scholarly journals How Do Middle-Aged Chinese Men and Women Balance Caregiving and Employment Income?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Huamin Chai ◽  
Rui Fu ◽  
Peter C. Coyte
Keyword(s):  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Heckman Selection ◽  
Rule Out

Unpaid family caregivers might suffer losses in income as a result of care provision. Here we used data from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to assess the relationship between hours of weekly caregiving provided to grandchildren/parents/parents-in-law and individual’s monthly employment income. Our study sample comprised 3718 middle-aged Chinese adults who were of working age (45–60 years). For women and men separately, we used a likelihood-based method to determine a caregiving threshold in a two-stage Heckman selection procedure. Instrumental variables were used to rule out the endogeneity of caregiving hours. Our analysis revealed a negative association between caregiving and income for women that depended on a caregiving threshold of 63 h per week. There was an absence of caregiving-income relationship among men. These results offer new insights into the opportunity costs of unpaid caregiving and support tailored policies to protect the financial well-being of female caregivers.

scholarly journals How Do Middle-Aged Chinese Men and Women Balance Caregiving and Employment Income?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huamin Chai ◽  
Rui Fu ◽  
Peter C. Coyte
Keyword(s):  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Heckman Selection ◽  
Rule Out

Unpaid family caregivers might suffer losses in income as a result of care provision. Here we used data from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to assess the relationship between hours of weekly caregiving provided to grandchildren/parents/parents-in-law and individual’s monthly employment income. Our study sample comprised 3,718 middle-aged Chinese adults who were of working age (45-60 years). For women and men separately, we used a likelihood-based method to determine a caregiving threshold in a two-stage Heckman selection procedure. Instrumental variables were used to rule out the endogeneity of caregiving hours. Our analysis revealed a negative association between caregiving and income for women that depended on a caregiving threshold of 63-hours per week. There was an absence of caregiving-income relationship among men. These results offer new insights into the opportunity costs of unpaid caregiving and support tailored policies to protect the financial well-being of female caregivers.

Does unpaid caregiving erode working hours among middle-aged Chinese adults?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huamin Chai ◽  
Rui Fu ◽  
Peter C. Coyte
Keyword(s):  
Work Productivity ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Hours Of Work ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Middle-aged adults are commonly confronted with the burden of paid work and multiple caregiving roles. This paper examines the relationship between weekly hours of unpaid caregiving and hours of work using data from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The analysis was conducted on a nationally representative sample of 3,645 working-age Chinese adults aged 45-60 years who were not farming and had a young grandchild and/or a parent/parent-in-law. For women and men separately, we combined the use of a Heckman selection procedure and instrumental variables to estimate the relationship between weekly caregiving hours and hours of work. A caregiving threshold was also identified for women and men separately to allow for the testing of a kink and/or a discontinuity in this relationship. We found that for women, their working hours were initially unrelated to hours of caregiving before the threshold of 72 caregiving hours per week; then, their working hours experienced an almost two-fold increase at the caregiving threshold before falling by 2.02 percent for each additional hour of caregiving beyond the threshold. For men, their hours of work fell by 2.74 percent for each hourly increment in caregiving. Although a caregiving threshold of 112 hours was identified for men, there was insufficient evidence for a statistically significant kink or discontinuity in this relationship. These findings provide support for a range of fiscal and human resource policies that target employed family caregivers in order to advance their well-being while also maintaining their work productivity.JEL Classification: D13, J21, J22

Middle and Below Living Standards: What Can We Learn from Beyond Income Measures of Economic Well-being?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marii Paskov ◽  
Joan E. Madia ◽  
Tim Goedemé
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Well Being

This chapter complements the income-based measures of living standards on which earlier chapters have focused by incorporating non-income dimensions of economic well-being into its analysis, including indicators of material deprivation, economic burdens, and financial stress. It analyses how working-age households around and below the middle of the income distribution fared in European countries in the years before, during, and after the Great Recession. Harmonized household-level data across the members of the EU are analysed to see whether the evolution of these various non-income measures present a similar or different picture to household incomes over time. To probe what lies behind the patterns this reveals, four quite different countries are then examined in greater depth. Finally, the chapter also explores the relationship between material deprivation for households around and below the middle and overall income inequality.

scholarly journals Exploring Stress and Problematic Use of Short-Form Video Applications among Middle-Aged Chinese Adults: The Mediating Roles of Duration of Use and Flow Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Qing Huang ◽  
Mingxin Hu ◽  
Hongliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Flow Experience ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
The Relationship

The pervasiveness of smartphones and the popularity of short-form video applications (SVAs), such as TikTok, among middle-aged Chinese adults have raised concerns about problematic SVAs use. Although a plethora of research has examined problematic smartphone use among teenagers and young adults, scarce attention has been paid to the middle-aged group. This study integrates the psychopathological approach and the compensatory use approach to explicate problematic SVAs use among middle-aged Chinese adults. We aim to examine the relationship between stress and problematic SVAs use via the mediating roles of duration of use and flow experience. A total of 194 middle-aged adults from across the nation participated in an online survey. The results showed that stress was positively associated with problematic SVAs use. We also found that duration of use positively mediated the relationship between stress and problematic SVAs use. Furthermore, a serial mediation effect of duration of use and flow experience was found. The findings suggest that the aforementioned two approaches are complementary to each other in explicating problematic SVAs use, but the compensatory use approach explains more than the psychopathological approach does. Flow experience extends the original compensatory use approach and demonstrates the importance of incorporating techno-psychological predictors in understanding problematic SVAs use.

scholarly journals Subjective well-being and mental health during the pandemic outbreak: Exploring the role of institutional trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752097514
Author(s):  
Sunwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
News Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between material adversities due to pandemic crisis, institutional trust, and subjective well-being and mental health among middle-aged and older adults aged 50+ in Europe. The study used a cross-sectional design to examine Eurofound COVID-19 survey data collected from 27 European countries in April 2020. A total of 31,757 European middle aged and older adults aged 50 + were analyzed (Mean = 59.99, SD = 7.03). Analysis focused on the financial impact and material security in relation to pandemic lockdown, institutional trust (news media, police, national government, European Union, and healthcare system), and subjective well-being and mental health. Regression analysis indicated perceived insecurity in employment and housing, worsening finances, and difficulty paying for basic necessities were significantly related to respondents’ life satisfaction, happiness, self-rated health, mental health index, and psychological distress. Institutional trust partially mediated the relationship between perceived adversities and subjective well-being and mental health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document