scholarly journals Integrated Approach for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Production in Microalgae Biorefineries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Mehariya ◽  
Rahul Kumar Goswami ◽  
Pradeep Verma ◽  
Roberto Lavecchia ◽  
Antonio Zuorro
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
World Population ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Valuable Compounds

The increasing world population generates huge amounts of wastewater as well as large energy demand. Additionally, fossil fuel’s combustion for energy production causes the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and other pollutants. Therefore, there is a strong need to find alternative green approaches for wastewater treatment and energy production. Microalgae biorefineries could represent an effective strategy to mitigate the above problems. Microalgae biorefineries are a sustainable alternative to conventional wastewater treatment processes, as they potentially allow wastewater to be treated at lower costs and with lower energy consumption. Furthermore, they provide an effective means to recover valuable compounds for biofuel production or other applications. This review focuses on the current scenario and future prospects of microalgae biorefineries aimed at combining wastewater treatment with biofuel production. First, the different microalgal cultivation systems are examined, and their main characteristics and limitations are discussed. Then, the technologies available for converting the biomass produced during wastewater treatment into biofuel are critically analyzed. Finally, current challenges and research directions for biofuel production and wastewater treatment through this approach are outlined.

scholarly journals Bioenergía a partir de microalgas en México

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Sheila Genoveva Pérez-Bravo ◽  
Ana María Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
Maria del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Luciano Aguilera-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Current Energy ◽  
Short Carbon

The energy demand of the world population is increasing due to population growth and technological development. The current energy base is a generator of CO2 emissions, the most abundant and main greenhouse gas responsible for global warming, as well as pollutants, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. The environmental deterioration and the increase in fossil fuel prices make it necessary to investigate less aggressive energy sources with the environment at competitive costs in the market. Biofuels are an alternative for energy production due to their origin in the short carbon cycle, their emissions are considered almost zero, including biodiesel and bioethanol. The latter can be obtained from microalgae rich in carbohydrates and lipids, easy to grow in short periods of time. The objective of this research is to summarize the findings made about the existence of useful microalgae as raw material to produce biofuels in Mexican territory. An exhaustive review of the literature was carried out, which contributed to estimate the microalgal diversity in the country and its lipid contents as well as carbohydrates, with different species of the genera Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Desmodesmus being found mainly.

Full-Scale Highly-Loaded Wastewater Treatment Processes (A-Stage) to Increase Energy Production from Wastewater: Performance and Design Guidelines

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe S. de Graaff ◽  
Tessa P.H. van den Brand ◽  
Kees Roest ◽  
Marcel H. Zandvoort ◽  
Olaf Duin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Highly Loaded

scholarly journals Traversing the mountaintop: world fossil fuel production to 2050

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1532) ◽  
pp. 3067-3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Nehring
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Past Century ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Per Capita

During the past century, fossil fuels—petroleum liquids, natural gas and coal—were the dominant source of world energy production. From 1950 to 2005, fossil fuels provided 85–93% of all energy production. All fossil fuels grew substantially during this period, their combined growth exceeding the increase in world population. This growth, however, was irregular, providing for rapidly growing per capita production from 1950 to 1980, stable per capita production from 1980 to 2000 and rising per capita production again after 2000. During the past half century, growth in fossil fuel production was essentially limited by energy demand. During the next half century, fossil fuel production will be limited primarily by the amount and characteristics of remaining fossil fuel resources. Three possible scenarios—low, medium and high—are developed for the production of each of the fossil fuels to 2050. These scenarios differ primarily by the amount of ultimate resources estimated for each fossil fuel. Total fossil fuel production will continue to grow, but only slowly for the next 15–30 years. The subsequent peak plateau will last for 10–15 years. These production peaks are robust; none of the fossil fuels, even with highly optimistic resource estimates, is projected to keep growing beyond 2050. World fossil fuel production per capita will thus begin an irreversible decline between 2020 and 2030.

Lessons learnt from 15 years of ICA in anaerobic digesters

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Steyer ◽  
O. Bernard ◽  
D.J. Batstone ◽  
I. Angelidaki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Rate Processes

Anaerobic digestion plants are highly efficient wastewater treatment processes with inherent energy production. Despite these advantages, many industries are still reluctant to use them because of their instability confronted with changes in operating conditions. There is therefore great potential for application of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) in the field of anaerobic digestion. This paper will discuss the requirements (in terms of on-line sensors needed, modelling efforts and mathematical complexity) but also the advantages and drawbacks of different control strategies that have been applied to AD high rate processes over the last 15 years.

Current Scenario of Solar Energy Production in Bangladesh and Future Potentiality

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1234-1241
Author(s):  
Debesh Biswas Mridul ◽  
Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Mithun Kumar Biswas ◽  
Anupa Datta ◽  
Khan Mohammad Ridwan Ul Risty
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Current Scenario

As a developing country, Bangladesh is undergoing a huge expansion in industrial and commercial infrastructures which is resulting in the acceleration of energy demand exponentially and it will continue in the same trend in the coming future. These growing demands have necessitated the approaches to generate energy from the sustainable resources, not only to meet the energy requirements but also to reduce GWP (Global Warming Potential), decrease CO2 emissions, and ensure cost effectiveness in the long run.

Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kiestra ◽  
E. Eggers
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Operational Aspects

A general analysis is made of the current treatment methods for industrial wastewater. Mechanical, physico-chemical and biological treatment processes are discussed and the pros and contras of aerobic versus anaerobic treatment are listed, in terms of BOD and COD reduction, energy demand, operational aspects, land use, sensitivity and sludge production. In general, anaerobic treatment is attractive in cases where wastewater with high BOD concentrations has to be treated while aerobic treatment is less sensitive and allows (de) nitrification in the same reactor. The latest developments in wastewater treatment, such as the ANAMET and the Gist-Brocades systems, are presented. Three cases of industrial wastewater treatment are elaborated, concerning effluents from a tannery, a slaughterhouse and an oil refinery.

Some insights in the effect of growing bio-energy demand on global food security and natural resources

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (S1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Müller ◽  
Josef Schmidhuber ◽  
Jippe Hoogeveen ◽  
Pasquale Steduto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
National Level ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Population ◽  
Other Hand

Growing crops for biofuels is often criticized because of its direct competition for land for food production. The recent price increases on world food markets are partly a result of this competition. For instance, cereals prices have increased by more than 60% since 2005 and in 2006 sugar prices peaked at a level twice as high as the level of previous years. There are concerns whether these increases will continue and if the world will run out of resources for food production. According to the authors, these concerns are largely unwarranted. For one, higher prices for food also mean that feedstocks are becoming increasingly expensive for bio-energy production and this endogenously limits the amount of feedstocks that will be used in the energy market. In addition, there is no imminent global resource shortage, neither for land nor for water that would support these concerns. Even with an expanding world population there is globally still enough land and water to grow a substantial amount of biomass for both food and bio-energy production. However, there is an uneven distribution of natural resources, resulting in huge regional differences with important areas experiencing major land and water shortages. China and India, for example, account together for more than 35% of the total global population and both have exploited most of the land and water resources available for agriculture. On the other hand, sub-Saharan Africa and South America still have the potential, in terms of suitable land and exploitable water, to expand areas for agricultural production. The growing demand for bio-energy will have a negative and positive effect on food. Higher food prices can increase food insecurity among the urban poor and the rural landless population. On the other hand higher prices and more marketable production can stimulate the agricultural sector and create new opportunities for rural communities. At the national level it can offer development opportunities for countries with significant resources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document