Thermal evaluation of an indirect air heating system using solar collectors

One of the current problems is the use of energy obtained from fossil fuels, especially due to the emission of greenhouse gases. An option to replace fossil fuels is the use of alternative energies such as solar or wind energy. The objective of this work is to carry out a thermal and energy analysis of an indirect air heating system that receives energy through solar collectors that operate with water as the thermal fluid used in a food dehydration system, in order to know the efficiency of the system and therefore, make improvements to the circuit, in addition to the characterization of the water storage tank of the system, obtain the amount of energy that can be provided and the behavior of temperatures at different operating flows. According to the methodology, the temperature profile was obtained inside the hot water tank in two modes of operation (heating and energy extraction) reaching temperatures of 50 to 70 ° C, where the optimum temperature for drying is found and in turn reaching an efficiency 84%, compared to a conventional drying system that uses LP gas.

BPM in the analysis of sale energy electric

This article presents the results of an investigation carried out in the agency Zitácuaro for sale of energy, with the BPM ideology which strengthens the processes in an organization, becomes more transparent and manageable by all. In combination with software engineering, they are responsible for transforming, defining, executing and managing processes and tasks, providing solutions and improvements, these transformations based on added value, generating customer satisfaction, so if these transformations are strengthened, It will be influencing process improvements, emphasizing that it provides satisfactory quantitative results. Sales results have been of great impact in the eastern region of Michoacán.

Ethanol as an alternative to water vapor for saving energy and fossil fuels in thermoelectric plants

This article proposes the use of ethanol in a 96% azeotropic mixture as an alternative to water vapor in thermoelectric generators with notable advantages in saving fuel. As is known, water is a cheap resource, available everywhere in a liquid state. However, water has an unusually high heat of vaporization and an equally high boiling point, so converting water to steam requires consuming large amounts of fossil fuels to break the hydrogen bonds in this substance. In contrast, evaporating ethanol requires only 37 percent of the fuel needed to evaporate water. In addition, water, before turning into steam, needs to be softened and treated with chemicals to prevent oxidation and scale deposits in pipes. If quality ethanol is used, this process of adjusting the water would not be necessary, which represents another saving. On the other hand, it is possible to resort to the use of solar heaters to raise the temperature of the ethanol to around 70ºC to later heat it to 80ºC or more, if necessary, with fossil fuels, making more significant savings. Objectives: To propose the replacement of water vapor by ethanol vapor as a working fluid to move the turbines of thermoelectric plants to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. Methodology: Analyze the physical properties of water and compare them with those of ethanol to know the advantages and disadvantages of one and the other as working fluids Contribution: Through small modifications in thermoelectric plants it is possible to reconvert them to operate with ethanol vapor and save on fossil fuels.

Bioethanol production of second generation from corn cob

Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic materials has several environmental and economic advantages. In this work, corn cob was used to produce ethanol by fermentation. The cob was grounded, hydrolyzed chemically, and then enzymatically. Later, hydrolysates were used as a carbon source to formulate culture media that were inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae; hollocellulose content was quantified by the ASTM D-1104 method; cellulose content by the TAPPTI 212 method; lignin content by the NREL / TP-510-42618 method; and ethanol was quantified by HPLC. In fermentation, bioethanol yields of up to 3.5 g / L were found, equivalent to YP/S value of 0.46, representing approximately 90% of the theoretical yield.

The Sun, Energetic option for Universidad Tecnológica de Salamanca

For the Universidad Tecnológica de Salamanca it has been necessary and very important its building become sustainable, therefore, the sun is an energy option to achieve it, this study shows the use of clean energy to produce electrical energy, the objective is to use the photovoltaic effect using technology and regional suppliers, so that when it is a sunny day, electricity is generated and when this resource is not available, the service of the electricity company, CFE in Mexico provides it. It begins by locating within the globe the point where the SFVI (interconnected photovoltaic system) will be installed, in this case latitude 20.577136 and longitude -101.232293, there are two requirements prior to meeting, which has to do with the selection of the location, the first It refers to technical aspects, such as solar resources, type of terrain and the shadows that could be generated in the place, according to the fulfillment of legal requirements and necessary permits for the selected place. The criteria used in the Interconnected photovoltaic system are shown, to achieve sustainability for Universidad Tecnológica de Salamanca.

Numerical analysis of residential energy consumption using IoT

Modern technology has changed our lives in many aspects revolutionizing how we work, live, and communicate. This fourth industrial revolution allows the organizations to be easily monitored and efficient management. The efficiency and supply of electrical energy is important issue for human development. In this work the analysis of the electrical energy of a residential house is approached. The methodology used for the analysis of the efficiency electrical energy is based initially on the determination of the numerical areas to obtain the respective energy consumption. The information obtained is stored in real time in ThingSpeak. NodeMCU comes with the ESP8266, this chip used in the development of the electronic device of this work is open-source Lua based firmware with development board specially targeted for IoT applications. In this paper the numerical integral is used to obtain the energy consumption. The main contribution of this work is obtaining a reliable tool to measure and store data in the cloud in real time.

Morphing wing models analysis and synthesis for the sustainable aeronautics industry

The morphing type wings aim is to improve their aerodynamic performance in each flight condition as a bird would do it, this improvement is obtained by modifying its shape through intelligent mechanisms. Optimizing and dynamically adapting the shape of the wings to various flight conditions, leads to many unexplored possibilities for improvement that have been identified beyond current model test demonstrations. This research aimed to analyze the most prominent examples of morphing concepts in models of previous wing experimentation. Morphing concepts have certain limitations on a large scale, however some consortia have chosen to investigate it, in full-scale models. In this work, a mixed type methodology is presented covering qualitative and quantitative research studies on morphing-type wings. Finally, it is mentioned the importance of continuing to investigate these models and it is considered that the implementation of real models will aid to optimize the conditions leading to sustainable development models.

Analysis of the scientific production on renewable energies within the framework of sustainability in Mexico

With the turn of the 20th century to the 21st, the urgent need to carry out a critique of the current techno-energy pattern, which is based on the intensive use of fossil fuels, becomes more evident. Derived from this productive, energy and material consumption of gas and oil, the conditions have been generated for the configuration of an environmental crisis. In such a way that, there is an urgent need to carry out research that explores the various alternative sources of energy that today appear as an alternative to reduce the negative impact of industrial, agro-industrial and urban activities on the environment. This paper reflects on the problems that exist in Mexico around the development and marginal adoption of renewable energies as a productive source. While 91.2% of energy in Mexico is produced by burning fossil fuels, it can be established that the energy structure in Mexico is unsustainable. For this reason, a change in energy thinking based on efficiency and sustainability is required, considering both as axes for the use of renewable energies. The goals of the article are: 1) to present a context study, analyzing the production of electrical energy with fossil sources in Mexico, alluding to the difficulty of the transition towards the use of renewable energies. Second, the production of renewable energies in the country is analyzed to find out if investment in them is sustainable.

Alternativa energética sustentable mediante la utilización de aislantes térmicos de diferentes materiales en edificaciones con sistemas de aire acondicionado

A methodology is proposed for calculating the cooling load and the energy consumption of air conditioning equipment in three scale models of buildings under study, using the ASHRAE CLTD / SCL / CLF method. The building in which the mentioned method is used are three scale models of buildings located in the city of Poza Rica, state of Veracruz, Mexico. This method is applied in order to obtain the cooling load as exact as possible and thus avoid oversizing in air conditioning equipment, and by using thermal insulation, achieve a decrease in energy consumption and thus contribute to the reduction of CO2 emissions, to energy saving and therefore to sustainable development. The cooling load is calculated by applying the proposed methodology to three cases: model A, B and C. The results for the three test models, object of this study, are compared. Measurements of energy consumption are made to perform the error analysis of the actual energy consumption with respect to that calculated using the method. Finally, energy savings are quantified, in the cases mentioned.

Determinación de los parámetros cinéticos de la pirolisis de la biomasa lignocelulosica

Over the past decades, interest in renewable energy and the environment has grown considerably, with a significant effort being made in the field of energy efficiency, the creation of sustainable technologies and the reduction of the carbon footprint. Therefore, the use of biomass in an economical and efficient way is of interest, and its study and analysis becomes necessary. In this work, kinetic parameters such as activation energy (Ea) and preexponential factor (A) were determined for apple residues using the non-isothermal thermogravimetric method and treating the data obtained under the models mathematicians of the differential method and the maximum speed method, and additionally performing the activation energy distribution. The calculation of the activation energy helped to see the way in which thermal decomposition takes place (if there are one or more processes and in what range of conversions they occur), through the characteristic kinetic constants provided by the kinetic models, allowed to identify the gaseous species emitted by the material, and thus study the processes through which such decomposition occurs