scholarly journals Advances with Long Non-Coding RNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease as Peripheral Biomarker

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Maria Garofalo ◽  
Cecilia Pandini ◽  
Daisy Sproviero ◽  
Orietta Pansarasa ◽  
Cristina Cereda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Rna Processing ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Peripheral Biomarker

One of the most compelling needs in the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the characterization of cognitive decline peripheral biomarkers. In this context, the theme of altered RNA processing has emerged as a contributing factor to AD. In particular, the significant role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated to AD is opening new perspectives in AD research. This class of RNAs may offer numerous starting points for new investigations about pathogenic mechanisms and, in particular, about peripheral biomarkers. Indeed, altered lncRNA signatures are emerging as potential diagnostic biomarkers. In this review, we have collected and fully explored all the presented data about lncRNAs and AD in the peripheral system to offer an overview about this class of non-coding RNAs and their possible role in AD.

scholarly journals Inflamma-MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Disease Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Liang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Shed Light

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of senile dementia. Although AD research has made important breakthroughs, the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear, and specific AD diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroinflammation is involved in AD pathogenesis and is closely related to other health effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous short sequence non-coding RNAs that indirectly inhibit translation or directly degrade messenger RNA (mRNA) by specifically binding to its 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Several broadly expressed miRNAs including miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-155, have now been shown to regulate microglia/astrocytes activation. Other miRNAs, including miR-126 and miR-132, show a progressive link to the neuroinflammatory signaling. Therefore, further studies on these inflamma-miRNAs may shed light on the pathological mechanisms of AD. The differential expression of inflamma-miRNAs (such as miR-29a, miR-125b, and miR-126-5p) in the peripheral circulation may respond to AD progression, similar to inflammation, and therefore may become potential diagnostic biomarkers for AD. Moreover, inflamma-miRNAs could also be promising therapeutic targets for AD treatment. This review provides insights into the role of inflamma-miRNAs in AD, as well as an overview of general inflamma-miRNA biology, their implications in pathophysiology, and their potential roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Factors underlying cognitive decline in old age and Alzheimer’s disease: the role of the hippocampus

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Jaroudi ◽  
Julia Garami ◽  
Sandra Garrido ◽  
Michael Hornberger ◽  
Szabolcs Keri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

AbstractThere are many factors that strongly influence the aetiology, development, and progression of cognitive decline in old age, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These factors include not only different personality traits and moods but also lifestyle patterns (e.g. exercise and diet) and awareness levels that lead to cognitive decline in old age. In this review, we discuss how personality traits, mood states, and lifestyle impact brain and behaviour in older adults. Specifically, our review shows that these lifestyle and personality factors affect several brain regions, including the hippocampus, a region key for memory that is affected by cognitive decline in old age as well as AD. Accordingly, appropriate recommendations are presented in this review to assist individuals in decreasing chances of MCI, dementia, AD, and associated symptoms.

scholarly journals Cognitive Decline in Neuronal Aging and Alzheimer's Disease: Role of NMDA Receptors and Associated Proteins

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Avila ◽  
María Llorens-Martín ◽  
Noemí Pallas-Bazarra ◽  
Marta Bolós ◽  
Juan R. Perea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Associated Proteins

The role of event-related potentials in cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiou-Lian Lai ◽  
Ruey-Tay Lin ◽  
Li-Min Liou ◽  
Ching-Kuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials

Pattern and Progression of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease: Role of Premorbid Intelligence and ApoE Genotype

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bracco ◽  
Carolina Piccini ◽  
Michela Baccini ◽  
Valentina Bessi ◽  
Federica Biancucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Premorbid Intelligence

scholarly journals Predictors of progression of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease: the role of vascular and sociodemographic factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 256 (8) ◽  
pp. 1288-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Musicco ◽  
Katie Palmer ◽  
Giovanna Salamone ◽  
Federica Lupo ◽  
Roberta Perri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors

scholarly journals Involvement of Cholinergic, Adrenergic, and Glutamatergic Network Modulation with Cognitive Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2283
Author(s):  
Yu-Jung Cheng ◽  
Chieh-Hsin Lin ◽  
Hsien-Yuan Lane
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The number of AD cases has been rapidly growing worldwide. Several the related etiological hypotheses include atypical amyloid β (Aβ) deposition, neurofibrillary tangles of tau proteins inside neurons, disturbed neurotransmission, inflammation, and oxidative stress. During AD progression, aberrations in neurotransmission cause cognitive decline—the main symptom of AD. Here, we review the aberrant neurotransmission systems, including cholinergic, adrenergic, and glutamatergic network, and the interactions among these systems as they pertain to AD. We also discuss the key role of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction in AD-associated cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we summarize the results of recent studies indicating that increasing glutamatergic neurotransmission through the alteration of NMDARs shows potential for treating cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment or early stage AD. Future studies on the long-term efficiency of NMDA-enhancing strategies in the treatment of AD are warranted.

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