scholarly journals Two-Stage Pretreatment to Improve Saccharification of Oat Straw and Jerusalem Artichoke Biomass

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Dziekońska-Kubczak ◽  
Joanna Berłowska ◽  
Piotr Dziugan ◽  
Piotr Patelski ◽  
Maria Balcerek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Oat Straw ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pretreated Biomass

Pretreatment is a necessary step when lignocellulosic biomass is to be converted to simple sugars; however single-stage pretreatment is often insufficient to guarantee full availability of polymeric sugars from raw material to hydrolyzing enzymes. In this work, the two-stage pretreatment with use of acid (H2SO4, HNO3) and alkali (NaOH) was applied in order to increase the susceptibility of Jerusalem artichoke stalks (JAS) and oat straw (OS) biomass on the enzymatic attack. The effect of the concentration of reagents (2% and 5% w/v) and the order of acid and alkali sequence on the composition of remaining solids and the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated. It was found that after combined pretreatment process, due to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin, the content of cellulose in pretreated biomass increased to a large extent, reaching almost 90% d.m. and 95% d.m., in the case of JAS and OS, respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis of solids remaining after pretreatment resulted in the formation of up to 45 g/L of glucose, for both JAS and OS. The highest glucose yield was achieved after pretreatment with 5% nitric acid followed by NaOH, and 90.6% and 97.6% of efficiency were obtained, respectively for JAS and OS.

Improving the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus residues with a modified aqueous ammonia soaking method

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Huo ◽  
Qiulin Yang ◽  
Guigan Fang ◽  
Qiujuan Liu ◽  
Chuanling Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia Soaking ◽  
Guaiacyl Lignin ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Eucalyptus residues from pulp mill were pretreated with aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) method to improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimized condition of AAS was obtained by response surface methodology. Meanwhile, hydrogen peroxide was introduced into the AAS system to modify the AAS pretreatment (AASP). The results showed that a fermentable sugar yield of 64.96 % was obtained when the eucalypt fibers were pretreated at the optimal conditions, with 80 % of ammonia (w/w) for 11 h and keeping the temperature at 90 °C. In further research it was found that the addition of H2O2 to the AAS could improve the pretreatment efficiency. The delignification rate and enzymatic digestibility were increased to 64.49 % and 73.85 %, respectively, with 5 % of hydrogen peroxide being used. FTIR analysis indicated that most syringyl and guaiacyl lignin and a trace amount of xylan were degraded and dissolved during the AAS and AASP pretreatments. The CrI of the raw material was increased after AAS and AASP pretreatments, which was attributed to the removal of amorphous portion. SEM images showed that microfibers were separated and explored from the initial fiber structure after AAS pretreatment, and the AASP method could improve the destructiveness of the fiber surface.

Optimization of steam pretreatment conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fokko Schütt ◽  
Jürgen Puls ◽  
Bodo Saake
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Steam Refining ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Steam refining was investigated as a pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood from a short rotation plantation. The experiments were carried out without debarking to use an economically realistic raw material. Steam refining conditions were varied in the range of 3–30 min and 170–220°C, according to a factorial design created with the software JMP from SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. Predicted steaming conditions for highest glucose and xylose yields after enzymatic hydrolysis were at 210°C and 15 min. Control tests under the optimized conditions verified the predicted results. Further pretreatments without bark showed that the enzymes were not significantly inhibited by the bark. The yield of glucose and xylose was 61.9% of theoretical for the experiments with the whole raw material, whereas the yield for the experiments without bark was 63.6%. Alkaline extraction of lignin from the fibers before enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in an increase of glucose yields from mild pretreated fibers and a decrease for severe pretreated fibers. The extracted lignin had a high content of xylose of up to 14% after very mild pretreatments. On the other hand, molecular weights of the extracted lignin increased substantially after pretreatments with a severity factor above 4. Hence, alkaline extraction of the lignin seems only attractive in a narrow range of steaming conditions.

Two-stage fungal biopulping for improved enzymatic hydrolysis of wood

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (17) ◽  
pp. 8011-8016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Giles ◽  
Emily R. Galloway ◽  
Gloria D. Elliott ◽  
Matthew W. Parrow
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Calcium peroxide pretreatment to facilitate the delignification and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youshan Sun ◽  
Xuyang Zhang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Meiyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Enzymatic Digestibility ◽  
Calcium Peroxide ◽  
Glucose Recovery ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Calcium peroxide (CaO2) pretreatment was employed to remove lignin and subsequently facilitate enzymatic digestibility of wheat straw. An optimal condition was obtained at 130°C for 10 min with 0.35 g CaO2/g dried material of wheat straw and a 1:8 solid-liquid ratio. Under this condition, 57.8% of initial lignin, 7.2% of initial glucan, and 30.6% of initial xylan were removed from CaO2 pretreatment, respectively, meanwhile, a glucose recovery of 90.6 % and a xylose recovery of 65.9 % were obtained from the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of treated wheat straw, respectively. CaO2 pretreatment was proved to be a very effective method in delignification and improving enzymatic digestibility. Compared to raw material, the complex structure of lignocellulose was drastically disrupted with a wide emergence of scaly bulges and fully exposed microfibers, which still retained in the solid.

scholarly journals Effects of combined pretreatment of dilute acid pre-extraction and chemical-assisted mechanical refining on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 10207-10214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Qingxi Hou ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Mechanical Refining ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The combined pretreatment of dilute acid pre-extraction and mechanical refining significantly improved the enzymatic hydrolysis performance of lignocellulosic biomass.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of process parameters on the yield of fermentable sugar from red cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) peels via acid and enzyme hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 061-069
Author(s):  
Onoh Ikechukwu Maxwell ◽  
Anho Lawrence Oghenerivwe ◽  
Egwuagu Onyekachi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Fermentative Process

The aim of this work is to study the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of cocoyam peels using HCl, H2S04 acids and cellulase enzyme. The cellulase was secreted from Aspergillus Niger (A. niger) fungi. The proximate analysis of the substrate showed that cocoyam peel is a lignocellulosic biomass with a cellulose composition of 48%. The effect of the process parameters (time, temperature, acid concentration and pH) on the yield of glucose in acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of the cocoyam peel was respectively investigated. Maximum glucose yield of 44.5% was obtained after 3 days of enzymatic hydrolysis at 30°C and pH 5. The HCl acid hydrolysis showed a maximum glucose yield of 27.3% at 70°C, 5% HCl after 180 minutes. The glucose yield in H2S04 hydrolysis was relatively lower than that of the HCl with a maximum yield of 26.5% at 70°C, 5% H2SO4 after 180 minutes. In addition to, the functional groups present in the glucose synthesized from cocoyam ground peels and the standard glucose were evaluated using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR). The FTIR results showed similarities in the functional groups present in both sugars. Cocoyam peel can be used for the production of glucose and further fermentative process to produce ethanol.

scholarly journals Saccharification Yield through Enzymatic Hydrolysis of the Steam-Exploded Pinewood

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Nazli Borand ◽  
Asli Isler Kaya ◽  
Filiz Karaosmanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Steam Explosion Pretreatment ◽  
Saccharification Yield ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Pressure, temperature, and retention time are the most studied parameters in steam explosion pretreatment. However, this work aimed to fix these parameters and to evaluate the influences of several less investigated steam explosion parameters on the saccharification yield in hydrolysis. In this study, firstly, pinewood samples smaller than 200 µm were treated with steam explosion at 190 °C for 10 min. The variable parameters were biomass loading, N2 pressure, and release time. Steam-exploded samples were hydrolyzed with the Trichoderma reesei enzyme for saccharification for 72 h. The sugar content of the resultant products was analyzed to estimate the yield of sugars (such as glucose, xylose, galactose, mannose, and arabinose). The best glucose yield in the pulp was achieved with 4 g of sample, N2 pressure of 0.44 MPa, and short release time (22 s). These conditions gave a glucose yield of 97.72% in the pulp, and the xylose, mannose, galactose, and arabinose yields in the liquid fraction were found to be 85.59%, 87.76%, 86.43%, and 90.3%, respectively.

Hydrolysis of S. platensis Using Sulfuric Acid for Ethanol Production

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
Megawati ◽  
Astrilia Damayanti ◽  
Radenrara Dewi Artanti Putri ◽  
Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy Bahlawan ◽  
Astika Arum Dwi Mastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

S. platensis is a microalga that contains carbohydrate composition of 30.21% which makes it potential to be used as raw material for ethanol production. Hydrolysis of S. platensis is the first step for converting its carbohydrates into monosaccharides. The second step is fermentation of monosaccharides into ethanol. This research aims to study the effect of temperature and microalgae concentration on the hydrolysis of S. platensis using sulfuric acid as catalyst. This research was conducted using 300 mL sulfuric acid of 2 mol/L, hydrolysis temperatures of 70, 80 and 90 °C, and microalgae concentrations of 20, 26.7, and 33.3 g/L. The effect of temperature is significant in the hydrolysis of S. platensis using sulfuric acid. At microalgae concentration of 20 g/L and hydrolysis time of 35 minutes, the higher the temperatures (70, 80, and 90 °C), the more the glucose yields would be (8.9, 13.5, and 22.9%). This temperature effect got stronger when the hydrolysis was running for 15 minutes. Every time the hydrolysis temperature increased by 10 °C, the glucose yield increased by 13.0% at microalgae concentration of 33.3 g/L. At temperature of 90 °C and time of 35 minutes, the higher the microalgae concentrations (20, 26.7, and 33.3 g/L), the higher the glucose yields would be (25.5, 27.7, and 28.2%). The highest glucose concentration obtained was 2.82 g/L at microalgae concentration of 33.3 g/L, temperature of 90 °C, and time of 35 minutes.

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