scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of Logistics Performance on Energy Trade

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Katarzyna Górecka ◽  
Helga Pavlić Skender ◽  
Petra Adelajda Zaninović
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Energy Products ◽  
The Eu

Logistics has become one of the most important economic sectors. It significantly affects the transport infrastructure and many other sectors that are crucial for the country’s development. It is the factor that also influences trade efficiency. However, the question arises if logistics performance is significant for the trade of critical goods which are energy raw products. The aim of the paper is primarily to investigate the EU energy trade flows in general and to estimate the effect of logistics performance on the international trade of energy raw products. The energy raw products are grouped into solid, liquid, and gaseous products, and separate estimates are made for their export and import. The analysis also differentiates between the trade flows, that is export and import within the EU and trade flows between EU member states and third countries. The empirical model is based on the theory of gravity model extended to include the six subcomponents of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI). The results present that: (1) the standard gravity model variables, such as GDPs of reporter and partner countries and contiguity, are successful in explaining the trade flows of solid and liquid raw energy but in case of gas products, are insignificant; (2) the results indicate that all logistics’ performance subcomponents are highly significant and show positive effects on the export of liquid energy products, while for the solid and gas products, it seems to be insignificant when the energy commodities are more complex and costly to transport and store, and therefore, contiguity, i.e., when countries share a common border, positively affects energy trade.; (3) the EU imports most liquid energy products, but is generally very dependent on energy imports. EU policymakers should strive to either make more use of domestic resources or switch more to renewable energy sources

scholarly journals Effect of preferential trade agreements on China’s energy trade from Chinese and exporters’ perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1776-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Galkin ◽  
Carlo Andrea Bollino ◽  
Tarek Atalla
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Energy Products ◽  
Trade Gravity Model

Purpose China is a major energy import powerhouse, its trade deals have significant impact on international energy trade and global energy markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of energy in China’s preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and their impact on Chinese imports of oil, gas and coal. Design/methodology/approach An extended trade gravity model framework is applied to explore the dynamics of China’s annualized energy import flows from the 22 economies that have PTAs with it for the period 1995–2015. Findings The effect of PTAs on trade patterns varies across the product groups and agreement clauses. The dominant factor affecting trade flows of coal, crude oil and oil products is the average tariff level. Its impact is less significant for gas imports, which are more affected by policy arrangements represented by a PTA variable. The depth and scope of a PTA do not affect Chinese energy imports patterns. Research limitations/implications This paper is focused on exploring the effect of China’s trade and foreign relations strategies on its energy imports through the prism of its PTAs. Estimating the direct impact of China’s initiatives in the areas of trade, investment, security, culture, etc., on its trade flows of energy products and other product groups using the methodological framework proposed in this study would contribute to better understanding of the issue. Practical implications The findings can assist both China and energy exporting countries that target Chinese market in better understanding the drivers of trade flows of energy products and design their PTA strategies accordingly. Originality/value This study applies the trade gravity model framework to assess the impact of specific components of preferential trade agreements – tariff reduction and depth and scope of agreement – on energy trade flows differentiated by product group.

Evaluating Asian Free Trade Agreements: What Does Gravity Model Tell Us?

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Sunder Ramaswamy ◽  
Abishek Choutagunta ◽  
Santosh Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect

This paper evaluates the performance of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) by analysing the determinants of trade flows of Asian economies for a panel of 31 countries during 2007–2014 using a Gravity model. The estimated results suggest that certain FTAs negatively contribute to trade flows across the region and, that GDP and population, among other factors, can explain total trade flows. This study also finds that trade costs using distance as a proxy has a significant and negative effect on trade. Our results are in-line with the expectations which can be drawn by looking at trends of trade flows in Asia. Thus, a case is attempted for smoothening trade-flows across the region by reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers, pumping in investments on transport infrastructure and improving productivity of the partners as a whole which has positive effects on GDP and thus trade. JEL Codes: F13, F14, C23

scholarly journals Methodical approaches to energy supply with usage of renewable energy sources on objects of transport infrastructure of federal importance

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 15005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Shestakov ◽  
Olga Novikova ◽  
Artem Melnichenko ◽  
Anastasia Luchnikova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Potential Possibility ◽  
Methodological Approaches

In this article we consider the potential possibility of using renewable energy sources for the construction of transport infrastructure facilities of the Federal importance. We analyzed major promising projects for the construction of roads and bridges for the period until 2030 year, considered a step-by-step scheme for energy supply of a large facility, using the example of the Kerch bridge, and made an analysis of the potential usage of hybrid power plants based on renewable energy sources for the implementation of projects. We developed methodological approaches to the implementation of large-scale projects that would allow one to take into account not only economic efficiency, but all the positive effects that can be achieved from the project.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF THE BILATERAL TRADE FLOWS OF NORTH MACEDONIA– A GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Irena Kikerkova ◽  
◽  
Elena Makrevska Disoska ◽  
Katerina Toshevska-Trpchevska ◽  
Jasna Tonovska
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
Bilateral Trade Flows ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
The Eu

The paper makes an indetail overview of the structure of the trade exchange of goods of Macedonia and explores the determinants of its bilateral trade flows using the gravity model. The analysis includes data on 40 trade partners of Macedonia in the period from 2005-2019. The used variables in the model are: GDP per capita difference, population, distance and relative endowments of factors of production (capital, land and labour). In most of the analyzed regressions the coefficients on determinants such as GDP per capita difference and population are positive and their impact upon the bilateral trade (as dependent variable) is statistically significant. Intensity of Macedonian trade decreases in regard of the distance from a trade partner and increases in partner’s size – the country tends to trade more with lager countries. In our analysis we included three dummy variables such as: membership in the EU and in CEFTA-2006 and common language. The impact of the possible membership in the EU is clearly positive and statistically significant. Being a candidate country for full EU membership, Macedonia trades more with EU trade partners rather than with the neibouring countries, members of CEFTA-2006. Keywords: bilateral trade, gravity model, trade partners, Republic of North Macedonia, European Union, CEFTA-2006

scholarly journals COVID-19 CHALLENGES FOR EU EXTRA AND INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Makrevska Disoska ◽  
Irena Kikerkova ◽  
Katerina Toshevska- Trpchevska
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Member States ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Eu

The current COVID-19 crisis will take a severe toll upon the world and the EU economy. Exports and imports between member-states account for around 30.6% of EU GDP (average value for the period 2007-2018) and some EU economies are particularly exposed to the crisis due to their strong trade and value chain linkages. The trade with the rest of the world also decreased by mid-March 2020, and Rotterdam’s traffic from China fell for 20% compared to the same period in 2019. This paper estimates the different impact of the intra- EU trade and extra-EU trade on EU GDP growth. By separating extra-EU trade flows from intra-EU trade flows and using cross-section fixed method, panel least squares for the period 2008-2018, we obtained results that confirm that trade exchange within EU has significantly higher effect on per capita economic growth in comparison with trade exchange with countries outside the EU (taking in consideration the sample of EU-27 countries, excluding Great Britain).The findings prove that the current measures proposed by the EU institutions are essential for sustaining the function of the Internal Market and for EU growth prospects. Despite all efforts to remain united against the rising global challenges under the COVID-19 crisis, the Union is growing further apart. The member-states are imposing restrains on the internal trade flows thus jeopardizing the achieved positive effects of trade liberalization. It is certain that the financial crisis from 2008 caused increased Euro scepticism. Therefore differences in national views and priorities must be taken into account in order to reach a democratic compromise within the EU that is going to be both effective and legitimate in order to confront the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemics. The solidarity among member-states is challenged once again.

TRADE FLOWS BETWEEN CIS COUNTRIES: DOES THE GRAVITY MODEL WORK NOW?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Сергеевна Чудинова ◽  
Екатерина Николаевна Корнейченко ◽  
Ольга Борисовна Чаганова ◽  
Анастасия Михайловна Ротова
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Cis Countries

В статье представлены результаты проверки адекватности гравита-ционной модели в условиях глобализации мировой торговли. По статистическим данным для стран СНГ за 2011-2018 годы на основе гравитационной модели исследовано влияние масштаба экономики торговых партнеров и расстояния между странами на объем импорта. The article presents the results of assessing the adequacy of the gravity model in the context of world trade globalization. According to statistics for the CIS countries for 2011-2018 the effect of size of economies and distance between the countries on import volumes is studied on the basis of gravity model.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Menz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comparative Political Economy ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Roll Out

This chapter summarizes some of the book’s main arguments and provides avenues for future research. We point to the ideational turn as well as to culturally based enquiries into Comparative Political Economy as offering particular promise. Finally, this chapter additionally points to two major sources of societal and economic transformation, discussing in passing other major economic changes, such as increasing automation, advances in artificial intelligence, and the roll-out of robots across a variety of economic sectors. These two potentially explosive sources of change include energy security, a field in which the race for autarchy is juxtaposed with limits to the practical applicability of renewable energy sources. Environmental factors and environmental degradation similarly impose dramatic constraints to further economic development and might induce a dramatic reconfiguration.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sustainable Energy Development Progress in EU Member States in the Context of Building Renovation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4209
Author(s):  
Rita Remeikienė ◽  
Ligita Gasparėnienė ◽  
Aleksandra Fedajev ◽  
Marek Szarucki ◽  
Marija Đekić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The main goal of setting energy efficiency priorities is to find ways to reduce energy consumption without harming consumers and the environment. The renovation of buildings can be considered one of the main aspects of energy efficiency in the European Union (EU). In the EU, only 5% of the renovation projects have been able to yield energy-saving at the deep renovation level. No other study has thus far ranked the EU member states according to achieved results in terms of increased usage in renewable sources, a decrease in energy usage and import, and reduction in harmful gas emissions due to energy usage. The main purpose of this article is to perform a comparative analysis of EU economies according to selected indicators related to the usage of renewable resources, energy efficiency, and emissions of harmful gasses as a result of energy usage. The methodological contribution of our study is related to developing a complex and robust research method for investment efficiency assessment allowing the study of three groups of indicators related to the usage of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, and ecological aspects of energy. It was based on the PROMETHEE II method and allows testing it in other time periods, as well as modifying it for research purposes. The EU member states were categorized by such criteria as energy from renewables and biofuels, final energy consumption from renewables and biofuels, gross electricity generation from renewables and biofuels and import dependency, and usage of renewables and biofuels for heating and cooling. The results of energy per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions per million inhabitants (ECO2), energy per capita, the share of CO2 emissions from public electricity, and heat production from total CO2 emissions revealed that Latvia, Sweden, Portugal, Croatia, Austria, Lithuania, Romania, Denmark, and Finland are the nine most advanced countries in the area under consideration. In the group of the most advanced countries, energy consumption from renewables and biofuels is higher than the EU average.

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