scholarly journals Growth of investments as a condition for increasing energy efficiency of the Irkutsk region’s economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 08013
Author(s):  
Boris Saneev ◽  
Alexandr Sokolov ◽  
Svetlana Muzychuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

The energy efficiency of the Russian economy lags far behind the developed countries of the world that worsens its socio-economic development. To increase energy efficiency, it is necessary to introduce innovative solutions that require large investments. The object of the research is the economy of the Irkutsk region that energy efficiency growth, being the most important priority of socio-economic development, is of particular relevance due to its high energy intensity. The purpose of the study is to perform an energy-economic analysis of the Irkutsk region, and to determine the impact of investment on the energy efficiency growth. The methodological approach developed by the authors and used in this research is based on the balance and statistical methods. In course of the research, retrospective fuel and energy balances (FEB) of the Irkutsk region have been developed, and the energy efficiency indicators have been calculated on their basis. The main directions for the fuller use of the fuel and energy resources (FER) have been identified, the implementation of which will significantly increase the energy efficiency indicators. It will require an increase in investments in the fuel and energy complex (FEC) by 1.7-2 times by 2030 as compared to 2016.

scholarly journals Challenges and Sustainability of China’s Socio-Economic Stability in the Context of Its Demographic Development

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Andrea Čajková ◽  
Peter Čajka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Like many developed countries in the world, China currently faces many serious demographic challenges that pose a potential risk to the country’s socio-economic development and stability. The current demographic development and trend is characterized by a change in the reproductive behavior of the population, characterized by a decline in birth rates, a change in family behavior, and a shift in the value system. This paper is aimed at identifying the impact of population policy and the degree of its influence on both the economic and social system of the country. Based on a deterministic approach, the findings reveal and demonstrate the serious demographic challenges facing China, and we are noting that there is no guarantee that parametric adjustments, such as shifting the retirement age, will de facto ensure the financial health of the pension system by preventing bankruptcy. We point out the risks and prospects for the sustainability of China’s socio-economic development based on an analysis of past and current Chinese demographic policy.

scholarly journals Methodological approach on optimizing the speed of navigation to reduce fuel consumption and increase energy efficiency of the cruising ship

Pomorstvo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Radonja ◽  
Davor Pavić ◽  
Darko Glujić
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
International Regulations

Modern large cruise ships have great energy needs for different technological processes on board. The energy needs depend on the operating conditions and the required speed of the ship, and the high energy requirements usually mean high fuel costs. With the enforcement of international regulations aimed at reducing environmental pollution, various measures and procedures have been proposed to increase the energy efficiency of ships. This paper outlines method that can be applied to ships without installing new or modification of existing systems and will require somewhat increased attention of chief engineer during voyage and his close cooperation with the captain. Traditionally, the required speed of the ship will be determined by the length of the fairway divided by the time that is available for travel. Analyzing originally collected data from the cruising ship it was concluded that by optimizing the speed of navigation according to the requirements of the route it is possible to achieve significant fuel savings, reduce travel costs, increase energy efficiency and reduce environmentally harmful emissions of the ship.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT AND FORECASTING OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Serhii Makarenko ◽  
Nataliia Oliinyk ◽  
Tetiana Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
State And Local ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real State

The purpose of the article is to carry out an analysis and improvement of the methodological approach for estimating and forecasting socio-economic devel-opment of regions. The methodological basis of the study consisted of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading specialists, statistical and analytical materials of state authorities. The results are obtained through the use of such methods as: expert – to identify the impact of qualitative and quantitative indicators on the socio-economic development of the region; economicmathematical analysis – to study the influence of a defined group of indicators on the level of development of the region; abstract-logical – for a theoretical synthesis and formulation of conclusions. The results of the study suggest that the introduction of a sound scientific and methodological approach to assessing and forecasting the level of development of the country and regions in particular will allow not only to identify problem areas in the development of the respective territories, but also to get the potential investor reliable information about the real state of affairs and to determine the justification of further investment in the activity of the research object. Using an unjustified scientific and methodological approach not only can distort the real state of affairs in the regions and the country in general, but also send limited financial resources of the State and local budgets in the conditions of the crisis to improve the indicators that have a minor impact on the development of the economy. It is proved that in current crisis conditions, the functioning of the national economy, state authorities should implement a more effective discretionary fiscal policy aimed at reducing the tax burden in the formation of the wage fund of the socially vulnerable population. The errors, ob-tained during misuse of information technologies in the assessment of socio-economic development of regions are revealed. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the coefficient of competence of experts and the value of 1 point of qualification competences during the construction of forecast scenarios and the development of regional economic development programs using intuitive fore-casting methods has been improved. Proposals for improving the system of taxation of the socially vulnerable population are developed.

scholarly journals Formation of Indicators for Assessing the Effectiveness of the Use of Human Capital in the Food Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 529-537
Author(s):  
Irina Skobliakova ◽  
Svetlana Efremova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. No standard methodological approach has yet been developed for an objective assessment of the value of the human resource from the position of its effect on the results of the related industry. Food industry is a strategically important branch of the National Economy. It has its specific requirements for labor resources, which can be used as indicators of their effective use in the production process. The on-going transformation of the food industry structure requires customization of such indicators. The present research objective was to form a group of indicators to assess the efficiency of the use of human capital in food industry. Study objects and methods. Food industry ensures domestic food security and provides the rational use of all resources in the production process. The research featured indicators of human capital assessment adopted in international financial reporting, as well as methods of statistical and mathematical data analysis. Results and discussion. The present article introduces a new methodological approach to determine the impact of human capital on the socio-economic efficiency of a food industry enterprise. The calculation of the integrated human capital index was based on statistical indicators of demand and the intellectual component in the industry, e.g. indices of employment, education, and industrial production. According to the proposed approach, the indicative function was performed by an integrated indicator of socio-economic development, which included indices reduced to a comparable form. The indices reflected the ecological, economic, and social efficiency of food production. The method was tested at a local cereal-producing company. An average increase in costs for the development of human capital by 1% increased the indicators of the socio-economic development from 4 to 5%. The objectivity of the assessment depended on the provision of a given level of human capital development and the choice of target criteria for the development of the food industry. Conclusion. The proposed method can facilitate labor management decisions in food industry. The list of indicators can be expanded in accordance with the objectives and installations of scientific research.

scholarly journals Assessment of the level of local budget financial decentralization: Case of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Nadiya Dekhtyar ◽  
Katarina Valaskova ◽  
Olga Deyneka ◽  
Nataliya Pihul
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Integrated Index ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget Execution

Further improvement of financial relations at the local level and the development of local budgets take place in the context of financial decentralization. This implies strengthening the role of local governments in attracting necessary financial resources to ensure socio-economic development of territories. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of decentralization on the state of local budgets and to develop a scientific and methodological approach to assessing the level of financial decentralization of local budgets using the example of Ukraine for 2010–2019. The developed methodology consists of six successive stages. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of indicators of local budget execution in Ukraine in terms of revenues, expenditures and transfers using an integrated index obtained through taxonomic analysis is conducted. As a result of evaluating the effectiveness of the basic principles of financial decentralization, the expediency of calculating the integrated index of local budget financial decentralization is substantiated. This index is formed using intermediate indicators of autonomy to cover expenses and generate income both on the basis of own sources and taking into account the received state transfers for the implementation of their own and delegated powers of local governments. The implementation of the proposed method allow one to assess the levels of financial decentralization of local budgets to establish the degree of financial autonomy and financial self-sufficiency of the territories. The results obtained should be considered when determining the effectiveness of financial support for local budgets in the process of socio-economic development of regions.

Transformation of the economy of Ukrainian cities of regional significance: efficiency of the impact on the socio-economic developmen

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Mariana Melnyk ◽  
Iryna Leshchukh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Direct Foreign Investment ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Impact

The paper proposes a methodological approach to evaluating the impact of the transformation taking place in the economies of cities of regional significance (CRSs) on the socio-economic development of regions (oblasts). The analysis is conducted for cities of regional significance in the western part of Ukraine. The article emphasizes the asymmetry of regional socio-economic development as a result of the concentration of business activity and capital in the CRSs, a higher level of reception of growing direct foreign investment in the economies of CRSs compared to capital investment; a strong impact of structural changes in the economies of CRS on the Gross Regional Product (GRP). The authors found that the development of most CRSs was based on industrial production. Only half of the oblasts in Western Ukraine analyzed in the study showed evidence indicating that economies of their CRSs are undergoing a transformation towards service economy (which should correspond to the post-industrial development of the country).

scholarly journals Development of the Subarctic Territories: Technologies and Socio-Economic Innovations

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5287-5291
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
National Development ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Formal And Informal Institutions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Working Out

At present, the socio-economic development of the subarctic territories is of primary importance, since they ensure security and stability of the national development. It is necessary to solve a complex task related to reforming the activities of public institutions that ensure stable development of the northern regions. To do this, the authors have performed the research aimed at deepening the knowledge of the functioning of formal and informal institutions, studying the characteristics of their interaction and influence on the development of the territories. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological approach in order to assess the impact of institutional actors on the socio-economic development of the subarctic territories. This approach includes the analysis of the functions of institutions, identification of their incentive and disincentive effects, structuring parameters and indicators for each institution and working out of solutions aimed at the development of the region. The results of the study assessing the impact of institutions on the socio-economic development of the territory can be used by the authorities of the subarctic territories to address priority issues of regional development

scholarly journals System Analysis and Solution of Energy Efficiency Problems in Machine-Building Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03057
Author(s):  
A.A. Gavrilova ◽  
E.A. Matveeva ◽  
A.G. Salov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Enterprise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article discusses application of system analysis to identify and solve the problems of energy efficiency of machine-building enterprises. The increase in the efficiency of a machine-building enterprise is influenced by many factors, among which tariffs and prices for energy services have a significant impact. The increase in tariffs for these services has a direct impact on the increase in cost. Energy efficiency objectives also include: high energy capacity of products; insufficient efficiency of generation, transportation and distribution of energy resources; low reliability of power supply; insufficient volume or low reliability of information on the energy infrastructure operation. As a result of the system analysis, directions have been identified that enable one to increase energy efficiency, which leads to a decrease in the cost of production, and, consequently, to an increase in the profit of the enterprise. Directions for increasing the energy efficiency of machine-building enterprises can be identified as a result of system studies of the activities of all divisions of the main, auxiliary and service industries. The greatest effect from energy-saving measures is achieved in the process of rational energy consumption, which is advisable to implement at machine-building enterprises. Reduced production output caused by the global economic crisis that began in 2008 and the impact of the 2020-2021 pandemic have resulted in the equipment operation at reduced loads and in off-design modes, which in turn has led to the auxiliary equipment consuming almost the same amount of energy as at nominal performance. This circumstance leads to an increase in costs. A mathematical model has been developed, in which a machine-building enterprise is considered as a set of functional elements and components with a hierarchical structure of connections between them, described in the form of a ‘6-tuple’.

scholarly journals Globalization and economic growth in highly developed countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 05025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Swadźba
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

The main goal of this paper is to show the level of globalization, its changes and the impact of globalization on economic growth and socio-economic development in these countries. The following research methods were used: historical, literature, descriptive analysis and simple statistical methods. Statistical data used in this paper come from KOF Index of globalization, World Bank Database and Human Development Reports. The time range of research is 1990-2018. The research covered 16 countries of Western Europe, USA, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. The main findings of the study are as follows: Highly developed countries are the most globalized. The level of globalization in individual countries varies, but the differences are not large. The medium-size European countries are the most globalized, while non-European countries are the least globalized. Starting from the 1990s, the level of globalization has increased significantly. The highest increase was in the less globalized countries, the lowest in the most globalized ones. As a result, the differences between them have significantly decreased. Thus we can see the convergence in the sphere of globalization. The positive impact of globalization on economic growth and socio-economic development was not observed in this group of countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document