scholarly journals Influence of Phosphite Supply in the MS Medium on Root Morphological Characteristics, Fresh Biomass and Enzymatic Behavior in Five Genotypes of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Richard Dormatey ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Kazim Ali ◽  
Tianyuan Qin ◽  
Derong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Ms Medium

Crop production is threatened by low phosphorus (P) availability and weed interference. Obtaining plant genotypes that can utilize Phosphite (Phi) as fertilizer can supplement phosphates (Pi) while providing an environmentally friendly means of weed control. The study was conducted to determine the tolerance and enzymatic behavior of five potato genotypes to PO3. Explants were regenerated in vitro from two nodal cuttings and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium under controlled conditions for 30 days. Matured plantlets were subcultured for 20 days in MS medium containing (0.25, 0.5 mM) Phi and Pi and No-P (-Phi + -Pi). The results showed significant genotypic variation in tolerance indices among the five genotypes. Atlantic showed greater tolerance to Phi, with highest total root length (50.84%), root projected area (75.09%), root surface area (68.94%), root volume (33.49%) and number of root forks (75.66%). Phi induced an increasing trend in the levels of hydrogen peroxide in the genotypes with the least effect in Atlantic. The comprehensive evaluation analysis confirmed the tolerance of Atlantic genotype with this ranking; Atlantic, Longshu3, Qingshu9, Longshu6 and Gannong2. Antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content also increased significantly under Phi and No-P treatments. The results suggested that potato genotypes with larger root systems may be more tolerant to Phi than genotypes with smaller root systems.

scholarly journals The after-effect of paclobutrazol on morphological characteristics of in vitro Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jevcsák ◽  
M. Ördögh ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Narcissus Poeticus ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

After different pre-culturing period (12, 23 or 34 days) on ½ MS medium with 1 mg l-1 paclobutrazol, 1 mg l-1 N6-benzyladenine and 0.1 mg l-1 1- naphthaleneacetic acid , 3 groups of Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus bulb scales were kept on the same medium without hormones. The results were evaluated monthly and the final one happened after 7 month. The best results were achieved due to the shortest pre-culturing period (12 days;  Group 1), with 4.9 bulblets and 4.54% hyperhydricity. The result of the second treatment (pre-culturing period of 23 days; Group 2) was not different significantly but the number of bigger bulblet were higher (4.54 bulblets). After the longest pre-culturing period (34 days; Group 3), the number of bulblets was low (3.68) and more hyperhydricity (18.18%) was detected. The highest number of roots (13.91) was observed in this groupvery likely due to the strong after-effect of paclobutrazol.

scholarly journals In Vitro Long-Term Cultures of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Javier Regalado González ◽  
Manuel López Granero ◽  
Carlos Lopez Encina
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Average Multiplication ◽  
Half Strength

Abstract We present the data on proliferation corresponding to 10 years of continuous incubation in vitro of papaya shoots, and propose a reliable method for long-term micropropagation for papaya, using two types of explants: Microshoots from somatic embryos, and from axillary buds of papaya. Three different media were assayed. The proliferation medium (PPRM) allowed to maintain papaya shoots under continuous proliferation during 20 years, maintaining a consistent behaviour. Most of the shoots developed in PPRM rooted during the incubation, and after acclimated easily, maintaining the morphological characteristics of the parental plants, flowering and setting fruits normally. The PPRM medium consist in MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg l-1), BA (0.5 mg l-1), GA3 (0.5 mg l-1) and Adenine sulphate (40 mg l-1). The average multiplication rate was higher than 20 shoots per explant along the long-term assay. The elongation medium (PELM), was designed to recover shoots with a poor growth, and allowed the development of high quality shoots ready for rooting, and consist in a MS basal medium supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg l-1), Kin (0.5 mg l-1) and GA3 (1 mg l-1). The rooting medium (PROM) was designed to induce high quality roots from non-rooted shoots and consist in a half strength MS medium plus IBA (1mg l-1). On PROM, agar can be exchanged for expanded vermiculite. Acclimation took place inside an acclimatization tunnel under progressive hydric stress. After 4 weeks, the plant recovery rate was 90% for plants maintained under continuous proliferation during ten years.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in the Micropropagation of Sri Lankan Exacum Hybrids

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Riseman ◽  
Siva Chennareddy
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
High Level ◽  
E 32

Protocols for in vitro propagation are reported for interspecific hybrids of Exacum L., derived from Sri Lankan taxa. Four genotypes were used to evaluate the effects of MS (Murashige and Skoog) and WP (Woody Plant) media supplemented with 2-iP, BA, or KIN during establishment and multiplication phases. In addition, rhizogenesis and associated root characteristics were evaluated using MS medium supplemented with NAA or IBA. Overall, either 2-iP or BA was significantly more effective than kinetin in establishment and shoot proliferation with significant genotype × treatment interactions present. Maximum multiplication rates were achieved in the following genotype-hormone combinations: E-6, 2 mg·L-1 BA (4.5 per explant); E-23, E-32, and E-37, 2 mg·L-1 2-iP (3.5, 2.5, and 3.6 per explant, respectively). In vitro rhizogenesis was greatest in liquid MS medium supplemented with 1 mg·L-1 NAA while significantly reduced rooting was observed with IBA supplements. Our results demonstrate that micropropagation of Sri Lankan Exacum hybrids is possible and that adequate multiplication and rooting percentages can be achieved. However, the high level of genetic variation identified requires genotype-specific media modifications. Chemical names used: benzyladenine (BA); 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); kinetin (KIN).

scholarly journals Improved Micropropagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eman F.A.bu El-Liel ◽  
Abeer A. Mahmoud ◽  
Azza M. Salama ◽  
El-Mewafy A.E. El-Ghadban ◽  
Mohamed K. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
New Crop ◽  
Number Of Branches

There is a great interest on the strategical plan in Egypt for the cultivation of a new crop used as source of natural sweeteners Stevia rebaudiana (Spanti) and (China-1) var. Stem nodal segments containing axillary buds were used as an explant and inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0.8% (w/v) agar supplemented with various concentrations of flurprimidol (flur.), paclobutrazol (PBZ) and thidiazuron (TDZ). In Spanti var. maximum number of branches (6.52) and (6.4) were obtained in MS medium supplemented with 0.12 mg/l flur. and 0.2 mg/l TDZ, respectively with an average of 56.4 and 36.67 leaves per plantlet, having an average shoot length of 6.40 and 6.52 cm, respectively. The best in vitro root induction (100%) was achieved on MS medium with 0.16 mg/l flur. with an average of 10.00 roots per plantlet and root length of 4.82 cm (Spanti var.). Furthermore, in China-1 var. (MS) medium supplemented with 0.16mg/l flur. induced the best morphological characteristics. The rooted plantlets from explant planted on (MS) medium supplemented with 0.16 mg/l flur. were successfully established in soil and grown to maturity at the survival rate of 100% in the greenhouse in (Spanti) and (China-1) var. As a result of anatomy, all studied growth regulators significantly enhanced the anatomical characters of stevia varieties leaf and stem.flur.at 0.16 mg\l surpassed, for instance, midvein and lamina thickness, length and width of leaf vascular bundle as well as stem diameter, xylem and phloem thickness. Our data revealed that the numbers of protein bands in most of treatments are bigger than which in the control.

scholarly journals Selection and regeneration of purple sweet potato calli against drought stress simulated by polyethylene glycol

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Widi Sunaryo ◽  
Darnaningsih Darnaningsih ◽  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

Background: Water shortage due to natural and/or technical drought stress, widespread throughout Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi and Kalimantan islands, significantly reduces crop production. The development of varieties tolerant to drought stress is important since it is more effective rather than improving irrigation infrastructure to increase the sweet potato productivity. Methods: Selection and regeneration experiments assessing purple sweet potato callus tolerance of drought stress, simulated by polyethylene glycol (PEG), were conducted to generate new variant plants tolerant of drought stress. Sterile explants (leaf and petiole) generated from previous in vitro culture were inoculated to the Murishage and Skoog (MS) medium containing plant growth regulator combination as treatments to induce calli. The calli were then transferred to half-MS medium containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% PEG as selection agent for drought tolerance. The surviving calli were regenerated in the MS medium containing 0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The callus formation, growth and survivability during in vitro culture were measured. Results: Calli were successfully formed in almost all media containing 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D ) with the concentration of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg l-1 and BAP (concentration: 0.5 and 1 mg l-1), but the medium of MS + 2 mg l-1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg l-1 BAP resulted in the highest number of induced calli per treatment (mean=11.36), with the percentage of responsive explants standing at around 96%. The higher the concentration of PEG, the lower the number of surviving calli. At 20% PEG, only 54.42% calli survived. There were five plants successfully regenerated from the survived calli at 20% PEG, using MS medium containing 1.5 mg l-1 BAP. Conclusions: The experiment has successfully produced putative drought-tolerant plants by callus screening using PEG as drought-tolerance-selecting agent in purple sweet potato.

scholarly journals Clonal fidelity of chrysanthemum regenerated from long term cultures

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sladjana Jevremovic ◽  
Milana Trifunovic ◽  
Marija Nikolic ◽  
Angelina Subotic ◽  
Ljiljana Radojevic
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
One Year

Morphological characteristics of flowers of long term regenerated chrysanthemum, cv. "White Spider", after ten years of micropropagation are investigated. Shoot cultures are established and maintained more than ten years by stem segment culture on MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA (1.0, 0.1 mgL-1, respectively). Rooting of shoots (100 %) has done on MS medium without hormones and it was very successful after ten years, as well as, after two or eight years of micropropagation. Acclimation of rooted chrysanthemum plantlets at greenhouse conditions was excellent and after appropriate photoperiod "in vitro" plants flowered 90.3 % and have the same flower color, shape and size as mother plants. Flower color changes of "in vitro" plants are observed during another flowering cycle one year after acclimatization. Observed variations of chrysanthemum flowers could be attributed to epigenetic factors.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Cephalotus follicularis

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yun Ko ◽  
Tsai-Yun Lin ◽  
Chin-Wen Ho ◽  
Jei-Fu Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

To establish a mass micropropagation procedure for Cephalotus follicularis, the effects of varying the strengths of solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were investigated using subcultured shoot explants. After a 60-day primary culture from root mass, the regenerated shoot explants were subcultured every 60 days in solid MS medium. To facilitate shoot proliferation, liquid MS medium was applied with or without exogenous auxin and cytokinin. Our results demonstrate that shoot proliferation and survival of C. follicularis is most effective in modified MS (MMS) medium containing one-fifth or one-tenth strength macronutrients and full-strength micronutrients. Successful shoot proliferation and development of C. follicularis explants were obtained in one-fifth or one-tenth modified liquid MS medium without auxin and cytokinin or with addition of 5 μM indole 3-acetic acid/1 μM N6-benzyladenine for 45 days. The liquid medium consistently produced more explants than the solid medium and shortened the culturing time. Plantlets cultured in hormone-free one-fifth MMS medium developed greater root systems. Using the liquid culture we established, vigorous plants with extensive roots were obtained within 4 months. Plant survival in the greenhouse reached 100%.

scholarly journals Differential effects of synthetic media on long-term growth, starch accumulation and transcription of ADP-glucosepyrophosphorylase subunit genes in Landoltia punctata

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chokchai Kittiwongwattana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Synthetic Media

Abstract Murashige & Skoog (MS) and Hoagland’s media were previously used for in vitro culture of Landoltia punctata. During subsequent ex vitro culture, the use of MS medium resulted in a higher growth rate, compared to Hoagland’s medium. Thus, a higher starch content of L. punctata in MS medium was previously hypothesized. Here, L. punctata strain 5632 was isolated and characterized using morphological characteristics and the atpF-atpH intergenic region. During early cultivation stage, fresh weight and relative growth rate in MS medium were lower than Hoagland’s medium. Conversely, starch content in MS medium was considerably higher than in Hoagland’s medium. Medium effects on expression of genes coding for starch-biosynthesis ADP-glucosepyrophosphorylase (AGPase) were determined. Genomic fragments of small (LeAPS) and large (LeAPL1) AGPase subunits were characterized. Differential expression between each AGPase subunit genes was observed in both media. Additionally, in MS medium, the highest correlation coefficients between starch content and gene expression was found with LeAPS (0.81) and followed by LeAPL3 (0.67), LeAPL2 (0.65) and LeAPL1 (0.28). In Hoagland’s medium, the coefficients of LeAPL3 (0.83) and LeAPL2 (0.62) were higher than LeAPS (0.18) and LeAPL1 (−0.62). This suggested different levels of contributions of these genes in starch biosynthesis in both media.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Micropropagation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Gudiene and Belete Varieties from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sunil Tulshiram Hajare ◽  
Nitin Mahendra Chauhan ◽  
Girum Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Initiation ◽  
Lateral Bud

Aim. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the important crops in Ethiopia which has a crucial role in nutritional security, poverty alleviation, and income generation. The aim of the present investigation is to develop an efficient in vitro propagation protocol for Belete and Gudiene potato varieties by using lateral bud as explants. Materials and Methods. Shoot initiation was achieved by inoculating buds on full-strength MS Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) fortified with variable concentrations of BAP and NAA. Basal MS was used as control throughout the experiment. Results. Results of our study showed that best shoot initiation was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 3.0 mg/l NAA for Gudiene variety, whereas 1.0 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l NAA produced more shoots in Belete variety. The initiated shoots increased two- to three-fold upon subculture on the MS medium fortified with varying concentrations of BAP and Kinetin. The highest numbers of multiple shoots were obtained in the MS medium containing 2.5 mg/l Kinetin. The combined effect of BAP and Kinetin did not produce any additional positive effect for shoot multiplication. Rooting percentage and number of roots/shoot were found best on the MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l IBA + 0.5 IAA. Conclusions. The variety Gudiene was found best for shoot initiation and root formation, while Belete variety proved its superiority for multiple shoot formation. A total number of 82.66% of plantlets were acclimatized under field conditions. This work indicates the practical applicability of plant tissue culture using lateral bud as explants is effective for micropropagation of potato in vitro.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND ZEATIN RIBOSIDE ON SHOOT INDUCTION FROM SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. LEAF DISKS CULTURED IN VITRO AND VARIATION OF THE REGENERATED PLANTS.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 695d-695
Author(s):  
Y.D. Park ◽  
A.A. Boe ◽  
M.K. Ehlenfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Leaf Disks

Leaf disks of potato cv. Kennebec and ND 860-2 (North Dakota potato breeding clone) were cultured on Murashige Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6 levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) and 7 levels of zeatin riboside (ZR). Shoots were induced at various combinations of hormone levels. The medium containing 3.5 mg/l IAA and 4.0 mg/l ZR produced the most shoots. Rooted plantlets were grown in the greenhouse. The growth of regenerated plants obtained from the MS medium supplemented with 7.0 mg/l IAA and 3.0 mg/l ZR was significantly greater than those grown from nodal explants. In ND 8602, a leaf chimera with chlorophyll deficient (light yellow) sectors was found in plants regenerated from leaf disks (grown on MS medium supplemented with 3.5 mg/l IAA and 3.0 mg/l ZR) but not in plants grown from nodal explants. Phenotypic variability was also observed for tuber number, size and weight.

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