scholarly journals “Leaky Bucket” of Kazakhstan’s Power Grid: Losses and Inefficient Distribution of Electric Power

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Velinov ◽  
Yelena Petrenko ◽  
Elena Vechkinzova ◽  
Igor Denisov ◽  
Luis Ochoa Siguencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
National Study ◽  
Administrative Monopoly ◽  
Leaky Bucket ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to determine and explain the main factors for power losses (the so-called “leaky bucket” effect) in Kazakhstan and the reasons for inefficient energy distribution within the country. Energy efficiency in Kazakhstan is much lower compared to more economically developed countries. The differences between energy efficiency in various regions of Kazakhstan are also significant. This article explores the impact of administrative monopoly tariffs on the regional energy efficiency, based on a national study conducted in Kazakhstan in 2017. The purpose of the study was to identify the administrative barriers and their impact on the sustainability of enterprise development. What hinders the distribution of energy resources among different regions is artificial barriers in the energy market and the administrative tariff monopoly for electric power. This leads to the inefficient distribution of resources throughout the country. In addition, it is difficult to leverage low distribution efficiency in the absence of a market. The authors attempt to prove that the magnitude of administrative barriers directly affects the efficiency and competitiveness of business, as well as the final prices of goods and services for the end consumer.

scholarly journals The Impact of Investment in Human Capital on the Exports of Goods and Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-192
Author(s):  
Samina Siddique ◽  
Zafar Mahmood ◽  
Shabana Noureen
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Impact

With the growth of services economy worldwide, it has become essential for policymakers to comprehend the export competitiveness of nations to identify offshore export locations or alternatively offer their own sites as an exporting location. Human capital investment is considered as a key component in attracting foreign countries for outsourcing purposes. Earlier studies have shown mixed role of human capital investment on off shoring activities. This study assesses the effects of control variables (business environment, wages and IT infrastructure) and human capital investment on export of goods and services from the selected Asian outsourcing countries. Panel Estimated Generalized Least Square (EGLS) technique is used with country weights to specifically overcome the problem of autocorrelation. Empirical findings show that investment in human capital is significant for both goods and services exports. We found a large impact of human capital investment on exports of goods and services in selected Asian countries as compared to selected developed countries. Empirical findings further suggest that human capital is more essential for export of goods than export of services. From these findings, the study draws important implications for policymaking in countries who intend to offer themselves as an attractive location for exporting and for those who intend to locate their production activities overseas.

Cultural traits of entrepreneurship education: a cross-national study

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Fleck ◽  
Alexandros Kakouris ◽  
Doan Winkel
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
National Study ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National

Purpose This study aims to develop insights on how national culture, gender and field of study can influence the impact of entrepreneurship education toward the development of entrepreneurial intention. Design/methodology/approach The entrepreneurship education project gathered data from over 18,000 undergraduate student responses, spanning over 70 countries and 400 universities. The sample used in this research examined eight countries with significantly different national cultures, while a quantitative analysis of a sample of n = 5,033 responses was performed. Beyond correlation analysis, a hierarchical multiple regression model is implemented for intention along with moderation analysis. Findings The statistical analysis reveals robust correlations among several entrepreneurial concepts and national cultural indices. As expected, national culture interweaves with all entrepreneurial concepts and more significantly for students of socially oriented disciplines. Gendera and field of the study appear moderators of causal relationships between entrepreneurial constructs. Exerting a strong influence by culture, entrepreneurial identity appears the most significant explanator of intention. Overall, the emergent pattern suggests entrepreneurship is intentional, but in a socially justified and accepted manner closely related to local cultural norms and institutions. Research limitations/implications Implications pertain to research for entrepreneurial intention and to educators and educational bodies concerning their goal setting for entrepreneurial programs and appropriate scheduling of effective pedagogies. Originality/value The study exploits a large data set from eight countries (Brazil, Colombia, Germany, Lithuania, Malaysia, Mexico, Spain and USA) which permits systematic quantitative search for the influence of culture on the impact of entrepreneurship education. Cross-national studies of entrepreneurship education and the effect of national culture have been scant in literature – a research gap the study responds to. The inclusion of both developing and developed countries contributes in a novel way to a unique understanding of the influence of culture on entrepreneurial concepts through education.

scholarly journals Growth of investments as a condition for increasing energy efficiency of the Irkutsk region’s economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 08013
Author(s):  
Boris Saneev ◽  
Alexandr Sokolov ◽  
Svetlana Muzychuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

The energy efficiency of the Russian economy lags far behind the developed countries of the world that worsens its socio-economic development. To increase energy efficiency, it is necessary to introduce innovative solutions that require large investments. The object of the research is the economy of the Irkutsk region that energy efficiency growth, being the most important priority of socio-economic development, is of particular relevance due to its high energy intensity. The purpose of the study is to perform an energy-economic analysis of the Irkutsk region, and to determine the impact of investment on the energy efficiency growth. The methodological approach developed by the authors and used in this research is based on the balance and statistical methods. In course of the research, retrospective fuel and energy balances (FEB) of the Irkutsk region have been developed, and the energy efficiency indicators have been calculated on their basis. The main directions for the fuller use of the fuel and energy resources (FER) have been identified, the implementation of which will significantly increase the energy efficiency indicators. It will require an increase in investments in the fuel and energy complex (FEC) by 1.7-2 times by 2030 as compared to 2016.

scholarly journals Financial Agglomeration, Energy Efficiency, and Sustainable Development of China’s Regional Economy: Evidence from Provincial Panel Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Haiman Liu ◽  
Jiancheng Long ◽  
Zunhuan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
The Impact

Ecological deterioration, air pollution, and resource depletion have shrouded the vast regions of China, raising widespread concerns about the sustainable development of the domestic economy. Although financial agglomeration has become a pivotal approach for China to realize green transformation, there is a lack of evidence against the causal correlation between financial agglomeration and sustainable development of the regional economy. To fill this gap, using the data of 29 provincial capital cities in China spanning from 2009 to 2019 and adopting individual time bidirectional fixed effect model, IV-GMM approach, and alternative modeling techniques, this paper investigates the impact of financial agglomeration on sustainable development of the regional economy for the first time. The results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between financial agglomeration and the sustainable development of the regional economy. Financial agglomeration facilitates the improvement of regional energy efficiency, and the latter further mediates the relationship between financial agglomeration and sustainable development of the regional economy. In addition, the empirical results also demonstrate that the higher the economic policy uncertainty, the weaker the positive relationship between financial agglomeration and energy efficiency. The present study is of great significance for China to implement energy-saving and emission-reduction tasks and achieve sustainable urban construction.

Donors’ Trade and Their Supply of Development Aid Related to the Trade Sector: Does Donors’ Output Gap Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1850002
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Balance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Output Gap ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
Official Development Aid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

This paper complements the literature on the impact of donor-countries’ trade on their supply of Official Development Aid relating to the trade sector (ODATRADE). It investigates whether the impact of donor-countries’ trade balance (including overall trade balance in goods and services, trade balance in goods vis-à-vis developing and developed countries, and trade balance in services) on ODATRADE depends on the level of donor-countries’ output gap. Relying on a sample of 22 donor-countries over the period 1967–2015, the empirical analysis shows that donors’ output gap does matter for the impact of trade balance variables on ODATRADE.

scholarly journals The Economic Instruments for the Development of the Renewable Energy Sector in the EU and Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
V.S. Piven
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
The Eu

The research reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of the green energy sector. The article compares the level of development of the green energy sector in the European Union and Ukraine. Different indicators, including the share of energy from renewable sources in Ukraine, the interaction between the level of GDP per capita and the share of renewable energy in the EU and Ukraine, and the structure of the renewable energy resources of Ukraine and the EU are taken into account. The article discussed the role of financial and non-financial tools for the development of the green energy sector in the EU countries. The research states that the countries can be divided into three groups, where group A involves countries with a highly developed green energy sector, group B – member-states with progress in the transition to alternative sources of energy, and group C – countries with weak or no progress in the development of renewable energy sector. The research explains the impact of economic prosperity in developed countries on the renewable energy sector. It investigates that there is a very small positive correlation between the independent variable and the dependent variable. In general, it demonstrates that there is no correlation between the economic condition of very developed countries and the level of their green energy efficiency. The article suggests policy-making changes for the stable development of green energy in both the EU and Ukraine. Revision of existing government's medium and long term plans and adapting them to current circumstances, the gradual reduction of subsidies and reform of energy pricing, the regulatory focus on energy efficiency, the attraction of private investments through the use of domestic and donor investments are determined as important actions for stable development of green energy sector.

Developing a Technology of In-Service Energy Efficiency Improvement of Commercial-Grade Hermetic-Compressor-Equipped Items Utilized in the Sphere of Service

10.12737/2549 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Олег Голубев ◽  
Oleg Golubev ◽  
Андрей Голубев ◽  
Andrey Golubev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Cooling Loop ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hermetic Compressor

Cooling loop devices account for the biggest part of energy consumption in the sphere of consumer goods and services. The results of an analysis of the current status of the refrigerating device pool reveal its deficiency in terms of modern requirements. The article presents the results of research into the impact of the working pattern and voltage of the electric network on the output performance of compressors. The researchers develop and substantiate a technology of in-service energy efficiency improvement of commercial-grade hermetic-compressor-equipped items.

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