scholarly journals Longitudinal Actuated Abdomen Control for Energy Efficient Flight of Insects

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5480
Author(s):  
Titilayo Ogunwa ◽  
Blake McIvor ◽  
Nurkhairunisa Awang Jumat ◽  
Ermira Abdullah ◽  
Javaan Chahl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Insect Flight ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Longitudinal Control ◽  
Flight Behaviour ◽  
Aerodynamic Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Surfaces

The actuated abdomens of insects such as dragonflies have long been suggested to play a role in optimisation and control of flight. We have examined the effect of this type of actuation in the simplified case of a small fixed wing aircraft to determine whether energetic advantages exist in normal flight when compared to the cost of actuation using aerodynamic control surfaces. We explore the benefits the abdomen/tail might provide to balance level flight against trim changes. We also consider the transient advantage of using alternative longitudinal control effectors in a pull up flight maneuver. Results show that the articulated abdomen significantly reduces energy consumption and increase performance in isolated manoeuvres. The results also indicate a design feature that could be incorporated into small unmanned aircraft under particular circumstances. We aim to highlight behaviours that would increase flight efficiency to inform designers of micro aerial vehicles and to aid the analysis of insect flight behaviour and energetics.

scholarly journals Reconfiguration of Unmanned Aircraft Control System

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Marcin Żugaj
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Aircraft Control ◽  
System Failures ◽  
System Reconfiguration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Surfaces ◽  
Aircraft Control System

Abstract Reliability of unmanned aircraft is a decisive factor for conducting air tasks in controlled airspace. One of the means used to improve unmanned aircraft reliability is reconfiguration of the control system, which will allow to maintain control over the aircraft despite occurring failures. The control system is reconfigured by using operational control surfaces, to compensate for failure consequences and to control the damaged aircraft. Development of effective reconfiguration algorithms involves utilization of a non-linear model of unmanned aircraft dynamics, in which deflection of each control surface can be controlled independently. The paper presents a method for an unmanned aircraft control system reconfiguration utilizing a linear and nonlinear model of aerodynamic loads due to control. It presents reconfiguration algorithms, which differ with used models and with optimization criteria for deflections of failure-free control surfaces. Additionally it presents results of a benchmark of the developed algorithms, for various types of control system failures and control input.

scholarly journals Multi-Blockchain-Based IoT Data Processing Techniques to Ensure the Integrity of IoT Data in AIoT Edge Computing Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3515
Author(s):  
Sung-Ho Sim ◽  
Yoon-Su Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Constant Size ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Cloud Servers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
And Control

As the development of IoT technologies has progressed rapidly recently, most IoT data are focused on monitoring and control to process IoT data, but the cost of collecting and linking various IoT data increases, requiring the ability to proactively integrate and analyze collected IoT data so that cloud servers (data centers) can process smartly. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based IoT big data integrity verification technique to ensure the safety of the Third Party Auditor (TPA), which has a role in auditing the integrity of AIoT data. The proposed technique aims to minimize IoT information loss by multiple blockchain groupings of information and signature keys from IoT devices. The proposed technique allows IoT information to be effectively guaranteed the integrity of AIoT data by linking hash values designated as arbitrary, constant-size blocks with previous blocks in hierarchical chains. The proposed technique performs synchronization using location information between the central server and IoT devices to manage the cost of the integrity of IoT information at low cost. In order to easily control a large number of locations of IoT devices, we perform cross-distributed and blockchain linkage processing under constant rules to improve the load and throughput generated by IoT devices.

In-line filtration reduced phlebitis associated with peripheral venous cannulation: Focus on cost-effectiveness and patients’ perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Gianluca Villa ◽  
Rosa Giua ◽  
Timothy Amass ◽  
Lorenzo Tofani ◽  
Cosimo Chelazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Previous Trial ◽  
Venous Cannulation ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Background: In a previous trial, in-line filtration significantly prevented postoperative phlebitis associated with short peripheral venous cannulation. This study aims to describe the cost-effectiveness of in-line filtration in reducing phlebitis and examine patients’ perception of in-hospital vascular access management with and without in-line filtration. Methods: We analysed costs associated with in-line filtration: these data were prospectively recorded during the previous trial. Furthermore, we performed a follow-up for all the 268 patients enrolled in this trial. Among these, 213 patients responded and completed 6 months after hospital discharge questionnaires evaluating the perception of and satisfaction with the management of their vascular access. Results: In-line filtration group required 95.60€ more than the no-filtration group (a mean of € 0.71/patient). In terms of satisfaction with the perioperative management of their short peripheral venous cannulation, 110 (82%) and 103 (76.9%) patients, respectively, for in-line filtration and control group, completed this survey. Within in-line filtration group, 97.3% of patients were satisfied/strongly satisfied; if compared with previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, 11% of them recognised in-line filtration as a relevant causative factor in determining their satisfaction. Among patients within the control group, 93.2% were satisfied/strongly satisfied, although up to 30% of them had experienced postoperative phlebitis. At the qualitative interview, they recognised no difference than previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, and mentioned postoperative phlebitis as a common event that ‘normally occurs’ during a hospital stay. Conclusion: In-line filtration is cost-effective in preventing postoperative phlebitis, and it seems to contribute to increasing patient satisfaction and reducing short peripheral venous cannulation–related discomfort

Development and Control of a Compliant Asymmetric Antagonistic Actuator for Energy Efficient Mobility

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1080-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Roozing ◽  
Zhibin Li ◽  
Gustavo A. Medrano-Cerda ◽  
Darwin G. Caldwell ◽  
Nikos G. Tsagarakis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Transonic Unsteady Airloads on an Energy Efficient Transport Wing with Oscillating Control Surfaces

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Sandford ◽  
R.H. Ricketts ◽  
F.W. Cazier ◽  
H.J. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Efficient Transport ◽  
Control Surfaces

Synergetic Concept of Software Control of Machining Processes on Metal-Cutting Machines

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
V.L. Zakovorotny ◽  
V.E. Gvindzhiliya
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
External Control ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cutting System

High precision metal-cutting machines ensure that the programmed machine actuator trajectories correspond to the real ones. For lathes these are the trajectories of the longitudinal and transverse calipers of the system, as well as the spindle. The purpose of processing is to produce parts of a given quality while minimizing the manufacturing costs. The condition of the dynamic cutting system, determined by the trajectories of forces and deformations, affects the quality indicators of parts and the cutting efficiency, which depends on the intensity of tool wear. The properties of the system change depending on the phase trajectory of the power of irreversible transformations of the energy supplied to the cutting zone by the work performed. Their changes related with the evolution of the parameters of the dynamic link formed by cutting are manifested in the development of tool wear and changes in the quality of the part. Thus, the power of irreversible energy transformations is one of the internal factors causing changes in the output characteristics of processing and the state of the process. In this regard, when processing on machine tools, there is a problem of synergistic coordination of external control (for example, the CNC program) with internal one, the source of which is the irreversible transformation of the energy supplied to the cutting zone. The article considers the problem of synergetic coordination of external and internal controls during cutting process, the solution of which will allow increasing the efficiency of processing on CNC machines. A mathematical model of a controlled dynamic cutting system and control algorithms are proposed to improve the efficiency of processing parts of a given quality while minimizing the intensity of tool wear. Testing of the developed algorithms has shown that their use reduces the cost of manufacturing parts by 1.2.

scholarly journals Sustainable Retirement Living: What Matters?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Barker ◽  
Bo Xia ◽  
George Zillante
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Survey Approach

There is a growing demand for sustainable retirement villages in Australia due to an increasing number of ageing population and public acceptance of sustainable development. This research aims to gain a better understanding of retirees’ understanding about sustainable retirement living and their attitudes towards sustainable developments via a questionnaire survey approach. The results showed that the current residents of retirement villages are generally very conscious of unsustainable resource consumption and would like their residences and community to be more environmentally friendly and energy efficient. The cost of energy supply is a concern to majority of respondents. However there is a certain level of concerns from residents too on the extra cost of going green in their residence. Education is required to residents about recycling household waste and how to use available facilities. A better understanding of retirees’ awareness and attitudes towards sustainability issues helps to improve the sustainable developments of retirement villages in the future.

scholarly journals Body Flexibility Enhances Maneuverability in the World’s Largest Predator

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
P S Segre ◽  
D E Cade ◽  
J Calambokidis ◽  
F E Fish ◽  
A S Friedlaender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Ocean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Active Surfaces ◽  
Aquatic Locomotion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Blue Whales ◽  
Control Surfaces ◽  
Complex Trajectories

Abstract Blue whales are often characterized as highly stable, open-ocean swimmers who sacrifice maneuverability for long-distance cruising performance. However, recent studies have revealed that blue whales actually exhibit surprisingly complex underwater behaviors, yet little is known about the performance and control of these maneuvers. Here, we use multi-sensor biologgers equipped with cameras to quantify the locomotor dynamics and the movement of the control surfaces used by foraging blue whales. Our results revealed that simple maneuvers (rolls, turns, and pitch changes) are performed using distinct combinations of control and power provided by the flippers, the flukes, and bending of the body, while complex trajectories are structured by combining sequences of simple maneuvers. Furthermore, blue whales improve their turning performance by using complex banked turns to take advantage of their substantial dorso-ventral flexibility. These results illustrate the important role body flexibility plays in enhancing control and performance of maneuvers, even in the largest of animals. The use of the body to supplement the performance of the hydrodynamically active surfaces may represent a new mechanism in the control of aquatic locomotion.

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