scholarly journals Identification of Dyes in Coptic Textiles from the Museum of Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3147-3156
Author(s):  
Ioannis Karapanagiotis ◽  
Omar Abdel-Kareem ◽  
Paraskevi Kamaterou ◽  
Dimitrios Mantzouris
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Rubia Tinctorum ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
Hplc Peak ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Very High

High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a Diode-Array-Detector (HPLC-DAD) is used to investigate samples which were extracted from ancient Egyptian textiles (4th–5th c. AD) of the Museum of Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University. Madder is identified in several samples. According to semi-quantitative results, which are obtained from HPLC peak areas measured at 254 nm, madder that is rich in purpurin and poor in alizarin is identified in samples which were treated (i) only with madder and (ii) with madder and either indigo/woad (Indigofera species and other/Isatis tinctoria L.) or weld (Reseda luteola L.). The madder dye used in these samples could have been originated from Rubia peregrina L. However, the possible use of Rubia tinctorum L. (or other plants of the Rubiaceae family) by the Egyptian dyers cannot be ruled out, particularly if methods were developed by the ancient dyers to affect and control the relative composition of madder dye. The HPLC peak area ratio of alizarin versus purpurin is very high (>2.2) for samples which were treated with madder (probably originated from R. tinctorum) and a tannin source. Finally, in some samples, only indigoid dyes (indigo/woad) are identified.

scholarly journals Exploring the transition from natural to synthetic dyes in the production of 19th-century Central Asian ikat textiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Tamburini ◽  
Eric Breitung ◽  
Chika Mori ◽  
Tomoko Kotajima ◽  
Matthew L. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Grape Vine ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Rubia Tinctorum ◽  
Alizarin Yellow

Abstract This study focuses on the dye analysis of 26 ikat textiles present in the collection of the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and originally collected by Dr. Guido Goldman with the aim to gain additional information about their provenance and dating. The investigation exploits the full potential of a multi-analytical approach, starting with a non-invasive survey of all the colors using fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS), which revealed the presence of indigo and insect-based red dyes. These data were used to select areas from which samples were taken and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC–DAD). These results enabled most of the natural sources of dyes to be fully identified, including American cochineal (Dactylopius coccus), madder (probably Rubia tinctorum), lac (probably Kerria lacca), larkspur (Delphinum semibarbatum), pagoda tree flower buds (Sophora japonica), grape vine leaves (Vitis vinifera), indigo and tannins. Complex mixtures of dyes were present in most samples, as a result of both the ikat making process itself and traditional dyeing practices. Synthetic dyes were identified in 9 of the textiles. Samples were re-analyzed using HPLC–DAD coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC–DAD-MS). Malachite green (basic green 4, C.I. 42000), fuchsine (basic violet 14, C.I. 42510), rhodamine B (basic violet 10, C.I. 45170) and methyl violet (basic violet 1, C.I. 42535) were identified, and a few other tentatively identified synthetic dyes (probably orange I, II and IV, rhodamine 6G, patent blue V and alizarin yellow GG) were detected. As the first synthesis of early synthetic dyes is well documented, their presence was used to refine the dating of these textiles. The contextualization of the results also appeared to support the stylistic assumption that more intricate and colorful designs with a higher level of complexity are dated earlier than simpler, larger and more graphic ones. The overall information acquired reveals a dynamic scenario and an interesting window into the dyers’ experiments and adjustments to the economic and technological changes of the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville (Fabaceae) proanthocyanidins quantitation by RP-HPLC

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Márcio do Nascimento ◽  
Priscila Tavares Guedes ◽  
Rachel Oliveira Castilho ◽  
Cristina Duarte Vianna-Soares
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Antiseptic Agent

Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville (barbatimão) is a tree belonging to the Fabaceae family, and it is commonly found in the southeastern Brazilian cerrado. The stem bark of this tree is traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agent to treat leucorrhea and diarrhea, as well as to promote wound healing (owing to the presence of proanthocyanidins). Proanthocyanidins were obtained from the ethanolic extract of S. adstringens stem bark and assessed by reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet/diode array detector. The identified compounds included gallic acid, catechin, gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The selected markers, GC and EGCG, were simultaneously used for chromatographic validation (linearity range: 30-330 ng, equivalent to 3-33 µg/mL; r>0.998). The method showed precision (intra-day relative standard deviation [RSD]: 1.72% for GC; 1.16% for EGCG; inter-day RSD: 1.74%-2.60% for both markers), accuracy, robustness, and selectivity. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.29 µg/ml and 0.89 µg/ml for GC, and 0.88 µg/mL and 2.67 µg/mL for EGCG, respectively. In addition, S. obovatum was evaluated and showed an average of 12.2 µg/mL for GC (equivalent to 1.22% w/w) and 14.2 µg/mL for EGCG (equivalent to 1.42% w/w) in the ethanolic extract. The quantitative results were compared to those obtained for S. adstringens, which showed that the markers are present in both species.

scholarly journals Plasma Metabolomics Signature of Gout and Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyu Zhang ◽  
Lijie Zhang ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Zongwei Wang ◽  
Caiyan Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Pipecolic Acid ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthogonal Signal Correction ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Gout is a metabolic disease and is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis affecting men. However, the pathogenesis of gout is still uncertain, and novel biomarkers are needed for early prediction and diagnosis of gout. To reveal the metabolic alterations in plasma of gout patients and hyperuricemia patients and discover novel molecular biomarkers for early diagnosis. Metabonomics was employed to screen and identify novel biomarkers of gout based on human plasma. High performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and orthogonal signal correction partial least squares discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) were also used for metabonomics study.Results: 80 and 62 features were selected as remarkable significant variables in the two modes between gout and control group, 90 and 50 features between hyperuricemia (HUA) and control group, 63 and 60 features between gout and HUA group, respectively. 25 potential metabolic biomarkers which at least in two comparison groups were remained. Among 25 metabolites, 34% presented high area under the curve (AUC) values (AUC >0.75). Four metabolites including Lys-Ser, L-Pipecolic acid, glycine, arecoline were screened out. They were used to distinguish gout from hyperuricemia with AUC>0.75, which was greater than the AUC of uric acid.Conclusion: The differential metabolites of gout screened out were involved in amino acid metabolism, including glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism. Lys-Ser, L-pipecolic acid, glycine, arecoline were down-regulated in gout patients compared with hyperuricemia patients. The metabolomics signatures could serve as an efficient tool for early diagnosis and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of gout.

Between-lot variability in chromatographic and biochemical properties of hMG

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronte A. Stone ◽  
Patrick Quinn ◽  
Richard P. Marrs
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Phase Gradient ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Hplc Peak ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Embryo Replacement ◽  
Oocyte Aspiration ◽  
Rapid Characterization

Abstract. Ten lots of dissociated hMG were characterized by reverse-phase gradient high-performance liquid chromatography. Areas of 12 discrete peaks were directly related to dosages of hMG injected. The lots were further analysed for immunoactive-FSH (41.6-106.2 IU/ampule), immunoactive-LH (11.0-20.4 IU/ampule), bioactive-LH (2.7-17.1 IU/ampule) and bioactive-hMG (149-298 pg E2/mIU immunoactive-FSH/ml). Relationships between integrated areas of the HPLC peaks and biochemical properties of the hMG lots were analysed by stepwise multiple linear regression. Between-lot differences in immunoactive-LH and immunoactive-FSH were related to HPLC peak areas (p<0.05); differences in bioactive-LH were not. Areas of 8 peaks were related to differences in bioactive-hMG activity, facilitating close approximation of bioactive-hMG from the derived multi-linear model (p<0.001). Rapid characterization of hMG by HPLC is of relevance as recent reports have shown that ovarian responses and pregnancy outcomes of patients are related to the immunoactive and bioactive gonadotropin content of hMG preparations used to induce multiple folliculogenesis before oocyte aspiration, in vitro fertilization, and embryo replacement.

KEMPER C688

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Very High

Abstract Alloy C688 is a high-performance copper alloy with very high conductivity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming and joining. Filing Code: Cu-867. Producer or source: Gebr. Kemper GmbH + Company KG Metallwerke.

KEMPER KHP7025

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Very High

Abstract Alloy KHP 7025 (UNS C70250) is a high-performance copper alloy with very high conductivity. Uses include connector springs, tabs, contact springs, switches, relays, and leadframes. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-865. Producer or source: Gebr. Kemper GmbH + Company KG Metallwerke.

Use of activated carbon to remove undesirable residual amylase from refinery streams

2017 ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Eggleston ◽  
Isabel Lima ◽  
Emmanuel Sarir ◽  
Jack Thompson ◽  
John Zatlokovicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
End User ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Very High

In recent years, there has been increased world-wide concern over residual (carry-over) activity of mostly high temperature (HT) and very high temperature (VHT) stable amylases in white, refined sugars from refineries to various food and end-user industries. HT and VHT stable amylases were developed for much larger markets than the sugar industry with harsher processing conditions. There is an urgent need in the sugar industry to be able to remove or inactivate residual, active amylases either in factory or refinery streams or both. A survey of refineries that used amylase and had activated carbon systems for decolorizing, revealed they did not have any customer complaints for residual amylase. The use of high performance activated carbons to remove residual amylase activity was investigated using a Phadebas® method created for the sugar industry to measure residual amylase in syrups. Ability to remove residual amylase protein was dependent on the surface area of the powdered activated carbons as well as mixing (retention) time. The activated carbon also had the additional benefit of removing color and insoluble starch.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Components in Jingzhiguanxin Tablet by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Lianhao Fu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Shaozhi Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Quality Control Analysis

Background: Jingzhiguanxin (JZGX) tablet, a traditional Chinese prescription, is commonly used for treating coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in the clinic. There are six active components (Danshensu (DSS), Protocatechuic aldehyde (PD), Paeoniflorin (PF), Ferulic acid (FA), Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and Tanshinone IIA (TA)) in JZGX tablet. </P><P> Objective: In this paper, a simple and reliable method was used for simultaneous determining the six active components by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Methods: These six active components were separated on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mmx4.6 mm, 5 µm) at 30 °C. Acetonitrile (A), methanol (B) and 0.5% H3PO4 aqueous solution (C) were used as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the detection wavelengths were set at 280 nm for DSS, PD and Sal B, 230 nm for PF, 320 nm for FA and 270 nm for TA, respectively. Results: All of the six components showed good linearity regressions (r2≥0.9997) in the detected concentration range. The recovery rates and coefficient of variation (CV) for all analytes were 98.66%- 100.18% and 0.75%-1.89%, respectively. This method was successfully applied to simultaneously determine the six components in JZGX tablet from different batches and manufacturers. Conclusion: The validated method can be used in routine quality control analysis of JZGX tablet without any interference.

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