scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Effects of the Potato Starch on the Biogas Produced from the Anaerobic Digestion of Potato Wastes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alrefai ◽  
A.M. Alrefai ◽  
K.Y. Benyounis ◽  
J. Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Potato Peels

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has undergone many developments since its first appearance. Despite that, there are still some environmental and economical obstacles that are limiting its sustainability. On the other hand, different types of starch have proven their effectiveness in some different applications. Food processing industries are considered one of the largest generators of waste in the environment. With an aid of the response surface methodology (RSM), the proposed study aimed to find an optimised way to overcome the obstacles by studying the impacts of the starch isolated from the potato peels on the biogas produced from the AD of potato peels before and after starch separation. The study found that potato peels represented approximately 12.5% of the potato total weight. The starch has only a slight influence on the quantity of the biogas produced and much lower influences on its quality. This finding suggests further investigation is required on the production of starch bio-based products simultaneously with the biogas and bio-slurry, which may mitigate environmental influences and economical obstacles of AD and make it more commercially attractive. The study showed also that the highest energy gain by the g-VS/0.2 L of potato peels was 62.9% at 35 °C, 1.62 g-VS/0.2 L organic concentration and 50% sludge concentration, which yielded a maximum CH4 of 72.4%.

scholarly journals Optimization of antifungal edible pregelatinized potato starch-based coating formulations by response surface methodology to extend postharvest life of ‘Orri’ mandarins

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 110394
Author(s):  
Lourdes Soto-Muñoz ◽  
Lluís Palou ◽  
Maricruz Argente-Sanchis ◽  
Miguel Angel Ramos-López ◽  
María B. Pérez-Gago
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Coating Formulations

The influence of some physical characteristics of the milking machine on the rate of new mastitis infections

1973 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Thiel ◽  
Carol L. Cousins ◽  
D. R. Westgarth ◽  
F. K. Neave
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vacuum Fluctuations ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Do So

SummaryLarge differences in new infection rates occurred with half-udder milking machines in which one half of the cluster operated substantially free from vacuum fluctuations while the other half was subjected to various combinations of different types of fluctuation in vacuum. To increase the rate of new infection all teats were contaminated before and after each milking by immersion in a suspension of Streptococcus agalactiae and Str. dysgalactiae. A series of short-duration trials indicated that neither irregular nor cyclic fluctuations in vacuum acting alone were able to increase new infection rate. However, either the Nyhan and Cowhig irregular fluctuation, or a variant of it in combination with cyclic fluctuations in vacuum, was able to do so under the particular experimental conditions used.

scholarly journals Application of Electrocoagulation for the Removal of Color from Institutional Wastewater: Analysis with Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-479
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Electrode Combination ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Central Composite

The removal percentage of color from institutional wastewater was studied using an electrocoagulation process with different electrode combination at the anode and cathode. This was done by considering operational parameters such as pH at (3, 6 and 9), current at (0.03A, 0.06A and 0.09A) and reaction time at (20, 40 and 60 minutes). When electrode combined in the form of Al-Al (anode-Cathode/Cathode-Anode) and Fe-Fe (anode-Cathode/Cathode-Anode) the percentage removal of color was up to 95.50% and 97.24% respectively. On the other hand around 98.03% and 91.95% of color was removed when Al-Fe (Anode-Cathode) and Fe-Al (Anode-Cathode) combined at pH 9 and 60 minutes of reaction time respectively. Central composite design from response surface methodology was used up to analysis the statistical and mathematical data based on experimental results such as the model was significant for all electrode combinations. Similarly a quadratic model was used for further study of operational effects on the removal (%) of color from institutional wastewater. The value of coefficient of the determination (R2) also indicated the model was a good fit as well as optimization was done by Response Surface Methodology.

scholarly journals Applying the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Approach to Predict the Tractive Performance of an Agricultural Tractor during Semi-Deep Tillage

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Mohammad Askari ◽  
Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh ◽  
Ebrahim Taghinezhad ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed El El Shal ◽  
Rashad Hegazy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Vertical Load ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rsm Model ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the response surface methodology (RSM) approach to predict the tractive performance of an agricultural tractor during semi-deep tillage operations. The studied parameters of tractor performance, including slippage (S), drawbar power (DP) and traction efficiency (TE), were affected by two different types of tillage tool (paraplow and subsoiler), three different levels of operating depth (30, 40 and 50 cm), and four different levels of forward speed (1.8, 2.3, 2.9 and 3.5 km h−1). Tractors drove a vertical load at two levels (225 kg and no weight) in four replications, forming a total of 192 datapoints. Field test results showed that all variables except vertical load, and different combinations of this and other variables, were effective for the S, DP and TE. Increments in speed and depth resulted in an increase and decrease in S and TE, respectively. Additionally, the RSM approach displayed changes in slippage, drawbar power and traction efficiency, resulting from alterations in tine type, depth, speed and vertical load at 3D views, with high accuracy due to the graph’s surfaces, with many small pixels. The RSM model predicted the slippage as 6.75%, drawbar power as 2.23 kW and traction efficiency as 82.91% at the optimal state for the paraplow tine, with an operating depth of 30 cm, forward speed of 2.07 km h−1 and a vertical load of 0.01 kg.

scholarly journals Removal of Nickel Ions from Aqueous Solutions by 2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Itaconic Acid Hydrogels Optimized with Response Surface Methodology

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Katarina Antić ◽  
Antonije Onjia ◽  
Dana Vasiljević-Radović ◽  
Zlate Veličković ◽  
Simonida Lj. Tomić
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Before And After

The adsorption of Ni2+ ions from water solutions by using hydrogels based on 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and itaconic acid (IA) was studied. Hydrogel synthesis was optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The hydrogel with the best adsorption capacity towards Ni2+ ions was chosen for further experiments. The hydrogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis before and after the adsorption of Ni2+ ions. Batch equilibrium experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of solution pH, hydrogel weight, ionic strength, adsorption time, temperature and initial concentration of nickel ions on the adsorption. Time-dependent adsorption fitted the best to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. A thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption was an exothermic and non-spontaneous process. Five isotherm models were studied, and the best fit was obtained with the Redlich–Peterson model. Consecutive adsorption/desorption studies indicated that the HEA/IA hydrogel can be efficiently used as a sorbent for the removal of Ni2+ ions from the water solution. This study develops a potential adsorbent for the effective removal of trace nickel ions.

Response Surface Methodology as an Optimization Tool for Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio ◽  
Wilmar Alexander Torres-López ◽  
Patricia Torres-Lozada
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Food Waste

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Methane Production from Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oily-Biological Sludge and Sugarcane Bagasse

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho ◽  
Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba ◽  
Azmatullah Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Methane Bacteria

Oily-biological sludge (OBS) generated from petroleum refineries has high toxicity. Therefore, it needs an appropriate disposal method to reduce the negative impacts on the environment. The anaerobic co-digestion process is an effective method that manages and converts organic waste to energy. For effective anaerobic digestion, a co-substrate would be required to provide a suitable environment for anaerobic bacteria. In oily-biological sludge, the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and volatile solids (VS) content are very low. Therefore, it needs to be digested with organic waste that has a high C/N ratio and high VS content. This study investigates the use of sugarcane bagasse (SB) as an effective co-substrate due to its high C/N ratio and high VS content to improve the anaerobic co-digestion process with oily-biological sludge. The sugarcane bagasse also helps to delay the toxicity effect of the methane bacteria. Batch anaerobic co-digestion of oily-biological sludge was conducted with sugarcane bagasse as a co-substrate in twelve reactors with two-liter capacity, each under mesophilic conditions. The interaction effect of a C/N ratio of 20-30 and a VS co-substrate/VS inoculum ratio of 0.06-0.18 on the methane yield (mL CH4/g VSremoved) was investigated. Before the anaerobic digestion, thermochemical pre-treatment of the inoculum and co-substrate was conducted using sodium hydroxide to balance their acidic nature and provide a suitable pH environment for methane bacteria. Design and optimization for the mixing ratios were carried out by central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). The highest predicted methane yield was found to be 63.52 mL CH4/g VSremoved, under optimum conditions (C/N ratio of 30 and co-substrate/inoculum ratio of 0.18).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document