Novel Adiposity and Biochemical–Anthropometric Indices to Identify Cardiometabolic Risk and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Adults

Although several indices used in clinical practice identify cardiometabolic risk (CR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), it is imperative to develop indices for specific populations. Therefore, we proposed and validated sex-specific indices to identify CR associated with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation or MetS in Mexican adults. Additionally, a cut-off value for the visceral fat area (VFA) to identify CR was proposed. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and body composition variables were evaluated in 904 subjects (25–45 years old) (84.4% men). Multiple and logistic regressions were used to model the indices and ROC curve analysis to determine predictive performance. An additional cohort (n = 186) was used for indices validation, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was employed for agreement analysis. The proposed sex-specific indices, called Mexican adiposity indices (MAIs) and biochemical–anthropometric indices (BAIs), were good predictors for CR and MetS. The kappa coefficients showed a moderate agreement level. The VFA cut-off value chosen to identify CR was 100.3 cm2 because it had the best combination of sensitivity (66.8%) and specificity (64.4%). MAIs and BAIs could be clinical tools to identify either CR associated to VAT accumulation or MetS, respectively. A VFA cut-off value of 100.3 cm2 could identify CR in Mexican men.

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Aerobic interval training improves irisin and chemerin levels of both liver and visceral adipose tissues and circulating asprosin in rats with metabolic syndrome

Physiology International ◽

10.1556/2060.2021.00182 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fereshteh Ahmadabadi ◽

Hossein Nakhaei ◽

Mehdi Mogharnasi ◽

Chun-Jung Huang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Interval Training ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Aerobic Interval Training ◽

Visceral Adipose

Abstract The perturbation of adipokinetic hormones, such as irisin, chemerin, and asprosin has been reported to participate in pathological conditions (e.g., insulin resistance) and chronic inflammation. However, exercise training has been long established as an effective intervention for prevention and treatment of these chronic and metabolic diseases. This study was to examine the effects of aerobic continuous training (ACT) and aerobic interval training (AIT) on irisin and chemerin levels of liver tissue (LT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), circulating asprosin, and their relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors in rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: normal control (N-Ctr), control (Ctr-MetS), ACT, and AIT. After familiarization, rats with exercise intervention performed either ACT or AIT five times a week over eight weeks. The level of irisin in both ACT and AIT groups was higher than the Ctr-MetS group in LT and VAT, with a greater improvement of LT level observed in AIT vs. ACT groups. Furthermore, the level of chemerin in LT and VAT was lower in both ACT and AIT groups than the Ctr-MetS group, whereas only AIT group exhibited a reduction of serum asprosin when compared to ACT and Ctr-MetS, along with the improvements of cardiometabolic markers, such as HOMA-IR and lipid profile. These findings may support the efficiency and effectiveness of AIT intervention in the modulation of these novel metabolic hormones and cardiometabolic risk factors for reduced risk of metabolic syndrome.

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The Threshold of Visceral Adipose Tissue Areas Measured With QCT On Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In A Nationwide Study In China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1130497/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaojuan Zha ◽

Yanhui Lu ◽

Yongli Li ◽

Dong Yan ◽

Limei Ran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Threshold Values ◽

Men And Women ◽

Anthropometric Index ◽

Visceral Adipose

Abstract Background: Abdominal adiposity is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area obtained from computed tomography (CT) is a key anthropometric index. The present study investigated the VAT criteria on cardiometabolic risk factors in a large-scale nationwide Chinese population.Method: A total of 21,772 adults who underwent a low dose chest CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening at one of 13 health checkup centers throughout China and had complete ancillary health records were evaluated. Abdominal VAT area at the center of L2 vertebra was measured with Mindways quantitative CT software using the existing LDCT dataset. Relevant anthropometric, serum and blood pressure measurements were obtained from the participants’ records. The VAT distribution of the LDCT cohort was age-adjusted using the Chinese national census. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on the Chinese national guidelines was 29.5% and 10.5% in men and women respectively. Using ROC curves, the optimum threshold values for VAT area to identify metabolic syndrome were 213 cm2 in men, and 136 cm2 in women. For participants with VAT area above threshold, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for metabolic syndrome was 6.15 (5.65, 6.69) and 9.25 (7.58, 11.4) for men and women respectively. A further analysis of population attributable risk showed that VAT above threshold was significantly associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: In this large-scale nationwide population of China, sex-specific threshold values for VAT area measured by CT were established to identify the risk of metabolic syndrome. VAT area is a key anthropometric index of interventions to control cardiometabolic risk.

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DXA Measured Visceral Adipose Tissue, Total Fat, Anthropometric Indices and its Association With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Mother-Daughter Pairs From India

Journal of Clinical Densitometry ◽

10.1016/j.jocd.2020.06.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sahana Shetty ◽

Nitin Kapoor ◽

Nihal Thomas ◽

Thomas Vizhalil Paul

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Total Fat ◽

Visceral Adipose

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Tadalafil ameliorates metabolic syndrome-induced alterations in visceral adipose tissue and liver: an experimental study in the rabbit

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.35.oc9.2 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Linda Vignozzi ◽

Sandra Filippi ◽

Ilaria Cellai ◽

Paolo Comeglio ◽

Elena Maneschi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose

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Correction of morphofunctional disorders with grapes polyphenols in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome

Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Patogenez» ◽

10.25557/gm.2018.4.9748 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

Ю.И. Шрамко ◽

А.В. Кубышкин ◽

А.А. Давыдова ◽

И.И. Фомочкина ◽

Л.Л. Алиев ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Normal Structure ◽

Hepatic Tissue ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Grape Polyphenols ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Experimental Group

Цель работы состояла в изучении влияния полифенолов винограда на органы-мишени при экспериментальном метаболическом синдроме у крыс. Методы. В течение 12 недель полифенолы винограда применялись у крыс линии Вистар. Все крысы находились на стандартном рационе. Животные были разделены на 6 групп: 1-я контрольная получала питьевую воду; 2-я контрольная и все 4 экспериментальные - 2,5% раствор фруктозы в качестве питья. 1-я экспериментальная группа дополнительно получала препарат «Фэнокор» с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 181,53 г/дм, 2-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 1,73 г/дм; 3-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 4,33 г/дм и 4-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 8,58 г/дм. После окончания опыта у крыс проводили морфологические исследования висцеральной жировой ткани, тканей миокарда и печени. Результаты. Анализ результатов показал, что применение полифенольных продуктов переработки винограда в концентрациях 181,53 г/дм при моделировании метаболического синдрома приводило к минимизации морфофункциональных нарушений в висцеральной жировой ткани (уменьшение интенсивности лимфоплазмоцитарной инфильтрации), миокарде (мышечные волокна имели типичное строение и адипоциты между ними встречались лишь очагово) и печени (имелись лишь слабые очаговые дистрофические изменения гепатоцитов). Заключение. Результаты работы свидетельствуют о возможности применения виноматериалов с наибольшей концентрацией полифенолов и препарата «Фэнокор» в коррекции и профилактике поражений при метаболическом синдроме. The aim of this work was to study the effect of grape polyphenols on target organs in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome. Methods. Grape polyphenols were used in Wistar rats for 12 weeks. All rats received a standard diet. The animals were divided into 6 groups: group 1, control, received drinking water; group 2, the second control, and four experimental groups received a 2.5% fructose solution for drinking. The first experimental group additionally received a drug, Fenocor, containing polyphenols at 181.53 g/dm; the second experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 1,73 g/dm; the third experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 4,33 g/dm; and the fourth experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 8,58 g/dm. At the end of experiment, morphological studies of visceral adipose tissue, myocardial tissue, and hepatic tissue were performed. Results. The treatment of rats with experimental metabolic syndrome with grape polyphenolic products at a concentration of 181.53 g/dm minimized morphological and functional disorders in visceral adipose tissue (intensity of lymphoplasmocytic infiltration was decreased), myocardium (muscle fibers had normal structure with only occasional adipocytes between them), and liver (only slight focal degenerative changes were observed in hepatocytes). Conclusion. The study indicated a possibility of using wine materials with the highest concentration of polyphenols and the drug Fenocor for correction and prevention of damages in metabolic syndrome.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in the community.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1089607.544872 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Zecharia Madar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Soft Drink Consumption ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Middle Aged Adults

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Study Upon the Serum Level of Uric Acid and the Metabolic Syndrome Components

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.3.7064 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 1062-1066

Author(s):

Maria Rada ◽

Delia Berceanu-Vaduva ◽

Milan Velimirovici ◽

Simona Dragan ◽

Daniel Duda-Seiman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Level ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Mean Value ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Direct Association ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Components

The serum level of uric acid (UA) appears to be associated with a variety of cardiometabolic risk factors; however, direct association with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between serum levels of UA and the components that define MetS, differentiated by gender. 262 patients were enrolled (132 women and 130 men); mean value of the age: 58.7�16 year. Hyperuricemia was considered when the level of serum UA �7mg/dL in men, and � 6mg/dL in women; MetS was defined according to the IDF criteria. The prevalence of MetS in the studied group was 35.11% and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 16.79%. Men with hyperuricemia had the highest prevalence of abdominal obesity (87.5% vs. 66.32%, p [0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (65.62% vs. 45.91%, p [ 0.001) versus men with normal level of serum UA. Women with hyperuricemia also had a significantly higher incidence of abdominal obesity (75% vs. 57.51%, p [0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (58.33% vs. 38.33%, p [0.001), decreased HDL (50% vs. 33.33%, p [0.001) and hyperglycemia (66.66% versus 50%, p [0.001) compared to those with normal levels of serum UA. The majority of men with hyperuricemia have more than 4 of the MetS components. Hyperuricemia had a higher prevalence in patients with MetS, it may be considered as a causal factor of MetS. Elevated levels of serum uric acid were significantly more associated with the increasing number of MetS components. Early detection and treatment of hyperuricemia is essential for preventing the metabolic syndrome and its complications.

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