Combined Effects of Metabolic Abnormalities and Obesity on Cardiovascular Diseases among Korean Postmenopausal Women

Combined effects of metabolic abnormalities, including metabolic syndrome and obesity, should be identified to screen postmenopausal women at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the combined effects of metabolic abnormalities and obesity on cardiovascular diseases among postmenopausal Korean women (aged 40–83 years). Data of 5959 postmenopausal women from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2018) were secondarily analyzed. Using complex simple analysis procedures, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the combined effect of metabolic abnormalities and obesity on cardiovascular diseases among postmenopausal Korean women. In combination, metabolic syndrome (more than three metabolic abnormalities) and obesity (overweight [≥23 kg/m2 and <25 kg/m2 in body mass index] and obese [>25 kg/m2 in body mass index]) increased the likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases but combining more than one metabolic abnormality and obesity did not. Combining metabolic syndrome and non-obesity (underweight and normal weight) increased the likelihood of the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases but combining more than one metabolic abnormality and non-obesity did not. Increased cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women may be more commonly associated with metabolic syndrome having multiple metabolic abnormalities, but not obesity. Thus, instead of simple weight control, early management of metabolic syndrome is recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease among postmenopausal Korean women.

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Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity and Metabolic Abnormalities Among 12-15 Year Age Group in an Urban City in Sri-Lanka

10.21203/rs.3.rs-89303/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vasana Kiridana ◽

Ruchira Karunaratne ◽

Jagath Chaminda Ranasinghe ◽

Thilini Surenika Munasinghe ◽

Umeshi Ishanthika Karunadasa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Body Mass ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Ultra Sound ◽

Normal Body Mass Index ◽

Metabolic Abnormalities ◽

Urban City ◽

Lipid Abnormalities

Abstract ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of childhood overweight, obesity and metabolic abnormalities among children aged 12-15 years within the schools in Kandy Municipality area, Sri Lanka. DesignCross- sectional observational study.SettingRandomly selected schools in Kandy municipality areaMethodsThe anthropometric measurements of 1766 school children were taken and those who were overweight or obese were recruited for further evaluation of metabolic abnormalities.ResultsThere were 1053 (59.62%) boys and 713 (40.37%) girls of whom 258 (14.60%) were overweight or obese (7.81% overweight and 6.79% obese). This included 106 girls of whom, 64 were overweight and 42 were obese and 152 boys of whom, 74 and 78 were overweight and obese respectively. Central obesity was seen in 16.93% and 5.01% of them had normal body mass index. Eighty-five children out of the 258 with body mass index > 85th percentile reported for further evaluation and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among them was 11.67% (5 girls and 5 boys). When borderline and abnormal levels of lipids were taken together, more than 50% of overweight and obese children were found to have dyslipidaemia. Elevated Alanine Amino Transaminase and Aspartate Amino Transaminase levels were reported in 33 (38.82%) and 7 (8.24%) respectively. Evidence of fatty liver was present in 34.69% based on abdominal ultra sound scan findings.ConclusionWhile prevalence rates of overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome are comparable with other urban settings in the country as well as neighbouring countries in Asia, the study highlights the detection of lipid abnormalities suggestive of familial hyperlipidaemia which warrants further evaluation. NAFLD is also identified as a significant comorbidity. Central obesity is underestimated by British standards.

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Association of obesity with serum estrogen level in postmenopausal women

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v45i2.28980 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 79-84

Author(s):

Nahid Yeasmin ◽

Mir Jakib Hossain ◽

Iqbal Hossain ◽

Qazi Shamima Akther

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Estrogen Level

Incidence of obesity among postmenopausal women is increasing throughout the world, leading to life threatening medical problem like cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus. Estrogen deficiency that develops during menopause is likely the etiological factors for development of abdominal obesity. Increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women may be due to abdominal obesity caused by lower level of estrogen hormone. The study was carried out to observe the association of obesity with serum estrogen level in postmenopausal women. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of January 2011 to December 2011. A total number of 90 female subjects were selected from different areas of Dhaka city. Among them, 60 postmenopausal women with age ranging from 50 to 60 years were taken as study group and 30 apparently healthy premenopausal women with age ranging from 20 to 30 years were included as control group for comparison. Waist circumference was measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated in both groups. Serum estrogen level was estimated in order to assess the hormonal level of postmenopausal women. The value of waist circumference was higher in postmenopausal women than those of premenopausal women and result was statistically non significant. Body mass index value was significantly (p<0.001) higher in postmenopausal women in comparison to those of premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women serum estrogen level was lower than premenopausal women and serum estrogen level showed negative correlation with waist circumference and body mass index values. All these correlations were statistically non significant. Present study revealed that there is association of obesity with serum estrogen level in postmenopausal women.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 May; 45 (2): 79-84

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Determining the optimal cutoff points for waist circumference and body mass index for identification of metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome in urban Thai population

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.diabres.2012.09.018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. e16-e21 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Apilak Worachartcheewan ◽

Prabhop Dansethakul ◽

Chanin Nantasenamat ◽

Phannee Pidetcha ◽

Virapong Prachayasittikul

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Metabolic Abnormalities ◽

Optimal Cutoff ◽

Thai Population ◽

Cutoff Points

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The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Gorgan

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2012/953627 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Abdoljalal Marjani ◽

Sedigheh Moghasemi

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

The Mean

Introduction. The present study aimed to assess the metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women in Gorgan, Iran.Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on hundred postmenopausal women who were referred to the health centers in Gorgan. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines.Results. The mean body mass index, waist circumference, hip, circumference waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, and triglyceride and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly high among postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome, but the mean HDL-cholesterol was significantly low (P<0.05). Overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31%. Body mass index and waist circumference had a positive correlation with a number of metabolic syndrome factors (P<0.001). Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio had a positive correlation with each other (P<0.001). BMI had relatively high correlation with WC (P<0.001).Conclusions. Our results show that postmenopausal status might be a predictor of metabolic syndrome. Low HDL-cholesterol level and high abdominal obesity are the most frequent characteristics in comparison to other metabolic components. Our study also showed some related factors of metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women. These factors may increase cardiovascular risk among postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

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Evaluating the Combination of Metabolic Syndrome and Different Body Mass Index Categories to Predict Risk for Mortality among U.S. Adults

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1662-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1662-P

Author(s):

TING HUAI SHI ◽

SUNDAR NATARAJAN

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass

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Pancreatic Fat Is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome and Visceral Fat but Not Beta-Cell Function or Body Mass Index in Pediatric Obesity

Pancreas ◽

10.1097/mpa.0000000000000771 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 358-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Johan Staaf ◽

Viktor Labmayr ◽

Katharina Paulmichl ◽

Hannes Manell ◽

Jing Cen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Beta Cell ◽

Body Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Pediatric Obesity ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Pancreatic Fat

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Bariatric Embolization in the Treatment of Patients with a Body Mass Index Between 30 and 39.9 kg/m2 (Obesity Class I and II) and Metabolic Syndrome, a Pilot Study

CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00270-021-02776-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Raphael Braz Levigard ◽

Henrique Serrão ◽

Camille Castro ◽

Priscila Matos ◽

Fernanda Mattos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Body Mass ◽

Class I ◽

Obesity Class ◽

Bariatric Embolization

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The effects of metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy on clinical features of the metabolic syndrome

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns1010611k ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 63 (9-10) ◽

pp. 611-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Branka Koprivica ◽

Teodora Beljic-Zivkovic ◽

Tatjana Ille

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Body Mass ◽

Combined Therapy

Introduction. Insulin resistance is a well-known leading factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic effects of metformin added to sulfonylurea in unsuccessfully treated type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A group of thirty subjects, with type 2 diabetes, secondary sulfonylurea failure and metabolic syndrome were administered the combined therapy of sulfonylurea plus metformin for six months. Metformin 2000 mg/d was added to previously used sulfonylurea agent in maximum daily dose. Antihypertensive and hypolipemic therapy was not changed. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after six months of therapy: glycemic control, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions, homeostatic models for evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion (HOMA R, HOMA B) and C- peptide. Results. Glycemic control was significantly improved after six months of the combined therapy: (fasting 7.89 vs. 10.61 mmol/l. p<0.01; postprandial 11.12 vs. 12.61 mmol/l. p<0.01, p<0.01; glycosylated hemoglobin 6.81 vs. 8.83%. p<0.01). the body mass index and waist circumference were significantly lower (26.7 vs. 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.01 and 99.7 vs. 101.4 cm for men, p<0.01; 87.2 vs. 88.5 for women, p<0.01). Fasting plasma triglycerides decreased from 3.37 to 2.45 mmol/l (p<0.001) and HOMA R from 7.04 to 5.23 (p<0.001). No treatment effects were observed on blood pressure, cholesterol, and residual insulin secretion. Conclusion. Administration of metformin in type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome decreased cardiovascular risk factors by reducing glycemia, triglycerides, BMI, central obesity and insulin resistance.

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