scholarly journals Evaluating Latency in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems for the Smart Grid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3322
Author(s):  
Sara Alonso ◽  
Jesús Lázaro ◽  
Jaime Jiménez ◽  
Unai Bidarte ◽  
Leire Muguira
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Processing System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Timing Constraint ◽  
Time Part

Smart grid endpoints need to use two environments within a processing system (PS), one with a Linux-type operating system (OS) using the Arm Cortex-A53 cores for management tasks, and the other with a standalone execution or a real-time OS using the Arm Cortex-R5 cores. The Xen hypervisor and the OpenAMP framework allow this, but they may introduce a delay in the system, and some messages in the smart grid need a latency lower than 3 ms. In this paper, the Linux thread latencies are characterized by the Cyclictest tool. It is shown that when Xen hypervisor is used, this scenario is not suitable for the smart grid as it does not meet the 3 ms timing constraint. Then, standalone execution as the real-time part is evaluated, measuring the delay to handle an interrupt created in programmable logic (PL). The standalone application was run in A53 and R5 cores, with Xen hypervisor and OpenAMP framework. These scenarios all met the 3 ms constraint. The main contribution of the present work is the detailed characterization of each real-time execution, in order to facilitate selecting the most suitable one for each application.

scholarly journals Development of a Secured Shared Processing System

10.28945/2156 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderonke Peace Akinduro ◽  
Boniface Kayode Alese ◽  
Olufunso Dayo Alowolodu ◽  
Aderonke Favour-Bethy Thompson ◽  
Akintoba Emmanuel Akinwonmi
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Distributed System ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Public Key Cryptography ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Key

The most common way of ensuring confidentiality of data or documents by individuals, governments, and institutions such as banks, hospitals, and other commercial enterprises is by consigning their secrets to a computer system. But this has not solved the problems of upholding security, instead they are more compounded due to the fact that secrets sharing is generally desired but only in a tightly controlled manner. This could be resolved by the introduction of a secured shared processing system. Secured shared processing system is a system that comprises of several computers whereby one stands as a secured, trusted system while the other systems are connected to it. The system do not divide up a memory or a clock; the computers only communicate with each other by exchanging messages over a communication channel; and each computer has its own memory and operates on its own operating system. This is achieved with the aid of Cryptographic mechanisms in which EI Gamal model was adopted as a Public-key cryptography scheme which will be applied on a workstation distributed System.

scholarly journals Counterpoint as a contentive and stylistic device in the intermedial genre (about Viktor Shenderovich’s A Flute Solo)

Literatūra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-124
Author(s):  
Eleonora Lassan
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stylistic Device

In 2015, Vremya Publishing House issued A Flute Solo, a book by V. Shenderovich, a multigenre and, according to the author of the article, intermedial work, since the peculiarities of the content of a political satire and a tragedy, a farce and a fantasy on the one hand and some features of musical pieces, a fugue in particular, on the other hand, have merged there. The author provides a detailed characterization of the plot, constructed as a grotesque depiction of the reality, the composition as relating a verbal text to a piece of music, and the symbolic value of certain elements, allowing not to agree to the definition of the book as being “desperately hopeless”.

scholarly journals Object Detection and Tracking using YOLO v3 Framework for Increased Resolution Video

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Video Frame ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Vehicle Detection And Tracking ◽  
Feature Extractor ◽  
Classified Image

The proposed system is used for vehicle detection and tracking from the high-resolution video. It detects the object (vehicles) and recognizes the object comparing its features with the features of the objects stored in the database. If the features match, then object is tracked. There are two steps of implementation, online and offline process. In offline process the data in the form of images are given to feature extractor and then after to the trained YOLO v3 model and weight files is generated form the pre-trained YOLO v3 model. In online phase, real-time video is applied to feature extractor to extract the features and then applied to the pre-trained YOLO v3 model. The other reference to YOLO v3 model pre-trained is the output of weight file. The YOLO v3 model process on the video frame and weight file extracted features, the model output is classified image. In YOLO v3 Darknet-53 is used along with Keras, some libraries with OpenCV, Tensor Flow, and Numpy. The proposed system is implemented on PC Intel Pentium G500, 8GB and operating system Windows 7 is used for processing our system. The system is tested on PASCAL VOC dataset and the results obtained are accuracy 80%, precision 80%, recall 100%, F1-Score 88%, mAP 76.7%, and 0.018%. The system is implemented using python 3.6.0 software and also tested using real-time video having 1280x720 and 1920x1080 resolutions. The execution time for one frame of video having resolution of 1280x720 (HD) and 1920x1080 (FHD) and 1280x720 (HD) are 1.840 second and 4.414808 seconds respectively with accuracy is 80%.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Input Substrate Characteristics Included in the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1)

Ingeniería ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Andrea Morales ◽  
Angel David Rodriguez ◽  
Herbert Enrique Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Expensive Process ◽  
Range Of Variation

Context: Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is a well-established process and widely used for wastewater treatment and power generation worldwide. In engineering, the Anaerobic Digestion Model number 1 (ADM1) is the preferred tool for predicting the behavior of AD. However, this model requires a detailed characterization of the input substrate, which is often a difficult and expensive process. This paper presents an analysis of the input waste variables in the ADM1 and its effects on the biogas production, in order to identify on which variables the characterization should be centered.Method: A sensitivity analysis was performed using a simple methodology that consisted of establishing a reference case and change the value of each input concentrations one at a time leaving the other parameters equal. For this a specific range of variation was defined using the values of parameter extracted from several references. Simulations were done in MATLAB/Simulink® using a routine developed by the authors based on the ADM1 implementation proposed in the Lund University, Sweden.Results: The analysis reveals that most critical variables involved in the methane production are temperature, volumetric flow rate of substrates and the concentrations of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. For the case analyzed, variations in concentrations of lipids and carbohydrates increase the production of methane by more than 500%.Conclusions: In the concentrations of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates should focus the characterization of waste input when the ADM1 is implemented. Also, simulations shows that the input concentrations should be carefully estimated because oversizing of these can cause erroneous results.Language: English

A Dual-Core Operating System Framework Based on AutoSAR OS for HCS12X Series Processor

2014 ◽  
Vol 536-537 ◽  
pp. 1041-1046
Author(s):  
Jian Chun Jiang ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Peng Hua Li ◽  
Kai Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Framework ◽  
Alarm Management ◽  
Real Time Operating System ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Dual Core ◽  
Series Processor

One kind of processors with coprocessor is widely used in control areas. Traditional single-core operating system (OS) cant support the coprocessor. In order to take full advantage of the performance of the processor, we presented a real-time operating system framework named AutoOSEK-CP on the basis of AutoOSEK, which is a single-core operating system based on AutoSAR OS, to support dual-core processor. In this architecture, alarm management, interrupt processing and inter-core communication mechanism were moved in coprocessor module, and the master processor was responsible for the other functions of OS. Finally, we designed a prototype of AutoOSEK-CP to test the performance in HCS12XEP100. The results showed that the real-time performance and the time-tick accuracy were improved significantly compared with AutoOSEK.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF USART COMMUNICATION BETWEEN REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM (RTOS) AND NATIVE INTERRUPT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Novian Habibie ◽  
Machmud Roby Alhamidi ◽  
Dwi Marhaendro Jati Purnomo ◽  
Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Real Time Operating System ◽  
Interrupt Service Routine ◽  
External Component

Comunication between microcontrollers is one of the crucial point in embedded sytems. On the other hand, embedded system must be able to run many parallel task simultaneously. To handle this, we need a reliabe system that can do a multitasking without decreasing every task’s performance. The most widely used methods for multitasking in embedded systems are using Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) or using Real Time Operating System (RTOS). This research compared perfomance of USART communication on system with RTOS to a system that use interrupt. Experiments run on two identical development board XMega A3BU-Xplained which used intenal sensor (light and temperature) and used servo as external component. Perfomance comparison done by counting ping time (elapsing time to transmit data and get a reply as a mark that data has been received) and compare it. This experiments divided into two scenarios: (1) system loaded with many tasks, (2) system loaded with few tasks. Result of the experiments show that communication will be faster if system only loaded with few tasks. System with RTOS has won from interrupt in case (1), but lose to interrupt in case (2).

A very rapid in situ Kikuchi technique to determine relative crystal misorientation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 830-831
Author(s):  
J. I. Bennetch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
The Other ◽  
Kikuchi Pattern ◽  
Kikuchi Line ◽  
Line Analysis

In a recent study of the superplastic forming (SPF) behavior of certain Al-Li-X alloys, the relative misorientation between adjacent (sub)grains proved to be an important parameter. It is well established that the most accurate way to determine misorientation across boundaries is by Kikuchi line analysis. However, the SPF study required the characterization of a large number of (sub)grains in each sample to be statistically meaningful, a very time-consuming task even for comparatively rapid Kikuchi analytical techniques.In order to circumvent this problem, an alternate, even more rapid in-situ Kikuchi technique was devised, eliminating the need for the developing of negatives and any subsequent measurements on photographic plates. All that is required is a double tilt low backlash goniometer capable of tilting ± 45° in one axis and ± 30° in the other axis. The procedure is as follows. While viewing the microscope screen, one merely tilts the specimen until a standard recognizable reference Kikuchi pattern is centered, making sure, at the same time, that the focused electron beam remains on the (sub)grain in question.

Rapid Isolation of High Molecular Weight Urokinase from Native Human Urine

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Huber ◽  
Johannes Kirchheimer ◽  
Bernd R Binder
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity ◽  
Sequential Adsorption

SummaryUrokinase (UK) could be purified to apparent homogeneity starting from crude urine by sequential adsorption and elution of the enzyme to gelatine-Sepharose and agmatine-Sepharose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The purified product exhibited characteristics of the high molecular weight urokinase (HMW-UK) but did contain two distinct entities, one of which exhibited a two chain structure as reported for the HMW-UK while the other one exhibited an apparent single chain structure. The purification described is rapid and simple and results in an enzyme with probably no major alterations. Yields are high enough to obtain purified enzymes for characterization of UK from individual donors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document