20) ◽  
pp. 2353-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fan ◽  
Dan-dan Li ◽  
Jia-lu Li ◽  
Juan-zi Li ◽  
Lin-jia Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Fabric ◽  
Fiber Fabric ◽  
Wave Properties

To investigate the reinforcement architectures effect on the electromagnetic wave properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, three-dimensional (3D) interlock woven fabric/epoxy composites, 3D interlock woven fabric with stuffer warp/epoxy composites, and 3D orthogonal woven fabric/epoxy composites were studied by the free-space measurement system. The results showed that the three types of 3D woven carbon fiber fabric/epoxy composites had a slight difference in electromagnetic wave properties and the absorption was their dominant radar absorption mechanism. The electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the three types of composites were more than 90% (below −10 dB) over the 11.2–18 GHz bandwidth, and more than 60% (below −4 dB) over the 8–12 GHz bandwidth. Compared with unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics, the three kinds of 3D woven carbon fiber fabric/epoxy composites exhibited better electromagnetic wave absorption properties over a broadband frequency range of 8–18 GHz. Therefore, the three kinds of 3D woven composite are expected to be used as radar absorption structures due to their excellent mechanical properties and outstanding absorption capacity. The total electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of the three types of 3D carbon fiber woven composites are all larger than 46 dB over the 8–12 GHz bandwidth, which is evidence that the three types of 3D carbon fiber woven composites can be used as excellent shielding materials for electromagnetic interference.

Electromagnetic Wave Shieding Effectiveness of Carbon Fiber Sheet Coated Ferrite Film by Microwave-Hydrothermal Process

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1235-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Ichi Murakami ◽  
Hidetoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Chan Kong Kim ◽  
Cheol Mun Yim ◽  
Yun Hae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Ferrite Film ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Microwave Hydrothermal ◽  
Fiber Sheet ◽  
Coated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Fiber Sheet

The developments of electromagnetic wave shielding materials are strongly required because the malfunction of electronic equipment, mobile phone and wireless LAN avoids. In this study, it was investigated that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of carbon fiber sheets were enhanced by the ferrite which was coated by the microwave hydrothermal process. For coated carbon fiber sheet, the effects of ferrite and lamination of carbon fiber textile on the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness were discussed. In the range of frequency (100 – 1 GHz), the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness was measured by using TEM-Cell. The electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness was greater for the coated carbon fiber sheets than for the uncoated carbon fiber sheets. When the insulation film was located between two carbon fiber sheets, the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness increased.

Thermochemical erosion and thermophysical properties of phenolic resin/carbon fiber/graphite nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 1814-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samire Sabagh ◽  
Ahmad Arefazar ◽  
Ahmad Reza Bahramian
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powders ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Short Carbon

The main objective of this work is an experimental investigation and an analytical modeling of ablation and to analyze the thermophysical properties of nanocomposites based on novolac resin/short carbon fiber/graphite nanocrystalline powders in oxyacetylene flame test. The composite consisting of 40 wt.% carbon fiber was prepared as reference sample of which matrix was modified with three different percentages (6, 9 and 12 wt.%) of nano-sized graphite powders as reinforcement. Ablation is calculated by mass balance equation. Some parameters in the ablation modeling are evaluated by simultaneous thermal gravimetric analysis technique. Results of this work show that ablation rates decrease by the addition of graphite powders. The theoretical ablation rates are 33–38% less than the experimental data analyzed by oxyacetylene flame tests. This difference is reasonable because the effect of fluid stream force of oxyacetylene flame that causes the thermomechanical erosion of the surface is omitted in theoretical calculations. Therefore the model only calculates thermochemical erosion. Also, the thermophysical properties change due to heating is analyzed. Moreover, in nanocomposite with 9 wt.% graphite nanopowders, the rate of ablation and thermal diffusivity coefficient decreased by 10% and 50%, respectively, and thermal stability increased by 12% compared to the reference sample.

Preparation and properties of multifunctional nylon 6 composite material

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (26) ◽  
pp. 2707-2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Chiu-Chun ◽  
Jen Chyi-Wen ◽  
Chang Yuh-Shyang ◽  
Huang Kuo-Shien
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Osmotic Concentration

We considered polyamide 6 as a base material for a composite and added improved tourmaline and carbon fiber to manufacture a material that could release negative ions and resist electromagnetic waves. Through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses, we verified that the improved tourmaline could disperse homogeneously in the base material, whose thermal properties improved as the content of tourmaline increased. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the added tourmaline and carbon fiber complemented the conductive network of the composite material. A negative ion detector and an infrared thermal imaging system both revealed that with an appropriate tourmaline content, the negative ion release properties of the composite material could reach 2020 units cm−3 with a difference in temperature of up to 7.54°C. Analyses by a four-point probe low-resistance tester and electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness tester demonstrated that the osmotic concentration was approximately 4%, and the surface resistivity was high, up to 1.04 × 107 Ω cm−1, reaching the range of static dissipative materials (106–1012 Ω cm−1). The maximum electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness was as high as 30 dB MHz−1.

A Novel, Label-Free Method for Quantifying Collagen Fibril Formation and Degradation Using DIC Microscopy, Electromagnetic Wave Theory, and Image Processing

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan P. Flynn ◽  
Amit Bhole ◽  
Charles DiMarzio ◽  
Jeffrey W. Ruberti
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Collagen Fibril ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Averaging Methods ◽  
Rate Kinetics ◽  
Dic Microscopy

Methods to assay fibrillar growth and degradation at sub-light scales include: fluorescence assays using FITC-collagen or FRAP, destructive preparation and measurement using electron microscopy, and light occlusion methods including turbidity and absorption methods. Many of these methods require the outright destruction, or at least modification via labelling, of the sample in question. This requirement can slow experimentation and introduce additional variability or even alter the reaction rate kinetics. The two methods (absorption and turbidity) which are label-free are bulk averaging methods and cannot isolate subsets of fibrils (e.g. fibrils under load).

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