scholarly journals Predicting Hospital Overall Quality Star Ratings in the USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Nisha Kurian ◽  
Jyotsna Maid ◽  
Sharoni Mitra ◽  
Lance Rhyne ◽  
Michael Korvink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Double Counting ◽  
Ordered Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Approach ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) assigns quality star ratings to hospitals upon assessing their performance across 57 measures. Ratings can be used by healthcare consumers for hospital selection and hospitals for quality improvement. We provide a simpler, more intuitive modeling approach, aligned with recent criticism by stakeholders. An ordered logistic regression approach is proposed to assess associations between performance measures and ratings across eligible (n = 4519) U.S. hospitals. Covariate selection reduces the double counting of information from highly correlated measures. Multiple imputation allows for inference of star ratings when information on all measures is not available. Twenty performance measures were found to contain all the relevant information to formulate star rating predictions upon accounting for performance measure correlation. Hospitals can focus their efforts on a subset of model-identified measures, while healthcare consumers can predict quality star ratings for hospitals ineligible under CMS criteria.

scholarly journals Environmental Assessment and Sustainable Development in the United States

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sueyoshi ◽  
Youngbok Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
The U.S

This study aims to overview the U.S. sustainable development by measuring the environmental performance of 50 states over the period of 2009–2018. To attain the objective, we employ data envelopment analysis for environmental assessment where we prioritize the minimization of CO2 emissions first and the maximization of gross state product later under the concept of managerial disposability (i.e., an environment-based performance measure). Then, we examine how the state-level environmental performance measures are associated with their political and spatial contexts. For the purpose, we conduct the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test across groups of states characterized by their political transitions in the presidential and gubernatorial elections and defined by the regions of the U.S. Economic Development Administration and Environmental Protection Agency. Based on our empirical results, we find that (a) overall environmental performance has gradually enhanced over time, (b) there are statistically significant differences in the environmental performance measures along with the political transitions, and (c) states on both coasts have outperformed those of the middle in the measurement.

scholarly journals An evaluation of performance measures for arterial brain vessel segmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhun Utku Aydin ◽  
Abdel Aziz Taha ◽  
Adam Hilbert ◽  
Ahmed A. Khalil ◽  
Ivana Galinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Hausdorff Distance ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Vessel Segmentation ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Medical Image Segmentation ◽  
Cerebral Vessel ◽  
Angiography Cerebral ◽  
Brain Vessel

Abstract Background Arterial brain vessel segmentation allows utilising clinically relevant information contained within the cerebral vascular tree. Currently, however, no standardised performance measure is available to evaluate the quality of cerebral vessel segmentations. Thus, we developed a performance measure selection framework based on manual visual scoring of simulated segmentation variations to find the most suitable measure for cerebral vessel segmentation. Methods To simulate segmentation variations, we manually created non-overlapping segmentation errors common in magnetic resonance angiography cerebral vessel segmentation. In 10 patients, we generated a set of approximately 300 simulated segmentation variations for each ground truth image. Each segmentation was visually scored based on a predefined scoring system and segmentations were ranked based on 22 performance measures common in the literature. The correlation of visual scores with performance measure rankings was calculated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results The distance-based performance measures balanced average Hausdorff distance (rank = 1) and average Hausdorff distance (rank = 2) provided the segmentation rankings with the highest average correlation with manual rankings. They were followed by overlap-based measures such as Dice coefficient (rank = 7), a standard performance measure in medical image segmentation. Conclusions Average Hausdorff distance-based measures should be used as a standard performance measure in evaluating cerebral vessel segmentation quality. They can identify more relevant segmentation errors, especially in high-quality segmentations. Our findings have the potential to accelerate the validation and development of novel vessel segmentation approaches.

Which Performance Measures Do Investors Around the World Value the Most—and Why?

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Barton ◽  
Thomas Bowe Hansen ◽  
Grace Pownall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Operating Cash Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Highly Correlated

ABSTRACT: We examine the value relevance of a comprehensive set of summary performance measures including sales, earnings, comprehensive income, and operating cash flows. We find that, while value relevance peaks for measures “above the line,” no single measure dominates around the world. Instead, a measure is more relevant when it captures, directly and quickly, information about firms’ cash flows. Specifically, for each performance measure by country, we estimate eight attributes commonly used to assess earnings quality. We find these attributes highly correlated—most of their variance is explained by only two principal factors. A factor capturing articulation with cash flows is positively associated with a measure’s value relevance; a factor reflecting the measure’s persistence, predictability, smoothness, and conservatism is negatively associated. Our results suggest that, when it comes to equity valuation, accounting researchers and standard-setters should focus not on what performance measure is “best” at a given point in time, but on the underlying attributes that investors find most relevant.

scholarly journals Behind broad corporate governance aggregates: A first look at single provisions of the German corporate governance code

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bassen ◽  
Stefan Prigge ◽  
Christine Zöllner
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Individual Analysis ◽  
Corporate Governance Code ◽  
German Stock ◽  
Geographical Scope ◽  
The U.S

This study contributes to the emerging research that analyzes the relation between performance and single components of broad corporate governance aggregates, such as governance codes and ratings. Available research is confined to the U.S., Japan, and emerging markets. We enlarge the geographical scope to the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC). For a sample of 100 large listed German stock corporations, compliance with the GCGC at large is significantly associated only with one of our performance measures (Tobin’s q); this connection is negative. Individual analysis of eleven GCGC recommendations reveals that for three of them, association with all performance measures is insignificant. Four (four) components are significantly positively (negatively) connected with at least one performance measure

Infections caused by medical products at longterm nursing care

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Hardy Thorsten Panknin
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Nosocomial infections in the elderly, often suffering from many ailments, patients in homes for the disabled and the old are among the problematic diseases that specialized nursing staff and doctors have to deal with more often in such institutions. Review work from the USA introduces relevant information about infectious risks, as well as possible preventive and therapeutic measures.

Usacerl's Experiences with Small Wastewater Treatment Plants in the USA

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
E. D. Smith ◽  
R. J. Scholze
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Remote Site ◽  
Corps Of Engineers ◽  
Military Installations ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactors ◽  
The U.S

This paper presents a review of collected experience of one of the U.S. Corps of Engineers research laboratories in the area of small systems for wastewater treatment. Findings and experiences are presented for the use of package plants such as rotating biological contactors (RBCs), and remote site waste treatment at military installations and recreation areas.

Effects of Accounting-Method Choices on Subjective Performance-Measure Weighting Decisions: Experimental Evidence on Precision and Error Covariance

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjani Krishnan ◽  
Joan L. Luft ◽  
Michael D. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Incentive System ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Error Covariance ◽  
Psychology Theory ◽  
Optimal Weighting ◽  
Similarity And Difference

Performance-measure weights for incentive compensation are often determined subjectively. Determining these weights is a cognitively difficult task, and archival research shows that observed performance-measure weights are only partially consistent with the predictions of agency theory. Ittner et al. (2003) have concluded that psychology theory can help to explain such inconsistencies. In an experimental setting based on Feltham and Xie (1994), we use psychology theories of reasoning to predict distinctive patterns of similarity and difference between optimal and actual subjective performance-measure weights. The following predictions are supported. First, in contrast to a number of prior studies, most individuals' decisions are significantly influenced by the performance measures' error variance (precision) and error covariance. Second, directional errors in the use of these measurement attributes are relatively frequent, resulting in a mean underreaction to an accounting change that alters performance measurement error. Third, individuals seem insufficiently aware that a change in the accounting for one measure has spillover effects on the optimal weighting of the other measure in a two-measure incentive system. In consequence, they make performance-measure weighting decisions that are likely to result in misallocations of agent effort.

Wartime Prosperity? A Reassessment of the U.S. Economy in the 1940s

1992 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Higgs
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Command Economy ◽  
First Time ◽  
The U.S

Relying on standard measures of macroeconomic performance, historians and economists believe that “war prosperity” prevailed in the United States during World War II. This belief is ill-founded, because it does not recognize that the United States had a command economy during the war. From 1942 to 1946 some macroeconomic performance measures are statistically inaccurate; others are conceptually inappropriate. A better grounded interpretation is that during the war the economy was a huge arsenal in which the well-being of consumers deteriorated. After the war genuine prosperity returned for the first time since 1929.

Abstract 3429: Implementation of Electronic Medical Record Stroke Templates Increases Compliance with Stroke Performance Measures

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crismely A Perdomo ◽  
Vepuka E Kauari ◽  
Elizabeth Suarez ◽  
Olajide Williams ◽  
Joshua Stillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Electronic Medical Record ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
New York State ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Free Text ◽  
And Performance

Background and Purpose The literature demonstrates how utilizing evidence-based, standardized stroke care can improve patient outcomes; however, the contribution of electronic medical record (EMR) systems may also impact outcomes by ensuring utilization and compliance with established stroke performance measures, facilitating and improving documentation requirements, and standardizing approach to care. In 2008, documentation in patients’ medical records was done in combination of paper and a template free EMR. Originally, the EMR was used for order entry, then transitioned to full electronic documentation in 2009. At that time we implemented our stroke templates and performance measures based on regulatory standards. We hypothesized that the stroke template implementation would help us achieve performance measure criteria above state benchmarks as set out by the New York State Department of Health (NYS DOH). Methods Implementation was phased in [over 18 months], initially using a template that only included neurological assessment and free text fields for stroke measures. By July 2010, existing templates were modified and additional stroke templates were implemented to meet new regulatory requirements and meaningful use criteria. Retrospective data review was conducted for performance comparison between 2008 -- one year prior to EMR/template implementation -- and 2010. In Quarter 1 of 2011 EMR was also implemented in the Emergency Department (ED). Data was reviewed for compliance with stroke measures. Results Documentation compliance substantially improved between 2008 and Quarter 1 2011: Compliance for these measures has been maintained ≥ 85% since November 2010, ≥ 90% Q1 2011 Conclusions The EMR implementation of stroke templates and performance measures can produce substantial improvement in performance measure compliance. Future steps will include automated documentation alerts to retrieve information and real time discovery of missing documentation for concurrent quality review and improvement

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