scholarly journals Digital Literacy and Electronic Business

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-941
Author(s):  
Paul Grefen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Digital Ecosystems ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Broad Interpretation

Digital literacy is a term that traditionally describes the extent to which a person is able to use interactive digital devices for living and working, such as computers and smartphones, as well as services delivered through these devices. The advent of the digital society at large and electronic business, specifically in the past decades, has broadened the use of digital devices beyond the isolated uses of working and simple communication; this advent has created digital ecosystems in which workers and consumers are embedded to various degrees, such as social media platforms or integrated shopping and media platforms. This embedding implies that a traditional, narrow notion of digital literacy needs to be extended and made more precise. For this purpose, we use the related notions of digital dexterity, digital proficiency and digital awareness. The term digital dexterity describes the extent to which an individual can handle or operate digital devices or services from a physical perspective. The term digital proficiency describes the extent to which an individual can use digital means to effectively and efficiently facilitate their living and working. The term digital awareness describes the extent to which individuals can understand what their position in digital ecosystems is, including the opportunities and threats of participating in these ecosystems. Digital literacy in the modern, broad interpretation is then the combination of digital dexterity, digital proficiency and digital awareness.

scholarly journals Quantified Nostalgia: Social Media, Metrics, and Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512110088
Author(s):  
Benjamin N. Jacobsen ◽  
David Beer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Focus Group Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Memory Practices ◽  
The Relationship

As social media platforms have developed over the past decade, they are no longer simply sites for interactions and networked sociality; they also now facilitate backwards glances to previous times, moments, and events. Users’ past content is turned into definable objects that can be scored, rated, and resurfaced as “memories.” There is, then, a need to understand how metrics have come to shape digital and social media memory practices, and how the relationship between memory, data, and metrics can be further understood. This article seeks to outline some of the relations between social media, metrics, and memory. It examines how metrics shape remembrance of the past within social media. Drawing on qualitative interviews as well as focus group data, the article examines the ways in which metrics are implicated in memory making and memory practices. This article explores the effect of social media “likes” on people’s memory attachments and emotional associations with the past. The article then examines how memory features incentivize users to keep remembering through accumulation. It also examines how numerating engagements leads to a sense of competition in how the digital past is approached and experienced. Finally, the article explores the tensions that arise in quantifying people’s engagements with their memories. This article proposes the notion of quantified nostalgia in order to examine how metrics are variously performative in memory making, and how regimes of ordinary measures can figure in the engagement and reconstruction of the digital past in multiple ways.

Scientific Mapping of Social Media in Education: A Decade of Exponential Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 073563312097201
Author(s):  
Jessie S. Barrot
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Media In Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Geographical Scope ◽  
Bibliometric Approach ◽  
Social Media In Education

Given the increasing number of research on social media for educational purposes, few studies have examined the scientific literature in this field of interest. However, reviews that comprehensively mapped this research landscape in a broader view remain very limited. It is on this premise that the current study identifies the growth trajectory, distribution, and topical foci of scientific literature on social media in education published between 2007 and 2019. A total of 2,215 documents from Scopus-indexed journals were analysed. Using a bibliometric approach, the findings show a steady growth of scientific output and citations and the expansion of the topical foci in the past decade. Of the 15 examined social media platforms, Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube have attracted the greatest attention, while the rest remained underexplored or unexplored. The popularity of certain platforms among scholars was attributed to three factors: the number of active users, the pedagogical affordances, and the geographical scope. Implications for future studies are discussed.

“It’s TikTok with no c!”: the Need for Critical Literacy Curricula in the Elementary Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Yoonjin Nam
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Literacy ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Elementary Classroom ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Video Sharing ◽  
Hip Hop Pedagogy ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Abstract Students walk into the classroom with numerous hours of exposure to social media. Through different social media platforms, they engage in digital literacy and experience entertainment but also, questions, frustrations and different negotiations of their identities. This qualitative, ethnographic case study was done in an elementary classroom in the Midwest. Participants revealed their keen awareness to the viral debates that happened on TikTok (a mobile video- sharing app) regarding race and the frustrations they experienced through it personally. These findings suggest the urgent need for critical literacy curricula (specifically critical Hip Hop pedagogy) to be implemented within schools for dialogue to even begin which could eventually become an avenue for students to express their agency.

scholarly journals A Framework for Interrogating Social Media Images to Reveal an Emergent Archive of War

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 196-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijus Pleska ◽  
Andrew Hoskins ◽  
Karen Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Media Images ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Identification Techniques

The visual image has long been central to how war is seen, contested and legitimised, remembered and forgotten. Archives are pivotal to these ends as is their ownership and access, from state and other official repositories through to the countless photographs scattered and hidden from a collective understanding of what war looks like in individual collections and dusty attics. With the advent and rapid development of social media, however, the amateur and the professional, the illicit and the sanctioned, the personal and the official, and the past and the present, all seem to inhabit the same connected and chaotic space. However, to even begin to render intelligible the complexity, scale and volume of what war looks like in social media archives is a considerable task, given the limitations of any traditional human-based method of collection and analysis. We thus propose the production of a series of ‘snapshots’, using computer-aided extraction and identification techniques to try to offer an experimental way in to conceiving a new imaginary of war. We were particularly interested in testing to see if twentieth century wars, obviously initially captured via pre-digital means, had become more ‘settled’ over time in terms of their remediated presence today through their visual representations and connections on social media, compared with wars fought in digital media ecologies (i.e. those fought and initially represented amidst the volume and pervasiveness of social media images). To this end, we developed a framework for automatically extracting and analysing war images that appear in social media, using both the features of the images themselves, and the text and metadata associated with each image. The framework utilises a workflow comprising four core stages: (1) information retrieval, (2) data pre-processing, (3) feature extraction, and (4) machine learning. Our corpus was drawn from the social media platforms Facebook and Flickr.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Techniques to detect Online Public Shaming

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 03030
Author(s):  
Mehdi Surani ◽  
Ramchandra Mangrulkar
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Over the past years the exponential growth of social media usage has given the power to every individual to share their opinions freely. This has led to numerous threats allowing users to exploit their freedom of speech, thus spreading hateful comments, using abusive language, carrying out personal attacks, and sometimes even to the extent of cyberbullying. However, determining abusive content is not a difficult task and many social media platforms have solutions available already but at the same time, many are searching for more efficient ways and solutions to overcome this issue. Traditional models explore machine learning models to identify negative content posted on social media. Shaming categories are explored, and content is put in place according to the label. Such categorization is easy to detect as the contextual language used is direct. However, the use of irony to mock or convey contempt is also a part of public shaming and must be considered while categorizing the shaming labels. In this research paper, various shaming types, namely toxic, severe toxic, obscene, threat, insult, identity hate, and sarcasm are predicted using deep learning approaches like CNN and LSTM. These models have been studied along with traditional models to determine which model gives the most accurate results.

scholarly journals Social Media and Forced Migration: The Subversion and Subjugation of Political Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Marlowe
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Transnational Politics ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
And Control

As social media platforms and the associated communication technologies become increasingly available, affordable and usable, these tools effectively enable forced migrants to negotiate political life across borders. This connection provides a basis for resettled refugees to interact with their transnational networks and engage in political activities in novel ways. This article presents a digital ethnography with 15 resettled refugees living in New Zealand and the role of social media and transnational networks for the maintenance and creation of political lives. Taking a broad interpretation of how political and political life are understood, this article focuses on how power is achieved and leveraged to provide legitimacy and control. In particular, it examines how refugees practise transnational politics through social media as they navigate both the subjugation and subversion of power. These digital interactions have the potential to reconfigure and, at times collapse, the distance between the resettled “here” and the transnational “there”. This article highlights how social media facilitates political lives as an ongoing transnational phenomenon and its implications for the country of resettlement and the wider diaspora.

scholarly journals Evidence of Climate Change Engagement Behaviour on a Facebook Fan-Based Page

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7038
Author(s):  
Kirtika Deo ◽  
Abhnil Amtesh Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Climate change has become one of the most debated topics in recent times. The social media platforms have given the general public the power and propensity to share and express concerns about climate change. However, climate change awareness created on social media depends on user engagement with the contents modulated by emotions. Much has been researched in this area using Twitter, but Facebook fan-based pages have not been extensively explored in the past. In this study, we investigate the engagement behaviour of users on a Facebook fan-based page titled “Global Climate Change Awareness” by analysing user insights data for two years starting from April 2018 to April 2020. Results show that the frequency of posts made to the page did not significantly promote engagement but improved visibility of the contents to the users. Overall, fan growth was attributed more to increased post visibility that enhanced post engagement. Hashtags associated with climate change had a significant reach amongst users, but those associated with disasters where the page expressed sadness and informed users about taking precautions had the highest engagement rate. Likewise, users from developing countries, especially from the small islands, were more engaged with climate change awareness. This study did not assess negative responses from users (possible deniers of climate change) and other Facebook fan-based pages due to data privacy and stringent Facebook policy.

Effects of Displacement-reinforcement on Facebook, Youtube and Instagram Use: Student and Staff inter-generational differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
Chaang-Iuan Ho ◽  
Jui-Yuan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Niche Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Since the launch of Facebook (FB) in 2006, social media participation has grown rapidly during the past decade. Although FB and YouTube (YT) still occupy the most prominent positions in the social media landscape, Instagram (IG) is rapidly gaining ground, and now has a market share of 35%. It is not uncommon for users to have more than one account. New social media platforms have been developed and gained some popularity, some major concerns have been raised. Displacement–reinforcement effects, such as changes in attitude and loyalty, may appear in relation to both new and old media. In addition, age appears to influence the platform usage and preference. These matters led us to our research question: Is the Internet generation more likely than other generations to switch from FB to YT or IG? Keywords: Social media choice, generation gap, niche theory

From Bricks to Clicks: How Digital Heritage Initiatives Create a New Ecosystem for Cultural Heritage and Collective Remembering

2021 ◽  
pp. 019685992110411
Author(s):  
Brant Burkey
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Societies ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Collective Remembering ◽  
Extended View ◽  
Depth Interviews

Cultural heritage institutions, such as museums, libraries, archives, and historical societies, are increasingly using digital heritage initiatives and social media platforms to connect and interact with their heritage communities. This creates a new memory ecosystem whereby heritage communities are invited to contribute, participate with, and share more of what they are interested in collectively remembering, rather than simply accepting the authoritative narratives of heritage institutions, which raises questions about what this means for cultural heritage writ large and whose versions of the past these heritage communities will hold onto as their digital inheritance. The primary contributions of this article are to provide both an extended view of the issue by building on several qualitative studies involving in-depth interviews and digital observations with eight cultural heritage communities over a five-year period and to better understand how their digital heritage initiatives are creating a new ecosystem for cultural heritage and collective remembering.

Social Media as a Tool in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Pooja Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Instructional Approaches ◽  
Teaching Pedagogy ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Channels

Development of information technology has very much affected the way teachers teach and students learn. Digital devices have become a routine not only for playing games and communicating with classmates but also for the education and knowledge. This has provided opportunities for enriching the learning environment. The classroom today is a very challenging environment. The reason may be the changing focus of the environment which has shifted from the teachers to the learners. Many educators attempt to adopt new instructional approaches to encourage and motivate students to learn; social media can be one of the best approaches. The objective of this chapter is to understand the importance of social media as new teaching pedagogy in higher education institutes. A framework has been proposed to assimilate specific social media channels in teaching pedagogy in higher education. The framework will be useful in identifying how social media platforms can be integrated into teaching pedagogy for higher educational institutes so that the students may be benefited the most.

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