scholarly journals An Optimized Fuzzy Controlled Charging System for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Genetic Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
György Károlyi ◽  
Anna I. Pózna ◽  
Katalin M. Hangos ◽  
Attila Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Charging Current

Fast charging is an attractive way of charging batteries; however, it may result in an undesired degradation of battery performance and lifetime because of the increase in battery temperature during fast charge. In this paper we propose a simple optimized fuzzy controller that is responsible for the regulation of the charging current of a battery charging system. The basis of the method is a simple dynamic equivalent circuit type model of the Li-ion battery that takes into account the temperature dependency of the model parameters, too. Since there is a tradeoff between the charging speed determined by the value of the charging current and the increase in temperature of the battery, the proposed fuzzy controller is applied for controlling the charging current as a function of the temperature. The controller is optimized using a genetic algorithm to ensure a jointly minimal charging time and battery temperature increase during the charging. The control method is adaptive in the sense that we use parameter estimation of an underlying dynamic battery model to adapt to the actual status of the battery after each charging. The performance and properties of the proposed optimized charging control system are evaluated using a simulation case study. The evaluation was performed in terms of the charge profiles, using the fitness values of the individuals, and in terms of the charge performance on the actual battery. The proposed method has been evaluated compared to the conventional contant current-constant voltage methods. We have found that the proposed GA-fuzzy controller gives a slightly better performance in charging time while significantly decreasing the temperature increase.

Modeling and Simulation Research on Lithium-Ion Battery in Electric Vehicles Based on Genetic Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 246-249
Author(s):  
Cheng Lin ◽  
Xiao Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Battery Model

Based on the genetic algorithm (GA), a novel type of parameters identification method on battery model was proposed. The battery model parameters were optimized by genetic optimization algorithm and the other parameters were identified through the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test. Accuracy and efficiency of the battery model were validated with the dynamic stress test (DST). Simulation and experiment results shows that the proposed model of the lithium-ion battery with identified parameters was accurate enough to meet the requirements of the state of charge (SoC) estimation and battery management system.

scholarly journals Automatic Design of Battery Charging System Power Supply from Photovoltaic Sources Base on Voltage

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
S Triwijaya ◽  
A Pradipta ◽  
T Wati
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Charging Control ◽  
System Power

Abstract Short charging times are desirable from a battery powered system. However, the short charging time must also be considered the reliability of the system. Where the short charging time does not cause damage to the control system and battery. The battery has an important role as a source of power supply when the sun is not bright. By minimizing battery charging time, the battery can be maximally utilized as a power store. So the minimum charging time is obtained, but with maximum storage power. We present battery charging control method and auto switch off on this system. The controller is based on a constant voltage (CV) charge control scheme. In order to keep the parameters constant, this research prototype uses a DC-DC controller. The experimental results show that, the new controller charging period is significantly reduced. Moreover, the proposed controller has high accuracy and minimized battery overcharging.

scholarly journals Cooperative Control for Multi-Module Charging Systems of Ultracapacitors

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5218
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Zhang ◽  
Jiaxuan Lei ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Hongtao Liao ◽  
Jun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Charging Current ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
Laboratory Prototype ◽  
Multiple Module

Ultracapacitors have recently received great attention for energy storage due to their small pollution, high power density, and long lifetime. In many applications, ultracapacitors need to be charged with a high current, where a multi-module charging system is typically adopted. Although the classical decentralized control method can control the charging process of ultracapacitors, there exists a problem that the charging current may be imbalanced among charging modules. In this paper, a cooperative cascade charging method is proposed for the multi-module charging system to reduce the current imbalance among charging modules. First, the state-space averaging method and graph theory are used to model the multiple-module charging system. Second, an effective cooperative cascade control is proposed, where the outer voltage loop stabilizes the output voltage to the desired voltage and the inner current loop guarantees the current of each charger to follow the target current. The block diagram is used to establish the closed-loop model of the charging system. In order to evaluate the proposed charging method, a laboratory prototype was established. Compared with the classical decentralized method, this method can effectively suppress the current imbalance, which is proved by simulation and experimental results.

scholarly journals New Cell Balancing Charging System Research for Lithium-ion Batteries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Chan-Yong Zun ◽  
Sang-Uk Park ◽  
Hyung-Soo Mok
Keyword(s):  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Battery Management Systems ◽  
Cell Balancing

With recent advancements in the electrical industry, the demand for high capacity and high energy density batteries has increased, subsequently increasing the demand for fast and reliable battery charging. A battery is an assembly of a plurality of cells, in which maintaining a balance between neighboring cells is crucial for stable charging. To this end, various methods have been applied to battery management systems. Representative methods for maintaining the balance in battery cells include a passive method of adjusting the balance using a resistor and an active method involving the exchange of energy between the cells. However, these methods are limited in terms of efficiency, lifespan, and charging time. Therefore, in this study, we propose a new charging method at the battery cell level and demonstrate its effectiveness through experiments.

scholarly journals Simulation of the Electrochemical and Thermal Properties of Electric Vehicle Power Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-632
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Li ◽  
Meng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Discharge Rates

The optimal energy and power performance of lithium ion batteries can be attained if a suitable thermal battery management system is used. Furthermore, to ensure the safe operation, a well functioning temperature control method, is needed. To achieve these goals, the simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics used to construct a three-dimensional electrochemical/thermal model of a monomer lithium ion battery. The simulation makes it possible to study the thermal characteristics at different ambient temperatures and different discharge rates. The obtained main outcomes are 1) The temperature of the lithium ion battery increases with increasing discharge ratio, and a sudden temperature increase is observed for higher discharge ratios, 2) For constant discharge rates, the temperature increase of the battery occurs mainly in the positive and negative electrode region, while lower temperatures are observed in the center and lower-edge region. A comparison between simulation and obtained date, indicates that the three-dimensional electrochemical/thermal model of the monomer lithium ion battery described the lithium ion battery well in terms of both heat generation and heat transfer.

Modular and scalable automation for field robots

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Julia Osten ◽  
Catrin Weyers ◽  
Kevin Bregler ◽  
Thomas Emter ◽  
Janko Petereit
Keyword(s):  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Field Robots ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Charging Current ◽  
Latency Jitter ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Abstract This article describes a modular and scalable charging and navigation concept for electrified field robots and other agricultural machines. The concept consists of an underbody charging system on a trailer and a modular navigation box. The underlying conductive charging process is compared to other charging techniques. Charging time in relation to charging current and mean power consumption in field use is displayed. In the navigation box, data of various sensors are combined by means of multi-sensor fusion regarding the precise time of arrival. Time synchronization is achieved by a novel method for compensating the data latency jitter by employing Kalman-based timestamp filtering. Furthermore, navigation functionalities, such as motion planning and mapping, are presented.

Design and Realization of Battery Intelligent Charging System

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 3057-3060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Shun Wang ◽  
Xiao Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Charging System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Charging Control ◽  
Charging Current ◽  
Dynamic Charging ◽  
Time Changes

Base on the existing disadvantages of the conventional three-stage charging method, the paper provided a intelligent and dynamic Charging ideal with a fuzzy control ideal based on J. A. Mas 's law and the characteristics of lead-acid battery charging. A fuzzy controller design achieved according to the empirical data of charging control and the systems hardware and software realized with PIC6014 microcontroller as the core. Experiments show: The intelligent and dynamic charging systems based on fuzzy control enable the charging current to achieve real-time changes according to the acceptable current size of the battery, enhanced the energy efficiency and avoid over-charge and less-charge effectively, realized efficient, fast and safe charging.

scholarly journals Primary Control Method of Wireless Charging System Based on Load Characteristics

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Chen ◽  
Chao Rao ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Zhenxin Chen ◽  
Chunsen Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Equivalent Load ◽  
Secondary Side

Aiming at the output control issues of a lithium ion battery wireless charging system, a primary side control method based on load characteristic identification is proposed. The primary side impedance is calculated by detecting the effective value of the primary side voltage and current, and the mapping relationship between the equivalent load and the primary side impedance is established based on the AC impedance model. Using this mapping relation, the output of the secondary side can be regulated indirectly by controlling the input voltage of the inverter. Compared with the traditional control methods, the proposed control method not only eliminates the communication requirement between the primary side and secondary side, but also simplifies the hardware circuit design, reduces the complexity of the control circuit and also reduces the volume and cost of the system. In the paper, the impedance characteristics of the lithium ion battery at constant current and constant voltage stage are analyzed. The principle of the primary side control method is expounded and the realization method is given. The feasibility of the proposed control method is verified by simulation and experiment.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effect of the Variable Charging Current Control Method on Cycle Life of Li-ion Batteries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 3023 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Ho Cho ◽  
Pyeong-Yeon Lee ◽  
Jong-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Charging Current

Applications of rechargeable batteries have recently expanded from small information technology (IT) devices to a wide range of other industrial sectors, including vehicles, rolling stocks, and energy storage system (ESS), as a part of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance convenience. The capacity of rechargeable batteries adopted in individual products is meanwhile increasing and the price of the batteries in such products has become an important factor in determining the product price. In the case of electric vehicles, the price of batteries has increased to more than 40% of the total product cost. In response, various battery management technologies are being studied to increase the service life of products with large-capacity batteries and reduce maintenance costs. In this paper, a charging algorithm to increase the service life of batteries is proposed. The proposed charging algorithm controls charging current in anticipation of heating inside the battery while the battery is being charged. The validity of the proposed charging algorithm is verified through an experiment to compare charging cycles using high-capacity type lithium-ion cells and high-power type lithium-ion cells.

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