scholarly journals Toxicity and Synergistic Effect of Elsholtzia ciliata Essential Oil and Its Main Components against the Adult and Larval Stages of Tribolium castaneum

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Jun-Yu Liang ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Ying-Ying Yang ◽  
Ya-Zhou Shao ◽  
Feng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Fumigant Activity ◽  
Elsholtzia Ciliata ◽  
Oil Extract

Investigations have indicated that storage pests pose a great threat to global food security by damaging food crops and other food products derived from plants. Essential oils are proven to have significant effects on a large number of stored grain insects. This study evaluated the contact toxicity and fumigant activity of the essential oil extract from the aerial parts of Elsholtzia ciliata and its two major biochemical components against adults and larvae of the food storage pest beetle Tribolium castaneum. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed 16 different components derived from the essential oil of E. ciliata, which included carvone (31.63%), limonene (22.05%), and α-caryophyllene (15.47%). Contact toxicity assay showed that the essential oil extract exhibited a microgram-level of killing activity against T. castaneum adults (lethal dose 50 (LD50) = 7.79 μg/adult) and larvae (LD50 = 24.87 μg/larva). Fumigant toxicity assay showed LD50 of 11.61 mg/L air for adults and 8.73 mg/L air for larvae. Carvone and limonene also exhibited various levels of bioactivity. A binary mixture (2:6) of carvone and limonene displayed obvious contact toxicity against T. castaneum adults (LD50 = 10.84 μg/adult) and larvae (LD50 = 30.62 μg/larva). Furthermore, carvone and limonene exhibited synergistic fumigant activity against T. castaneum larvae at a 1:7 ratio. Altogether, our results suggest that E. ciliata essential oil and its two monomers have a potential application value to eliminate T. castaneum.

Effect of Citrus reticulata Blanco Essential Oil on Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2090-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Lü
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Anhydrous Diethyl Ether ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Fumigant Activity ◽  
Citrus Reticulata Blanco ◽  
Exposure Dosage

ABSTRACT The rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), is a major insect pest of stored products worldwide. In an effort to manage populations of C. ferrugineus in stored grains, the essential oil from Citrus reticulata Blanco peel was prepared by the Soxhlet method with anhydrous diethyl ether, and its contact activity, repellent activity, and fumigant activity were investigated against C. ferrugineus adults. C. reticulata peel essential oil had potent contact, repellent, and fumigant activity against C. ferrugineus adults, with activity significantly increasing with increasing exposure dosage during the same exposure time. Percent repellency values achieved >80.0% after 60 h of exposure. For contact toxicity, the corrected mortality of C. ferrugineus adults reached >99.0% after 48 h of exposure at the dosage of 2.0 μL/cm2. For fumigant toxicity, the corrected mortality of C. ferrugineus adults reached 89.0 and 100.0% at the dosages of 40 and 80 μL/L of air, respectively. These results suggest that the C. reticulata peel essential oil has strong potential for managing populations of C. ferrugineus in practice.

scholarly journals Activity of Schinus Areira (Anacardiaceae) Essential Oils against the Grain Storage Pest Tribolium castaneum

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian R. Descamps ◽  
Carolina Sánchez Chopa ◽  
Adriana A. Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Feeding Deterrent ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Nutritional Index ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Storage Pest ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Essential oils extracted from leaves and fruits of Schinus areira (Anacardiaceae) were tested for their repellent, toxic and feeding deterrent properties against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae and adults. A topical application assay was employed for the contact toxicity study and filter paper impregnation for the fumigant assay. A treated diet was also used to evaluate the repellent activity and a flour disk bioassay for the feeding deterrent action and nutritional index alteration. The essential oil of the leaves contained mainly monoterpenoids, with α-phellandrene, 3-carene and camphene predominant, whereas that from the fruits contained mainly α-phellandrene, 3-carene and β-myrcene. The leaf essential oil showed repellent effects, whereas that from the fruit was an attractant. Both oils produced mortality against larvae in topical and fumigant bioassays, but fumigant toxicity was not found against adults. Moreover, both essential oils produced some alterations in nutritional index. These results show that the essential oils from S. areira could be applicable to the management of populations of Tribolium castaneum.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and biological activities against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) of the essential oil from Citrus wilsonii leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1213-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Chen ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Chun You ◽  
Shu Du ◽  
Qian Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Main Components

The essential oil obtained from Citrus wilsonii Tanaka leaves with hydrodistillation was investigated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil were identified to be citronellol (16.94%), nerol acetate (10.35%), ?-terpinen (9.85%), citronellal (9.36%) and ?-pinene (6.72%). Among them, the four active constituents, predicted with a bioactivity-test, were isolated and identified as citronellol, ?-terpinene, nerol (neryl) acetate and ?-pinene. It was found that the essential oil of C. wilsonii leaves and isolated compounds possessed fumigant and contact toxicity against Tribolium castaneum adults. The essential oil and ?-terpinen showed strong fumigant toxicity against T. castaneum (LC50 = 8.18 and 4.09 mg L-1). Repellency of the crude oil and active compounds was also determined. Citronellol, neryl acetate and ?-pinene were strongly repellent (100%, 86% and 92%, respectively, at 78.63 nL cm-2, after 2 h treatment) against T. castaneum. The essential oil and citronellol exhibited the same level of repellency compared with the positive control, DEET. The results indicate that the essential oil of C. wilsonii leaves and its active compounds had the potential to be developed as natural fumigants, insecticides and repellents for control of T. castaneum.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil Extracted from Elsholtzia densa and Their Insecticidal Activity against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2304
Author(s):  
Junyu Liang ◽  
Yazhou Shao ◽  
Haoshu Wu ◽  
Yue An ◽  
Junlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Insecticidal Toxicity ◽  
Different Levels

Storage pests pose a great threat to global food security. Here, we found that the essential oil (EO) extracted from E. densa possesses obvious effects against the insects that threaten stored-products. In this work, we investigated the chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted from Elsholtzia densa, and their insecticidal (contact and fumigant) toxicity against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne. A total of 45 compounds were identified by GC-MS, accounting for 98.74% of the total EO. Meanwhile, 11 compounds were isolated from the EO, including limonene, β-caryophyllene, ρ-cymene, trans-phytol, α-terpineol, linalool, acetophenone, 1,8-cineole, ρ-cymen-7-ol, 1-O-cerotoylgly-cerol, and palmitic acid. Furthermore, acetophenone, ρ-cymen-7-ol, and 1-O-cerotoylgly-cerol were isolated for the first time from Elsholtzia spp. The results of the bioassays indicated that the EO had the property of insecticidal toxicity against T. castaneum and L. serricorne. All of the compounds showed different levels of insecticidal toxicity against the two species of insects. Among them, 2-ethyl-1H-imidazole had no insecticidal toxicity against T. castaneum, but possessed fumigant and obvious contact toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymen-7-ol had beneficial insecticidal toxicity against the two species of insects, and fumigant toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymen-7-ol (LD50 = 13.30 μg/adult), 1-octen-3-ol (LD50 = 13.52 μg/adult), and 3-octanol (LD50 = 17.45 μg/adult) showed significant contact toxicity against T. castaneum. Acetophenone (LD50 = 7.07 μg/adult) and ρ-cymen-7-ol (LD50 = 8.42 μg/adult) showed strong contact toxicity against L. serricorne. ρ-Cymene (LC50 = 10.91 mg/L air) and ρ-cymen-7-ol (LC50 = 10.47 mg/L air) showed powerful fumigant toxicity to T. castaneum. Limonene (LC50 = 5.56 mg/L air), acetophenone (LC50 = 5.47 mg/L air), and 3-octanol (LC50 = 5.05 mg/L air) showed obvious fumigant toxicity against L. serricorne. In addition, the EO and its chemical compounds possessed different levels of repellent activity. This work provides some evidence of the value of exploring these materials for insecticidal activity, for human health purposes. We suggest that the EO extracted from E. densa may have the potential to be developed as an insecticidal agent against stored product insect pests.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Essential Oil of Dipsacus japonicus Flowering Aerial Parts and its Insecticidal Activity against Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Long Liu ◽  
Guo Hua Jiang ◽  
Ligang Zhou ◽  
Qi Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Storage Insects ◽  
Total Oil

Water-distilled essential oil from the aerial parts of Dipsacus japonicus Miq. (Dipsacaceae) at the flowering stage was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty-six compounds, accounting for 96.76% of the total oil, were identified and the main compounds of the essential oil were linalool (11.78%), trans-geraniol (8.58%), 1,8-cineole (7.91%), β-caryophyllene (5.58%), α-terpineol (5.32%), β-selinene (5.15%), and spathulenol (5.04%). The essential oil of D. japonicus possessed contact toxicity against two grain storage insects, Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum adults, with LD50 values of 18.32 μg/ adult and 13.45 μg/adult, respectively. The essential oil of D. japonicus also exhibited pronounced fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais (LC50 = 10.11 mg/l air) and T. castaneum adults (LC50 = 5.26 mg/l air). Of the three major compounds, 1,8-cineole exhibited stronger fumigant toxicity than the crude essential oil against S. zeamais and T. castaneum adults with LC50 values of 2.96 mg/l air and 4.86 mg/l air, respectively

Knockdown of Uridine Diphosphate Glucosyltransferase 86Dg Enhances Susceptibility of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to Artemisia vulgaris (Asterales: Asteraceae) Essential Oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Haidi Sun ◽  
Jiahao Zhang ◽  
Yonglei Zhang ◽  
Peipei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Uridine Diphosphate ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferases (UGTs), which are phase II detoxification enzymes, are found in various organisms. These enzymes play an important role in the detoxification mechanisms of plant allelopathy and in insects. Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asterales: Asteraceae: Artemisia) essential oil has strong contact toxicity to Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae. However, the effect of A. vulgaris essential oil on UGTs is unclear. In this study, A. vulgaris essential oil was shown to significantly induce the expression of the TcUgt86Dg transcript. Furthermore, treatment of TcUgt86Dg-silenced individuals with A. vulgaris essential oil resulted in higher mortality than for the control individuals, indicating that TcUgt86Dg is involved in detoxification of A. vulgaris essential oil in T. castaneum. The developmental expression profile showed that the expression of TcUgt86Dg in late adults was higher than in other developmental stages. Furthermore, the expression profile in adult tissues revealed higher expression of TcUgt86Dg in the head, antenna, fat body, and accessory gland than in other tissues. These data show that TcUgt86Dg may be involved in the metabolism of exogenous toxins by T. castaneum; thus, our results have elucidated one possible mechanism of resistance to A. vulgaris essential oil and provide a theoretical basis for a control scheme for T. castaneum.

scholarly journals Ruta chalepensis L. Essential Oil Has a Biological Potential for a Natural Fight against the Pest of Stored Foodstuffs: Tribolium castaneum Herbst

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mariame Najem ◽  
Mohamed Bammou ◽  
Lamia Bachiri ◽  
El Houssine Bouiamrine ◽  
Jamal Ibijbijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Ruta Chalepensis ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Ultimate Objective

Chemical pesticides used against insect pests of stored food have adverse effects on both health and the environment. So, the present study aims to evaluate the insect repulsive and insecticidal power of Ruta chalepensis L. essential oil (EO) from the region of Oulmes (Central plateau of Morocco); the ultimate objective is to develop a biological and ecological control strategy against pests. Thus, the EO obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L. was identified by GC-MS; its repellent and fumigant toxicity effects on adults of Tribolium castaneum Herbst were, respectively, investigated by the preferential area method on a filter paper and the inhalation test. The insecticide power was estimated by determining the percentage of mortality as a function of the duration of exposure and concentration of the EO. The essential oil obtained is characterized by the dominance of 2-undecanone (64.35%), piperonyl piperazine (11.9%), 2-decanaone (5.12%), 2-dodecanone (4.52%), decipidone (3.9%,) and 2-tridecanone (2.36%). This EO is endowed with a very repulsive power belonging to class V, which is strongly due to its majority compound 2-undecanone. The dose 0.038 μl/ml gave a repellent power of 100% after 15 min. The tests also revealed a considerable insecticidal effect, which reached 100% after 48 hours at a dose of 0.62 μl/ml. The calculation of the lethal dose causing 50% mortality (LD50) and the lethal times after which there is 50% mortality (LT50) allowed deducing that the insecticidal effect of Ruta chalepensis L. is time- and dose-dependent. Hence, the effectiveness of Ruta chalepensis L. EO attests that it can constitute a healthy alternative to fight against Tribolium castaneum Herbst.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Acaricidal Effects of Essential Oils ofFoeniculum vulgareMill. (Apiales: Apiaceae) andLavandula angustifoliaMiller (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) againstTetranychus urticaeKoch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asgar Ebadollahi ◽  
Jalal Jalali Sendi ◽  
Alireza Aliakbar ◽  
Jabraeil Razmjou
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Utilization of synthetic acaricides causes negative side-effects on nontarget organisms and environment and most of the mite species such as two spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticaeKoch, are becoming resistant to these chemicals. In the present study, essential oils of fennel,Foeniculum vulgareMill., and lavender,Lavandula angustifoliaMiller, were hydrodistilled using Clevenger apparatus and chemical composition of these oils was analyzed by GC-MS. Anethole (46.73%), limonene (13.65%), andα-fenchone (8.27%) in the fennel essential oil and linalool (28.63%), 1,8-cineole (18.65%), and 1-borneol (15.94%) in the lavender essential oil were found as main components. Contact and fumigant toxicity of essential oils was assessed against adult females ofT. urticaeafter 24 h exposure time. The essential oils revealed strong toxicity in both contact and fumigant bioassays and the activity dependeds on essential oil concentrations. Lethal concentration 50% for the population of mite (LC50) was found as 0.557% (0.445–0.716) and 0.792% (0.598–1.091) in the contact toxicity and 1.876 μL/L air (1.786–1.982) and 1.971 μL/L air (1.628–2.478) in the fumigant toxicity for fennel and lavender oils, respectively. Results indicated thatF. vulgareandL. angustifoliaessential oils might be useful for managing of two spotted spider mite,T. urticae.

Analysis of the Essential Oil of Illicium henryi Diels Root Bark and Its Insecticidal Activity against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN CHAO LIU ◽  
ZHI LONG LIU
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Liposcelis Bostrychophila ◽  
Stored Grains ◽  
Natural Insecticides ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Total Oil

Water-distilled essential oil from Illicium henryi (Illiciaceae) root bark was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Thirty-four compounds, accounting for 97.86% of the total oil, were identified. The main components of the essential oil of I. henryi root bark were safrole (46.12%), myristicin (20.39%), and 1,8-cineole (6.17%), followed by α-cadinol (3.784%) and linalool (3.22%). The essential oil had higher levels of phenylpropanoids (66.89%) than of monoterpenoids (14.83%) and sesquiternoids (16.14%). Three constituents were isolated from the oil based on bioactivity fractionation. The essential oil possessed fumigant toxicity against booklice (Liposcelis bostrychophila), with a 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 380.39 μg/liter of air, while the two isolated constituents myristicin and safrole had LC50s of 121.95 and 322.54 μg/liter, respectively. Another constituent, 1,8-cineole, showed weaker toxicity, with an LC50 of 1,120.43 μg/liter. The essential oil also exhibited contact toxicity against L. bostrychophila, with an LC50 of 96.83 μg/cm2. Myristicin (LC50, 18.74 μg/cm2) and safrole (LC50, 69.28 μg/cm2) exhibited stronger acute toxicity than 1,8-cineole (LC50, 1,049.41 μg/cm2) against the booklice. The results indicated that the essential oil and its constituent compounds have potential for development into natural insecticides for control of psocids in stored grains.

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