scholarly journals Digitalization and Automation in Intermodal Freight Transport and Their Potential Application for Low-Income Countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Helen Zewdie Kine ◽  
Girma Gebresenbet ◽  
Lorent Tavasszy ◽  
David Ljungberg
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Electronic Data Interchange ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Intermodal Freight

This paper presents an assessment of enabling technologies in intermodal freight transport. It first identifies the technologies used in intermodal freight transport globally using a systematic literature review. Then, it characterizes intermodal freight transport in the context of low-income countries to assess the potential application of digitalization and automation for the countries. Countries with a per capita gross national income (GNI) lower than $1025 are categorized as low-income countries. To achieve the objectives, a review was undertaken of 147 published articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Transport Research International Documentation (TRID). Furthermore, distinctions of intermodal transport in low-income countries were also characterized using gray literature. A number of enabling technologies applied at components of intermodal transport were identified. The results demonstrated that several enabling technologies such as wireless communication technology, sensors, positioning technology, and web-based platforms are highly utilized in intermodal freight transport globally. In contrast, electronic data interchange (EDI), wireless communication technologies, and web-based platforms also have potential applications in low-income countries, and their adoption should be studied further.

scholarly journals Lowering Transport Costs and Prices by Competition: Regulatory and Institutional Reforms in Low Income Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phill Wheat ◽  
Alexander D. Stead ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Andrew Smith
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sub Saharan

High passenger and freight transport costs are a barrier to economic growth and social mobility, particularly in Low Income Countries (LICs). This paper considers the current state of knowledge regarding the barriers to achieving lower generalised transport costs. It considers both the road and railway modes across passenger and freight transport. These issues include a reform on the regulations for driver hours (preventing the road infrastructure from overloading), structuring rail concessions, increasing competition, and tackling corruption. Such reforms aim to deliver efficiency gains and service quality improvements at lower costs for users. This paper identifies the knowledge gap in previous research and concludes by setting out a research agenda that builds the evidence base for how the best practices from around the world can best be applied to the specific circumstances in Low Income Countries, with a particular focus on Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

scholarly journals CONTAINER TRANSSHIPMENT PROBLEMS AND THE SOLUTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Laszlo Vida ◽  
◽  
Bela Illes ◽  
Agota Banyai ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Gantry Crane ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Container Handling ◽  
Physical Internet ◽  
Intermodal Freight ◽  
Automated Handling

One of the obstacles to the spread of rail-road intermodal freight transport is the lack of efficient container handling equipment on the rail-road hubs. The known and widely used solutions (gantry crane, reach stackers) are apparently not able to increase the volume of intermodal transport. The goal, which is uniformly desired by the professionals, the growth of rail-road intermodal freight transport, can be served by a container transhipment device that allows unit loads to be transferred between road and rail vehicles even under railway contact line. The new container transhipment technology, proposed in the article can be the missing hardware device for physical internet hubs. The highly automated handling robot meets the requirements of Industry 4.0 and Logistics 4.0.

scholarly journals Technological conditions of intermodal transhipment terminals in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Nader ◽  
Arkadiusz Kostrzewski ◽  
Mariusz Kostrzewski
Keyword(s):  
Freight Transport ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Intermodal Freight ◽  
Freight Wagons

The following paper introduces comparison and evaluation of two intermodal transport technologies. The first of them is “rolling motorway” technology, better known as “Rollende Landstrasse” or ”Ro–La”, while the second one is called pocket wagons technology. We present general characteristics of chosen intermodal freight transport technologies in a form of a brief description of both intermodal technologies. Moreover, we describe initial processes, loading and operations in the case of the two mentioned technologies. The paper contains as well as computing example and the schemes of intermodal freight transhipments terminals for “rolling motorway” and pocket wagons technologies and inevitably means of transport to be used in the technologies. The chosen wagon types taken into consideration are as it follows. In case of “Rollende Landstrasse” technology we chose wagon types of 602S, Saadkkms and Saadkms and in case of the second technology the chosen types of wagons are: Sdggmrss, Sdgnss and Sdgmnss. Different kind of wagons in mentioned technologies are pictured and briefly described. Additionally, freight wagons – potentially used in the mentioned technologies – are evaluated with use of selected methods applicable in evaluation of alternatives. Wagons are evaluated under the specified conditions, especially with taking into consideration chosen operational parameters of them. In conclusion we relate to current condition of internal transhipment terminals in Poland and other aspects that concern them.

Review of Sustainable Multimodal Freight Transportation System in African Developing Countries: Evidence from Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 155-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Okyere ◽  
Jia Qi Yang ◽  
Kwabena Sarpong Aning ◽  
Bin Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Intermodal Freight

The importance of transportation in the socio-economic development of nations cannot be downplayed. Intermodal transport has become vital concept for ensuring sustainable freight transport in developed economies but less focused on among African scientific community as it attracts fewer researches and developments. This paper aims to review and promote the development of sustainable intermodal freight transport systems in African developing countries with insights from Ghana.The researchers adopted literature review approach for the global intermodal developments and that of developing economies with emphasis on Africa and Ghana.Transport experts and experienced practitioners’ opinions were sought to complement the limited literature on the means to improve intermodal transport and logistics management systems. Authors discovered that some African countries like Ghana potentially posses some relevant multimodal resources such as seaport, waterway, railway and road infrastructures. However, they are not well interconnected to acquire intermodal benefits. Besides, the existing transportation systems were mostly road dominated and frauded with cost-inefficiencies; greenhouse gas emissions, traffic congestion, accidents, high maintenance and service deficiencies.The constraints are lack of skilled labor, limited infrastructure, safety and security problems, limited institutional capacity, poor intermodal transport network and connectivity issues. Some practical measures to improve the lapses in the transport system were highlighted. It was suggested that management of African developing countries must remodify their transport policies to attract investors and transport players. This would strengthen Public Private Partnerships (PPP) collaborations in developing intermodal freight transport and logistics systems.

Three Cases of Joubert Syndrome in a Consanguineous Syrian Family and a Interesting Case of Multinational Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davor Petrović ◽  
Vida Čulić ◽  
Zofia Swinderek-Alsayed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Joubert Syndrome ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Motor Apraxia

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JS) is a rare congenital, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a distinctive brain malformation, developmental delay, ocular motor apraxia, breathing abnormalities, and high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. We are reporting three siblings with JS from consanguineous parents in Syria. Two of them had the same homozygous c.2172delA (p.Trp725Glyfs*) AHI1 mutation and the third was diagnosed prenatally with magnetic resonance imaging. This pathogenic variant is very rare and described in only a few cases in the literature. Multinational collaboration could be of benefit for the patients from undeveloped, low-income countries that have a low-quality health care system, especially for the diagnosis of rare diseases.

Reviewing the Development of Rural Finance in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Duong Pham Bao
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Rural Organizations ◽  
Doi Moi

The objective of this article is to review the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam in recent years, especially, after Doi moi. There are two opposite schools of thought in the literature on rural credit policies in developing countries. One is the conventional supply-side (government-led) approach while the other is called “a new paradigm” that emphasizes the importance of the viability of financial providers and the well functioning of rural credit markets. Conventional theories of rural finance contend that rural finance in low-income countries is generally accompanied by many failures. Contrary to these theories, rural finance in Vietnam does not encounter the above-mentioned failures so far. Up to the present time, it is progressing well. Using a supply-side approach, methodologically, this study reviews the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam. The significance of this study is to challenge the extreme view of dichotomizing between the old and the new credit paradigms. Analysis in this study contends that a rural financial market that, (1) is initiated and spurred by government; (2) operates principally under market mechanisms; and (3) is strongly supported by rural organizations (semi-formal/informal institutions) can progress stably and well. Therefore, the extremely dichotomizing approach must be avoided.

Abdominal Textiloma Mimicking as Left Colic Tumour: A Postoperative Complication Still Common in Low-Income Countries

EMJ Radiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
Safety Rules

Retained foreign bodies have become very rare in countries where the safety rules in the operating theatre are very rigorous and follow precise guidelines. There are low-income countries where hospital structures are precarious, in which the implementation of surgical safety rules has only been effective recently. Surgical teams in these countries are not yet well trained in the observance of the guidelines concerning swab count, meaning that textilomas are not uncommon. Abdominal textiloma may be asymptomatic, or present serious gastrointestinal complications such as bowel obstruction, perforation, or fistula formation because of misdiagnosis. It may mimic abscess formation in the early stage or soft tissue masses in the chronic stage. This case report presents a 27-year-old female who underwent an emergency laparotomy in a rural surgical centre for an ectopic pregnancy. Two months later, a swelling had appeared on the left side of her abdomen, gradually increasing in size, which was not very painful but caused digestive discomfort and asthenia. Intermittent fever was described and treated with antibiotics. The patient was referred to a better equipped centre to benefit from a CT scan. A textiloma was strongly suspected on the CT but a left colic mass was not excluded. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of textiloma and the postoperative course was uneventful. Prevention rules must be strengthened in these countries where patients can hardly bear the costs of iterative surgeries for complications that are avoidable.

Assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Audu Onyemocho ◽  
Agwa Moses ◽  
Aboh Kisani ◽  
Omole Namben Victoria ◽  
Anejo-Okopi Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Rabies, one of the oldest and fatal infectious diseases known to human race, is transmitted by infected dogs. The global target of zero dog-mediated rabies human deaths has been set for 2030; however, the realization of this goal poses challenges in most low-income countries where rabies is endemic due to weak surveillance. Dogs have been increasingly deployed for domestic uses over the years, especially for security purposes. This study assessed the assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was employed to study 400 dog owners in Makurdi metropolis through multistage sampling techniques. Sighting of valid dog vaccination card was used as criteria for current vaccination. Bivariate analysis was carried out to establish the relationship between the respondent knowledge of rabies and dog vaccination with significant value set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 31 (Â ± 0.8) years, majority of them had tertiary and secondary education (40.0% and 39.0%, respectively), 26.0% were traders, and 50.0% were married. Overall, 73.0% of the respondents had good knowledge score, 61.0% had seen at least a rabid dog in their life time, and 74.0% have a history of dog vaccination, but evidence of up to date vaccination of dogs by owners was seen in only 18.0% of all the vaccination cards sighted. The relationship between the educational status of the respondents, their knowledge score, and their dog vaccination was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Knowledge of rabies among dog owners in Makurdi was good, but the practice of dog vaccination was poor. Educational status was a good predictor of practice. Awareness campaign on dog vaccination should be strengthened and adequate measures should be put in place at the veterinary hospitals in Makurdi for vaccination of dogs.

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