scholarly journals Work, Leisure Time Activities, and Mental Health among Family Caregivers of the Elder People in Japan

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tomoko Omiya ◽  
Masami Kutsumi ◽  
Sakiko Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
The Relationship

In Japan, there is a high incidence of family members caring for their elderly. To facilitate this, caregivers often quit their jobs, work reduced hours, and forfeit leisure activities. This study examined the relationship between the mental health of the caregivers and the sacrifices and adjustments they make to care for the elderly. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with responses from 171 caregivers. Referencing Pearlin’s stress process model, the relationship among five types of work change, four types of leisure activity quitting, caregivers’ subjective care burden, and depression were analyzed using t-test and multiple regression analysis. Caregivers who quit their work or other home activities had significantly more daily living care responsibilities than those who did not. Moreover, caregivers who gave up leisure activities had a greater sense of subjective care burden than those who did not. The experience of giving up peer activities and taking leave of absence from work was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms. Being a part-timer or financially prosperous was associated with good mental health. To support family caregivers, it is essential to reduce the burden of long-term care and provide financial help and an environment where they interact with their peers, and their moods can be enhanced.

scholarly journals Physical and Mental Health Effects of Characteristics of Caregivers and the Caregiving Situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 116-139
Author(s):  
Chong-Hwan Son
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Caregiver Support ◽  
Caregiver Education

The present study investigated the effects of characteristics of caregivers and the caregiving situation on family caregivers’ physical/mental health, using the multiple regression analysis with the time-series and cross-sectional data from the 2015-2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The regression results indicated that the caregiving role could increase the risk of developing physical/mental health problems. Importantly, this study revealed that the characteristics of caregivers and care recipients were significantly associated with caregivers’ physical/mental health outcomes. Especially the results showed that the caregiver support program was the most significant factor linked to caregivers’ physical/mental health. It pointed to the importance of caregiver education and support programs for family caregivers to cope with the stress from providing care or daily assistance. The results also pinpointed which area of support services for informal caregivers would be a priority to enhance. Thus, the public health policymakers should re-evaluate the current long-term care program to establish a more effective caregiving structure, especially caregiver education and support programs for family caregivers, to improve the informal caregivers’ quality of life.       

scholarly journals Associations Between Multiple Leisure Activities, Mental Health and Substance Use Among Adolescents in Denmark: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziggi Ivan Santini ◽  
Charlotte Meilstrup ◽  
Carsten Hinrichsen ◽  
Line Nielsen ◽  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Types

Background: Previous research has suggested that leisure activity may benefit mental health and protect against substance use among adolescents, but more research is needed to asses associations with a wide range of outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess associations between multiple leisure activities and (1) mental health outcomes and (2) substance use outcomes in a sample of Danish adolescents.Methods: Using data from the Danish part of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) collected in 2019, nation-wide cross-sectional data from 2,488 participants aged 15 or 16 in Denmark were analyzed to assess associations between number of leisure activity types and outcomes pertaining to mental health and substance use.Results: Our results show that engaging in multiple activity types at least once a week—as compared to one single type of activity—is associated with increased odds for high mental well-being, and reduced odds for mental health problems. Engaging in multiple activity types is also associated with reduced odds for overall substance use and for using substances as a coping method. Among those using substances, engaging in multiple activity types is associated with reduced odds of above average substance use.Conclusion: Increasing opportunities for adolescents to engage in leisure activities is suggested to be useful in enhancing mental health and preventing substance use and promoting mental health. Promoting and increasing access to leisure activities among adolescents could be a promising avenue for policy and practice.

scholarly journals Leisure participation amongst Hong Kong Chinese older adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEE-LEE CHOU ◽  
NELSON W. S. CHOW ◽  
IRIS CHI
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Gender Education

Gerontologists have recognised the important influence of leisure activity on the mental and physical health of older adults. To date, however, there have been few studies of the patterns of participation in leisure activity among older adults in Hong Kong. This study examines a large representative sample of Hong Kong older adults and the associations between their socio-economic and health characteristics and their leisure activities. The data are from a cross-sectional survey of 2,180 respondents aged 60 or more years, conducted in 2000 by the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department. There were full records for 2,144 respondents. Among the participation rates in the seven categories of leisure activities, watching television or listening to radio was the highest, while the lowest was for playing mahjong or cards. The characteristics that significantly correlated with the level of participation differed by the activity. Although no consistent pattern emerged, gender, education, employment status, receiving welfare benefits, self-rated health and functional impairment were the strongest correlates for most types of leisure activity. The paper is concluded by comparing the results with previous findings, and by discussing the service implications of the findings, the limitations of the study, and directions for future research.

scholarly journals GENDERED LEISURE ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR AMONG NORWEGIAN ADOLESCENTS ACROSS DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS GROUPS

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Leversen ◽  
Torbjorn Torsheim ◽  
Oddrun Samdal
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative

The present paper explores gendered behavior based on participation patterns of leisure activities among adolescents across socio-economic status (SES) groups, aiming to increase knowledge and understanding of how gender socialization processes are expressed through boys’ and girls’ participation in leisure activities. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate whether such gendered behavior is associated with general levels of participation, and if there may be differences between low, middle, and high SES groups. The study used Norwegian nationally representative data of 15- and 16-year-olds from the World Health Organization's cross-sectional survey, <em>Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2005/06</em> (<em>n</em> = 3,273). Logistic regression analysis and propensity scores showed that adolescent boys and girls had clear gendered behavior patterns based on leisure activity participation in 27 different activities, and that boys and girls had about equal distributions on what was classified as typical (“boyish” or “girlish”), atypical, and neutral gender behavior. Furthermore, gendered behavior was correlated with higher levels of participation for both sexes, and it was more or less similar for boys and girls and for different socio-economic status groups. However, when investigating differences in distributions between SES groups, high SES girls were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of both “boyish” and “girlish” activity behavior, but less “gender-neutral” compared with girls in medium and low SES groups. There were no such differences for boys.

scholarly journals Custodial Grandparent’s Job Loss During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship With Parenting Stress and Mental Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110062
Author(s):  
Qi Wu ◽  
Yanfeng Xu ◽  
Merav Jedwab
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Custodial Grandparents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Involuntary job loss during the COVID-19 pandemic adds challenges, especially for custodial grandparents that are taking care of grandchildren. Grandparents are relatively vulnerable, and they need more attention and support when facing the negative impacts of COVID-19. This study analyzed cross-sectional survey data collected from 234 custodial grandparents via Qualtrics Panels in June 2020 in the United States. After using the propensity score weighting adjustment, results from logistic and ordinary least squares regression showed that compared with grandparents that did not lose their job during the pandemic, grandparents that did had more parenting stress and worse mental health. Moderation analysis also showed that social support was a significant moderator of the relationship between job loss and mental health, but not the relationship between job loss and parenting stress. The findings and implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of meditation and physical activity behaviors on the relationship between perceptions of COVID-19 and mental health in mobile app users in the United States: Cross-sectional survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Green ◽  
Jennifer Huberty ◽  
Megan Puzia ◽  
Chad Stecher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been declared an international public health emergency with potentially long-lasting effects on mental health. There is a need to identify effective strategies to buffer the negative mental health impact of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To examine the regional differences in mental health and perceptions of COVID-19 in light of the state-level prevalence of COVID-19 cases, estimate the associations between perceptions of COVID-19 and health behavior engagement (i.e., physical activity, mindfulness meditation) and mental health, and explore the mediating effect of health behavior engagement on the relationship between perceptions of COVID-19 and mental health. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was distributed to a sample of US adult paying subscribers to the Calm app (data collection April 22 to June 3, 2020). The survey assessed perceptions of COVID-19, health behavior engagement, and mental health (i.e., perceived stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety and depression). Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Differences in perceptions of COVID-19 and mental health by location were assessed using t-tests and chi-square tests. Logistic and OLS models regressed mental health and health behavior on COVID-19 perceptions, and Causal Mediation Analysis was used to estimate the significance of mediation effects. RESULTS The median age (N=8392) was 47 (SD=13.8) years. Mid-Atlantic region (New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania) participants reported higher levels of stress, more severe depression symptoms, were more worried about COVID-19, paid more attention to COVID-19 news, and had more stress-related to social distancing recommendations than participants living in other regions. The relationship between worry about COVID-19 and perceived stress was significantly mediated by changes in physical activity (P<.001) and strength of meditation habit (P<.001). The relationship between worry about COVID-19 and PTSD symptoms was significantly mediated by changes in physical activity (P<.001) and strength of meditation habit (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings describe the mental health impact of COVID-19 and outline how continued participation in health behaviors such as physical activity and mindfulness meditation may buffer against worsening mental health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These data have important implications for public health agencies and health organizations to promote the maintenance of health habits to reduce the residual mental health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Healthy Aging and Happiness in the Korean Elderly Based upon Leisure Activity Type

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chul-Ho BUM ◽  
John Arthur JOHNSON ◽  
Chulhwan CHOI
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Leisure

Background: Leisure activities contribute to a healthy retirement and increase the life satisfaction of the elderly, who may suffer from a stronger sense of emotional isolation, depression, and loneliness. Methods: A total of 397 elderly Koreans aged 65 and over participated in this study on the differences in healthy aging and happiness depending on type of leisure activity (i.e., active, passive, and social activities). A cross-sectional survey design with a purposive sampling method to collect data were employed. SPSS 23.0 was used to conduct descriptive statistics analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, and one-way MANOVA. Results: In terms of social health, the passive leisure participants had relatively lower mean scores than the other two groups. For the physical health factor, the active leisure participants had higher mean scores. There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of psychological health and happiness with life for the elderly participating in the active, passive, and social leisure activities. This study found that only active leisure activities help the elderly to enjoy their old age by increasing their physical health, indicating that the dissatisfaction and unhappiness incurred with the natural aging process can only be offset by a physical lifestyle. Furthermore, passive leisure activities that are enjoyed alone may impede a socially-healthy aging process. Conclusion: While all forms of leisure activity can provide emotional stability, active leisure activity was deemed the most important in this study, as it helped resolve the most significant hurdle to maintaining health.

Physical Activity and Mental Health among Chinese Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Jianxiu Liu ◽  
Mengmeng Ji ◽  
Caitlin Vitosky Clarke ◽  
Ruidong Liu ◽  
Xindong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Mental Health ◽  
Learning Anxiety ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: We assessed the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health among Chinese adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 4 Chinese cities – Beijing, Shanghai, Nanchang, and Urumchi. We randomly selected 25 schools from these cities in both urban and suburban areas. A total of 9269 adolescents completed the survey. We conducted multilevel logistic regressions to examine the relationship between PA engagement and mental health, adjusting for various sample characteristics. Results: Compared to those with low levels of daily PA, adolescents with moderate and high levels of daily PA had lower odds of having learning anxiety (23% for moderate and 37% for high), solitude tendency (52% for moderate and 41% for high), self-accusation (13% for moderate and 15% for high), experiencing sensitivity (15% for moderate and 13% for high), physical symptoms (20% for moderate and 21% for high), and a general mental health problem (total score of all the domains: 41% and 34%). Conclusions: An increase in PA participation holds the potential to improve multiple mental health domains among Chinese adolescents. Future longitudinal or experimental research is warranted to confirm findings from this study.

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