Knowledge and Expectations on Antibiotic Use among Older Adults in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Antibiotics are commonly prescribed among older adults, and inappropriate use of antibiotics has been noted. However, there is limited information about their knowledge and expectations for antibiotics. This study aimed to assess older adults’ knowledge of antibiotic use and resistance, their expectations for antibiotics and the relationship between knowledge, expectation and inappropriate practices related to antibiotic use. A cross-sectional survey involving respondents aged 60 years and above was conducted, using a validated questionnaire. A lack of knowledge about the role of antibiotics was observed, whereby more than half of the respondents incorrectly believed that antibiotics can treat viral infections (53.5%) and colds and coughs (53.7%). Also, 67.9% of respondents incorrectly believed that antibiotic resistance occurs when the body becomes resistant to antibiotics. Almost half of the respondents would expect antibiotics for symptoms of self-limiting viral infections. Respondents who answered correctly for the role of antibiotics in viral infections were more likely not to expect antibiotics for cold, flu and cough (p < 0.001). Respondents who answered correctly regarding the need to adhere to antibiotics were more likely to have completed their antibiotic course (p < 0.001). Future educational initiatives should provide key information on the role of antibiotics and the importance of complying with antibiotics in this population.

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Antibiotic use in goats: role of experience and education of Missouri veterinarians

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.105455 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 186 (11) ◽

pp. 349-349

Author(s):

Lauren Landfried ◽

Patrick Pithua ◽

Roger D Lewis ◽

Steven Rigdon ◽

Jonathan Jacoby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Continuing Education ◽

Health Management ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Herd Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Prescription Practices

BackgroundIn a previous study, we found that rates of antibiotic residues in goat carcasses in Missouri were three times the published national average, warranting further research in this area.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of goat veterinarians to determine attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics, recruiting 725 veterinarians listed on the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners (AASRP) website and 64 Missouri Veterinary Medical Association (MVMA) veterinarians.ResultsWe collected 189 responses (26.1%) from AASRP members (170 valid) and 8 (12.5%) from MVMA veterinarians totalling 178 responses. While the vast majority of all veterinarians indicated that they prescribed antibiotics less than half of the time, Missouri veterinarians indicated that they spent more time treating goats for overt disease like intestinal parasites and less time on proactive practices such as reproductive herd health management comparatively. While veterinarians agreed that antibiotic resistance was a growing concern, veterinarians outside of Missouri seemed more confident that their own prescription practices was not a contributor. Although nationally most veterinarians felt that attending continuing education classes was beneficial, 73.4% in other states attended classes on antibiotic use compared to only four of the nine Missouri veterinarians.ConclusionMissouri veterinarians had less veterinary experience than veterinarians in other states, and this, in conjunction with low continuing education requirements in Missouri relative to most other states, may hinder development of more proactive and effective client–veterinary relationships.

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Attitudes of Iraqi society towards the role of community pharmacists

INNOVATIONS in pharmacy ◽

10.24926/iip.v4i2.296 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Inas R. Ibrahim ◽

Haydar F. Al Tukmagi ◽

Abdulrasoul Wayyes

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Community Pharmacist ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Original Research ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Objectives: The main aims of this study were to assess society's use of community pharmacies; evaluate attitudes towards the role of the community pharmacist; and describe required pharmacist characteristics and future services. Study design: A cross-sectional survey with a stratified sampling technique. Methods: A self-administered, validated, questionnaire was distributed to 500 consumers in attendance at 50 community pharmacies in Baghdad, Iraq. Data were gathered from January to April 2012. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to test for statistical differences among the study variables. Further analysis through the Chi-square test and logistic regression was completed to assess the predictors of society's attitudes. Results: Twenty-six percent of respondents visited their community pharmacies at least once per week and an additional 65% reported visiting their pharmacy at least once per month. Fifty-five percent of respondents listed the community pharmacist as the first person they would contact in case of any drug-related problem. However, the pharmacist's role was under-appreciated by the majority of respondents (79.8%). These attitudes varied significantly with regard to the demographic characteristics of respondents. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and age were the influential predictors of favourable versus non-favourable attitudes towards the role of pharmacist. Conclusions: The use of community pharmacies in Iraq was characterized by frequent visits to purchase medicines. Selection of the pharmacy primarily depended on its location. Overall, an under-appreciation of the professional performance of pharmacists was predominant. Raising public awareness towards the important role of community pharmacists in providing public health is warranted. Type: Original Research

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Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance: Public Awareness Survey in the Republic of Cyprus

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9110759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 759

Author(s):

Mikaela Michaelidou ◽

Spyridon A. Karageorgos ◽

Constantinos Tsioutis

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

World Health ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Local Evidence

We aimed to assess the knowledge and understanding of antibiotic use and resistance in the general population of Cyprus, in order to inform future antibiotic awareness campaigns with local evidence. Cross-sectional survey following the methodology of the “Antibiotic resistance: Multi-country public awareness survey” of the World Health Organization, during December 2019–January 2020. A total of 614 respondents participated: 64.3% were female and most were aged 35–44 years (33.2%) or 25–34 years (31.8%). One-third had used antibiotics >1 year ago and 91.6% reported receiving advice on appropriate use from a medical professional. Despite high awareness on correct use of antibiotics, lack of knowledge was noted for specific indications, where approximately one-third believed that viral infections respond to antibiotics and 70.7% lack understanding of how antibiotic resistance develops. Higher education graduates exhibited significantly higher knowledge rates. As high as 72.3% were informed about “antibiotic resistant bacteria” from healthcare professionals or social media. Most agreed on the usefulness of most suggested actions to address antibiotic resistance, with higher proportions acknowledging the role of prescribers. Up to 47% could not identify their role in decreasing antibiotic resistance. Our study provides local evidence to inform future efforts in a country characterized by high antibiotic consumption rates.

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Cross-Sectional Survey among General Population Regarding Knowledge and Attitude toward Antibiotic Usage in Western Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9020098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽

Muhannad Wael Baroom ◽

Adil Ibrahim Hanbashi ◽

Abdulrahman Abdulaziz Alkhaibari ◽

Ahmed Omar Yahya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

General Population ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Antibiotic Usage ◽

Age Group ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a threatening issue to human wellbeing and an obstacle in the treatment process of many life-threating illnesses. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic usage among the general population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A self-administered cross-sectional survey of 460 participants was distributed among the general population in Jeddah in the form of a validated questionnaire. Sample size was calculated to be 460 adults of either gender. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: the age of more than half of participants (55.6%) was 18–30 years old, followed by the age group 31–40 years old (26.6%), with the smallest age group >60 years old (1.9%). More than two thirds of participants were male (69.5%), while 131 were female, accounting for 30.5%. Almost one third of participants had poor knowledge about antibiotics (30.5%), 51.0% had used antibiotics without any prescriptions, 54.6% of participants thought antibiotics could be used to treat viral infections, and 55.1% thought it was acceptable to stop taking antibiotics if symptoms start to improve. In addition, 49% believed that taking antibiotics would help them get better more rapidly when suffering from the common cold. Some personal characteristics were significantly associated with the public’s knowledge (e.g., age, education, and monthly income) and their attitudes (e.g., monthly income). Conclusion: Findings revealed a low level of knowledge on the use of antibiotics among the general public in Jeddah. This study signifies the need for improvement in the public’s knowledge and enhancement of their attitudes toward proper utilization of antibiotics.

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The influencing role of social capital in the formation of entrepreneurial intention

Southern African Business Review ◽

10.25159/1998-8125/6043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 51-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M J Malebana

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

The Body ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Commerce Students ◽

The Relationship

This paper investigated the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurial intention using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The study was carried out by means of a cross-sectional survey and included 329 final-year commerce students at a rural university in the Limpopo province. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The results show that social capital is significantly related to entrepreneurial intention, the attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur and perceived behavioural control. The findings indicate that the TPB is a valuable model for understanding the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurial intention. The results indicate that individuals are more likely to form intentions to start a business when they think that their decision to do so would be approved of by those close to them, when entrepreneurial activity is positively valued in the society, when they know other people who are entrepreneurs and successful entrepreneurs, and believe that they would be supported by those close to them when starting a business. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by shedding light on the role of social capital in the formation of entrepreneurial intention in a South African context.

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Awareness of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance amongst dental students

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2021.v24i3.2470 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Khaloud Tariq ◽

Muhammad Hassan ◽

Mehreen Wajahat ◽

Nadia Muneer ◽

Eisha Imran

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Dental Students ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prescription Practices ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Objective: Antibiotic resistance is one of the most threatening public health problems of 20th century. Along with physicians, dental practitioners also routinely prescribe medications for oral and dental infections. However, previous studies have shown that dental surgeons often prescribe antibiotics where new evidence have suggested other treatment measures. Since students in their clinical year prescribe antibiotics under supervision, it is important to understand if they are aware of severity of antibiotic resistance and its impact. Hence, the study aimed to assess awareness of antibiotic use and resistance amongst dental students. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 3rd and 4th year dental students of 4 colleges of Pakistan. A validated questionnaire was adopted from WHO and PHE (Public Health England). It included true or false and Likert scale questions relating to knowledge and attitude of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. Results: Out of 396 responses, majority students were not aware of the terms superbugs (69.7%) and AMR (79%). 89.6% thought that humans can become resistant to antibiotics. 88.6% agreed that antibiotic resistance is a major threat. 61.4% thought they couldn’t do much to stop antibiotic resistance. 87.6% agreed that doctors should only prescribe antibiotics when needed. Conclusion: Overall dental students were aware of antibiotic use and importance of antibiotic resistance although their knowledge associated with antibiotic resistance was not satisfactory. It is vital that students must be taught about mechanism of antibiotic resistance and good prescription practices. Keywords Antibiotic resistance; Knowledge; Attitude; Dental students.

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Antibiotic practices among household members and their domestic animals within rural communities in Cumilla district, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10457-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Paul Hicks ◽

Sophia M. Latham ◽

Rumana Huque ◽

Mahua Das ◽

Jane Newell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Use ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inappropriate Use ◽

Household Members ◽

Household Heads ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global threat to human health, and inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans and animals is widely considered to be a key driver of antibiotic resistant infections. Antibiotic use in humans and animals is growing rapidly in low- and, particularly, middle-income countries. However, there is little detailed understanding about practices related to the use of antibiotics in humans and animals within community settings in such countries. Here we aimed to understand the antibiotic practices of rural households across Cumilla district, Bangladesh, in relation to household members and their domestic animals. Methods In 2018 we conducted a cross-sectional survey using representative cluster sampling methods. We collected self-reported information from 682 female and 620 male household heads, with women also asked about their children’s antibiotic practices. Results Only 48% (95% CI: 40, 56%) of women and men had heard of antibiotics, and among those women and men who were aware of antibiotics and the children of those women 70% (95% CI: 64, 76%) reported having previously taken antibiotics, while among these individuals who reported previously taking antibiotics 21% (95% CI: 18, 25%) said they had done so most recently within the last month. Risky/inappropriate antibiotic practices in humans and animals were often reported. For example, among women and men who were aware of antibiotics and the children of those women 52% (95% CI: 40, 63%) reported previously taking antibiotics for a “cough/cold”, despite antibiotics being typically inappropriate for use against viral upper respiratory tract infections. Among poultry-owning respondents who were aware of antibiotics 11% (95% CI: 8, 15%) reported previously giving healthy poultry antibiotics, mainly for growth/prophylaxis, while among cattle-owning respondents who were aware of antibiotics and reported previously giving their cattle feed 20% (95% CI: 9, 37%) said the feed had contained antibiotics at least sometimes. Conclusions Our results highlight the need for context-adapted interventions at both the community level and the health systems level to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use among humans and domestic animals in rural Bangladesh. Successfully reducing inappropriate use of antibiotics among humans and animals is a required and critical step in tackling antimicrobial resistance.

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Knowledge and Attitudes of Parkinson’s Disease in Rural and Urban Mukono District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Study

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2015/196150 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mark Kaddumukasa ◽

Angelina Kakooza ◽

Martin N. Kaddumukasa ◽

Edward Ddumba ◽

Levi Mugenyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Community Response ◽

The Body ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Limited Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Mukono District

Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) negatively affects the quality of life. There is limited information on PD published from Africa. Lack of adequate knowledge poses a barrier in the provision of appropriate treatment and care for individuals with PD.Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in urban and rural Mukono district, central Uganda. Through the systematic sampling method, data were gathered from 377 adult participants, interviewed on selected aspects of PD knowledge and attitudes.Results. Of the 377 participants, 47% were from urban settings and 68% (260/377) were women with a median age (IQR) of 34 (26–48) years. Half of the study respondents did not know the body part involved in or apparent cause of PD. Nearly 1/3 of individuals believed that PD is a form of insanity and 17% believed that PD is contagious. Rural dwellers were more likely to have incorrect knowledge regarding selected aspects of PD.Conclusions. Understanding the cause of PD is very limited in our setting. Some beliefs about PD aetiology may potentially worsen stigma and social isolation. This study highlights the need for increasing PD awareness in our settings. Public health approaches that improve knowledge are urgently needed to promote care access and community response to Parkinson’s disease.

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Knowledge of cholera and its prevention amongst urban residents of a district in Abuja: The pivotal role of health education

Research Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/rejhs.v8i2.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 102-112

Author(s):

G.O. Anetor ◽

F. Abraham

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Control Measures ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Objectives: Cholera is endemic in many Africa countries including Nigeria, where it is still endemic despite all the control measures put in place. It is still a disease of public health importance. The northern parts of Nigeria been implicated in the recent spike in cholera cases in Nigeria. Durumi, one of the communities in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) has been observed to have cases of cholera in recent times but with paucity of data on the occurrence of the disease in Durumi. This study examined the knowledge of cholera and its prevention amongst the residents of Durumi to get baseline information and ascertain the role of health education in curtailing cholera in the community.Methods: A Descriptive (cross-sectional) survey design. Multistage sampling was used to select 360 participants (171 females and 159 males) and a self-developed validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages and inferential statistics of Chi-square to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significant levels.Results: Knowledge of cholera significant (p-value .000<0.05); age group below 50 years contributed higher percentage scores than those above 50 years old. Awareness of preventive measures to cholera also significant (p-value .000<0.05); the age group below 50 years contributed higher scores than those above 50 years old. Findings suggest insufficient knowledge and awareness of preventive measures of cholera for age > 50 years.Conclusion: Durumi residents appear to have adequate knowledge and awareness of cholera preventive measures. Targeted health education may be employed to prevent cholera in Durumi. Keywords: Cholera, knowledge, prevention, Abuja, health education

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