scholarly journals Improving PV Resilience by Dynamic Reconfiguration in Distribution Grids: Problem Complexity and Computation Requirements

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Filipe F. C. Silva ◽  
Pedro M. S. Carvalho ◽  
Luís A. F. M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Dynamic Reconfiguration ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Classical Computing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

The dissemination of low-carbon technologies, such as urban photovoltaic distributed generation, imposes new challenges to the operation of distribution grids. Distributed generation may introduce significant net-load asymmetries between feeders in the course of the day, resulting in higher losses. The dynamic reconfiguration of the grid could mitigate daily losses and be used to minimize or defer the need for network reinforcement. Yet, dynamic reconfiguration has to be carried out in near real-time in order to make use of the most updated load and generation forecast, this way maximizing operational benefits. Given the need to quickly find and update reconfiguration decisions, the computational complexity of the underlying optimal scheduling problem is studied in this paper. The problem is formulated and the impact of sub-optimal solutions is illustrated using a real medium-voltage distribution grid operated under a heavy generation scenario. The complexity of the scheduling problem is discussed to conclude that its optimal solution is infeasible in practical terms if relying upon classical computing. Quantum computing is finally proposed as a way to handle this kind of problem in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of Solar Panel Orientation on the Integration of Solar Energy in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannes I. Laveyne ◽  
Dimitar Bozalakov ◽  
Greet Van Eetvelde ◽  
Lieven Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Balance ◽  
Residential Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

In Belgium, and many other countries, rooftop solar panels are becoming a ubiquitous form of decentralised energy production. The increasing share of these distributed installations however imposes many challenges on the operators of the low-voltage distribution grid. They must keep the voltage levels and voltage balance on their grids in check and are often regulatory required to provide sufficient reception capacity for new power producing installations. By placing solar panels in different inclinations and azimuth angles, power production profiles can possibly be shifted to align more with residential power consumption profiles. In this article, it is investigated if the orientation of solar panels can have a mitigating impact on the integration problems on residential low voltage distribution grids. An improved simulation model of a solar panel installation is constructed, which is used to simulate the impact on a residential distribution grid. To stay as close to real-life conditions as possible, real irradiation data and a model of an existing grid are used. Both the developed model as the results on grid impact are evaluated.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PEMASANGAN KAPASITOR PADA SISTEM JARINGAN LISTRIK DISTRIBUSI DI BALI MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUANTUM GENETIC ALGORITHM

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Maria Gusti Agung Ayu Permata ◽  
Antonius Ibi Weking ◽  
Widyadi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Quantum Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Genetic Algorithm Method ◽  
The Impact

This study optimized the installation of capacitors on the distribution grid system in Penyabangan feeder, Singaraja, Bali using the Quantum Genetic Algorithm method to reduce the impact of increasing reactive currents. This feeder, consisting of 162 buses in which 62 buses are directly connected to the load and 5 buses are connected to medium voltage cosumers. The results of this study are obtained by the capacity of capacitors installed in 31 buses that have a power factor value less than the permitted limit and the power loss values decrease from 0,0674 MW and 0,0546 MVAr to 0,0543 MW and 0,0442 MVAr.

Modified Migrating Birds Optimization for Solving the Low-carbon Scheduling Problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Zhang ◽  
Yusheng Sun ◽  
Yadong Cui ◽  
Haodong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Solution Quality ◽  
Migrating Birds Optimization ◽  
Initialization Scheme ◽  
Migrating Birds

Production scheduling problems have historically emphasized cycle time without involving the environmental factors. In the study, a low-carbon scheduling problem in a flexible job shop is considered to minimize the energy consumption, which mainly consists of two parts: the useful part and the wasted part. First, a mathematical model is built based on the features of the workshop. Second, a modified migrating bird's optimization (MMBO) is developed to obtain the optimal solution. In the MMBO, a population initialization scheme is designed to enhance the solution quality and convergence speed. Five types of neighborhood structures are introduced to create neighborhood solutions. Furthermore, a local search method and a reset mechanism are developed to improve the computational results. Finally, experimental results validate that the MMBO is effective and feasible.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Development Possibilities of Distribution Grid State Forecasts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Jessica Hermanns ◽  
Marcel Modemann ◽  
Kamil Korotkiewicz ◽  
Frederik Paulat ◽  
Kevin Kotthaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Distribution Grids ◽  
Base Load

The number of renewable energy systems is still increasing. To reduce the worldwide CO2 emissions, there will be even more challenges in the distribution grids like currently upcoming charging stations or heat pumps. All these new electric systems in the low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) levels are characterized by an unsteady behavior. To monitor and predict the behavior of these new flexible systems, a grid state forecast is needed. This software tool calculates wind, photovoltaic, and load forecasts. These power forecasts are already in the focus of research, but there are some specific use cases, which require a more specific solution. To get a variously applicable software tool, different new functions to improve an already existing grid state forecast tool were developed and evaluated. For example, it will be proofed if a grid state forecast tool can be improved by calculating the number or the base load of the loads in grid areas by just one available measurement. Another big subject exists in the exchange of forecast information between different voltage levels. How this can be realized and how big the effect on the forecast quality is, will be analyzed. The results of these evaluations will be shown in this paper.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Design and Effectiveness of Electric Distribution Grid with Distributed Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Mancini ◽  
Michela Longo ◽  
Wahiba Yaici ◽  
Dario Zaninelli
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Probable Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

The objective of this paper is to assess the probable effect that electric vehicles (EVs), already in wide circulation and likely to increase exponentially in the near future, will have on distribution networks. Analyses are conducted on the necessary interventions and evolutions that the distribution grid will have to undergo in order to manage this new and progressively increasing heavy load of energy. Thus, in order to understand the technical limitations of the current infrastructure and how transformers and lines will be able to withstand the increasing penetration of EVs, urban and rural grid models have been studied, to highlight the differences between the impacts on high- and low-density networks. In addition, an analysis of fast charging station impact has been carried out. MATLAB software was used to perform the simulations for the creation of scripts, which were then exploited within the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. This allowed evaluation of the networks under examination and verification of the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. In concluding based on findings, some methods of managing the distribution network to optimise the network parameters analysed in the study and a solution involving electric vehicles are recommended.

scholarly journals Voltage-Based Droop Control of Electric Vehicles in Distribution Grids under Different Charging Power Levels

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3905
Author(s):  
Muhandiram Arachchige Subodha Tharangi Ireshika ◽  
Ruben Lliuyacc-Blas ◽  
Peter Kepplinger
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Droop Control ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Control ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Grids

If left uncontrolled, electric vehicle charging poses severe challenges to distribution grid operation. Resulting issues are expected to be mitigated by charging control. In particular, voltage-based charging control, by relying only on the local measurements of voltage at the point of connection, provides an autonomous communication-free solution. The controller, attached to the charging equipment, compares the measured voltage to a reference voltage and adapts the charging power using a droop control characteristic. We present a systematic study of the voltage-based droop control method for electric vehicles to establish the usability of the method for all the currently available residential electric vehicle charging possibilities considering a wide range of electric vehicle penetrations. Voltage limits are evaluated according to the international standard EN50160, using long-term load flow simulations based on a real distribution grid topology and real load profiles. The results achieved show that the voltage-based droop controller is able to mitigate the under voltage problems completely in distribution grids in cases either deploying low charging power levels or exhibiting low penetration rates. For high charging rates and high penetrations, the control mechanism improves the overall voltage profile, but it does not remedy the under voltage problems completely. The evaluation also shows the controller’s ability to reduce the peak power at the transformer and indicates the impact it has on users due to the reduction in the average charging rates. The outcomes of the paper provide the distribution grid operators an insight on the voltage-based droop control mechanism for the future grid planning and investments.

scholarly journals Specifics of Emergency Operation in Distribution Grid and their Effect on Integration and Functioning of Distributed Generation Facilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
P. Ilyushin ◽  
A. Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Severe Accidents ◽  
Asynchronous Operation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Distribution Grids ◽  
Further Development

This paper focuses on the characteristic features of distribution grids, which have the greatest impact on the stability of generators and motor loads. It shows that severe accidents in distribution and transmission grids differ in nature, starting with an overload leading to line disconnections and further evolving into a voltage collapse. It appears that where generator capacity is commensurate with the total power of motors in a grid, the motor load has a significant impact on transients. The paper discusses how asynchronous operation is triggered, progresses, and can be addressed in a grid with distributed generation (DG) facilities. It further analyzes the consequences of deep grid sectionalization and proves why grid structure needs to be optimized for further development. The paper also shows how to take into account the specifics of emergency processes (i.e., accident-associated processes) in distribution grids when integrating and operating DG facilities.

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