scholarly journals Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Yield and Photophysiological Responses of Cherry Tomatoes during the Rainy Season

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Hyo Gil Choi
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Ojip Transient ◽  
Nanoparticle Suspension

The rainy season occurs mainly from June to July in Korea, and this season causes insufficient ambient light intensity for the growth of cherry tomato in a greenhouse. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), as a photocatalyst, is known to affect photosynthesis in plants. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of TiO2 foliar spray application on the yield and photophysiological responses of cherry tomato under low ambient light intensity during the rainy season in a greenhouse. Cherry tomato plants were treated with 100 mg·L−1 TiO2 (T1) or 200 mg·L−1 TiO2 (T2) nanoparticle suspension on 26 June. The control group was not treated with TiO2. In the O–J phase of the OJIP transient under a cloudy day (2 July), the slope in the control and T1 groups rose more sharply than that in the T2 group. Conversely, on a clear day (10 July), the J–I phase of the T2 group sharply increased compared to that of the control and T1 groups. On a cloudy day with low ambient light intensity, the rate of electron transport flux from QA to QB per photosystem II reaction center (ET0/RC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation of TiO2-treated plants were increased compared to those of the control. However, on a clear day of high light intensity, the ET0/RC and CO2 fixation of the T2 group were lower than those of the control and Tl groups. The yield of fruit was increased in the T1 group over that in other treatments. TiO2 treatment reduced the size of the fruit and delayed the ripening time, but greatly increased the fruit hardness. These results suggest that setting the concentration and supply amount of TiO2 nanoparticles suitable for various environmental conditions should be prioritized in order to improve the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles in tomato cultivation.

P–188 Ambient light intensity and wavelength in the IVF laboratory does not affect life birth rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Farrera. Ayestaran ◽  
V Montalvo ◽  
J Masso ◽  
A Garcia-Faura ◽  
B Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Ambient Illumination ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Ambient Lighting

Abstract Study question Do different wavelengths and intensities in ambient lighting affect clinical outcomes? Summary answer Variations on ambient lighting intensity and wavelength do not affect life birth rates. What is known already Light is one of the factors to consider when designing an IVF laboratory. Most IVF clinics work under reduced illumination, trying to mimic uterine conditions as much as possible. Nevertheless, it has been described that 95% of the light that affects an embryo comes from the microscope, not ambient lighting. It is well accepted that exposure to extreme lighting conditions affects embryos through photo-oxidation and the creation of reactive oxygen species. Still, there is no study that documents the effect of different wavelengths on human embryos. Study design, size, duration Prospective study performed between january 2019 and february 2020. Every 60 days we changed ambient illumination conditions using the LED lighting installed throughout the IVF laboratory. Six different groups were created: Cyan (470nm), Green (550nm), Yellow (600nm), Orange (625nm), intense white (WH), and low intensity white (WL) as control group. Participants/materials, setting, methods A total of 572 egg donation cicles with 355 fresh single embryo transfers were included in the study. In all cycles ICSI and Time-lapse culture was performed (Embryoscope, Vitrolife). PGT and testicular biopsy/aspiration treatments were excluded. Eggs and embryos were exposed to ambient illumination during pick-up, denudation, ICSI, and embryo transfer procedures. Main results and the role of chance Light exposure during embryo/gamete manipulation is inevitable. Hence, we analyzed parameters linked to the success of an IVF cycle to assess the effect of different lighting conditions concluding that neither light color nor intensity affect IVF success rates. No differences were found between groups regarding maternal age, age of the recipient, diagnostic, or number of eggs received (p > 0.05). Fertilization rates were similar between groups (C = 77.04%; G = 73.72%; Y = 75.64%; O = 78.1%; WL = 76.4%; WH = 75.2%; p = 0.216) as well as good quality blastocyst rates (C = 57.35%; G = 57.37%; Y = 62.30%; O = 59.75%; WL = 63.28%; WH = 60.55%; p = 0.234). Regarding clinical outcomes both implantation and miscarriage rates were found to be equal between groups (C = 61.67%; G = 52.89%; Y = 55.10%; O = 66.18%; WL = 66.00%; WH = 53.55%; p = 0.194, and C = 24.32%; G = 19.15%; Y = 11.11%; O = 24.44%; WL = 15.15%; WH = 8.11%; p = 0.301). The main outcome for this study was live birth rates and no differences were found (C = 51.85%; G = 50.00%; Y = 52.17%; O = 53.97%; WL = 57.14%; WH = 50.75%; p = 0.168). Limitations, reasons for caution We must take into account that embryos were cultured inside a time-lapse incubator, diminishing the effect of ambient light. Wider implications of the findings: This study demonstrates that, with advances in culture technology, neither light intensity nor light wavelength affecting gametes/embryos during manipulation influence clinical outcomes. Trial registration number Not applicable

scholarly journals Response of Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Castanopsis kawakamii Seedlings to Forest Gaps

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Zhong-sheng He ◽  
Rong Tang ◽  
Meng-jia Li ◽  
Meng-ran Jin ◽  
Cong Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Forest Gaps ◽  
Low Light Intensity ◽  
Weak Light

Light is a major environmental factor limiting the growth and survival of plants. The heterogeneity of the light environment after gap formation in forest influences the leaf chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and chlorophyll fluorescence, thus influencing the growth and regeneration of Castanopsis kawakamii seedlings. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of weak light on the photosynthetic physiology of C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps and non-gaps. The results showed that (1) the contents of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (Chl-T) in forest gaps were lower than in non-gaps. Seedlings tended to increase chlorophyll content to absorb light energy to adapt to low light intensity in non-gap environments. (2) The Pn values of C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps were significantly higher than in non-gaps, and forest gaps could improve the seedlings’ photosynthetic capacity. (3) The C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps were more sensitive to weak light and control group treatment, especially the tall seedlings, indicating that seedlings require more light to satisfy their growth needs in the winter. The seedlings in non-gaps demonstrated better adaptability to low light intensity. The light intensity was not adequate in weak light conditions and limited seedling growth. We suggest that partial forest selection cutting could improve light intensity in non-gaps, thus promoting seedling growth and regeneration of C. kawakamii more effectively in this forest.

Ambient light intensity and direction determine relative attractiveness of yellow traps toRhagoletis indifferens(Diptera: Tephritidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.L. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Variable Light ◽  
Sunlight Intensity ◽  
Trap Placement ◽  
Tephritid Fruit Flies

AbstractUnderstanding factors that influence attraction of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) to objects can lead to development of more sensitive traps for fly detection. Here, the objective was to determine if differences in attractiveness between two sticky yellow rectangle traps to western cherry fruit fly,Rhagoletis indifferensCurran, depend on ambient light intensity and direction. The translucent plastic Yellow Sticky Strip (YSS) was compared with the less translucent yellow cardboard Alpha Scents (AS). Flies were released inside a box or cage opposite a trap or traps illuminated from outside at different intensities to generate variable light passage. Regardless of type, the trap with greatest light passage was most attractive. When the same light intensity was shone on both traps, the YSS, which allowed greater light passage, was more attractive than the AS. When the light was inside a cage and shone onto the two traps in the same direction as approaching flies, the AS reflected more light and was more attractive. A field experiment generally supported light passage effects seen in the laboratory. Results suggest trap placement with respect to sunlight intensity and direction affects light passage and the attractiveness of yellow traps toR. indifferens.

scholarly journals Phaeodactylum Trıcornutum Kültürlerinde Biyomas Tahmini

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Burcu Ak ◽  
Gökhan Tamer Kayaalp ◽  
Oya Işık ◽  
Melis Çelik Güney
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Phaeodactylum tricornutum is the microalgae that is known to produce lipid. In this study, it was aimed to estimate the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum dry matter cultured in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency as a stress factor, in outdoor, in photo bioreactors, by using multiple regression analysis method. In this study, diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin) was cultured medium of which N was reduced by 50% and with 20% inoculation ratio. The light intensity, temperature, optical density and chlorophyll a, were measured daily. The mathematical model was formed for control group and 50 % of the N applied to the group using optical density, temperature, light intensity, chlorophyll a and without chlorophyll a. The regression equation of control group was estimated. The R2 value of control group was found 95.1% and statistically significant. Then, the regression equation was estimated for control group without chlorophyll a. The R2 value of this equation was found 94.0% and statistically significant. And then, the regression equation was estimated in 50% nitrogen. The R2 value of control group was found 92.4% and statistically significant. Finally, the regression equation was estimated in 50% nitrogen deficiency without chlorophyll a. The R2 value of this equation was found 91.7% and statistically significant.

scholarly journals Optimizing rearing and welfare in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalesensis) broodstock: Effect of ambient light intensity and handling time on stress response

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 104880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Figueiredo ◽  
Cláudia Aragão ◽  
Wilson Pinto ◽  
Maria Teresa Dinis ◽  
Catarina C.V. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Senegalese Sole ◽  
Ambient Light

scholarly journals Rotavirus associated diarrhoea during infancy in the city of S. Luís (MA), Brazil: a two-year longitudinal study

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Eberhard Stewien ◽  
Luís C.F. da Cunha ◽  
Aymoré de C. Alvim ◽  
Stelito A. dos Reis Filho ◽  
Maria A.B. Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
The City

A total of 479 diarrhoeic children and 337 children without diarrhoea (controls) less than 5 years old were investigated in a two-year study in the city of S. Luís (MA), with the purpose to determine the incidence, the age distribution and the seasonality of rotaviruses, as well as to establish the severity of the disease in this region between the North and the Northeast of Brazil. rotavirus incidence was highest in children of the 1st. year of life, showing an average of 25% per year among the diarrhoeic patients attending the two main hospitals and three health units at the periphery of the city. It was shown that rotaviruses are significant enteropathogens in children less than 18 months old. Frequency of rotaviruses droped in diarrhoeic patients 18 to 23 months old to only 4%, the same percentage observed in children of the control group. A typical seasonal distribution of rotaviruses was not seen during the two years of study. There was a peak in the incidence of rotaviruses in 1986, during the rainy season, and two peaks in 1987, one in the rainy season and one in the dry season. It was also shown that severity of diarrhoea in rotavirus positive cases was higher than in the negative cases. Rotavirus diarrhoeic patients had more loose stools per day, and higher frequencies of vomiting and fever, resulting more often (> 2 times) in moderate or severe dehydration. Finally, it is concluded that the introduction of immunoprophylaxis may reduce significantly the high mortality rates in early childhood observed in S. Luís.

The effects of handling time, ambient light, and anaesthetic method, on the standardized measurement of fish colouration

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Gray ◽  
Francine L. Hart ◽  
Maude E.M. Tremblay ◽  
Thomas J. Lisney ◽  
Craig W. Hawryshyn
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Standardized Measurement ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
Reflectance Data

The effects of handling time, ambient light intensity, and anaesthetic method, on the collection of spectral reflectance data were assessed in two species of Malawi cichlids ( Melanochromis auratus and Metriaclima zebra ). Using spectrometry, colour patches were measured over 10 min, under increasing ambient light levels, and using three anaesthetic methods. As time elapsed, maximum percent reflectance (Rmax) decreased across all anaesthetic methods and species, suggesting that measurements should be taken immediately after capture and anaesthetization. With increasing light intensity, Rmax increased significantly, suggesting that measurements should be taken under natural ambient conditions when possible. Finally, we found that anaesthetizing fish using an ice bath produced significantly higher Rmax than using either MS-222 (tricaine methanesulphonate) or clove oil (eugenol). However, the highest proportion of ultraviolet (UV) colouration was recorded while fish were anaesthetized with clove oil. Our results highlight the variation involved in measuring fish colour patterns using two related species, and thus indicate the need for a standardized approach to collecting spectral reflectance data in fish.

Responsiveness of the Visual System in Childhood Migraine Studied by Means of VEPs

Cephalalgia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brinciotti ◽  
Vincenzo Guidetti ◽  
Maria Matricardi ◽  
Flavia Cortesi
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Visual Evoked Potential ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Childhood Migraine ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Flash Stimulation ◽  
Visual Evoked

We have tried to ascertain whether the increased visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitude found in adult migraineurs is present also in children with migraine. We investigated 43 children, 26 male and 17 female, with a mean age of 11.4 years, 24 with common and 19 with classic migraine, and compared them with a control group of 20 children, 11 male and 9 female, with a mean age of 9.7 years. Flash and pattern reversal VEPs were recorded in both groups, and the study was carried out in the pain-free interval between attacks. The children with migraine showed a significant ( p < 0.01) increase in VEP amplitude on flash stimulation but not on pattern reversal. There were no differences between classic and common migraine. The abnormal responsiveness of the visual system seems to be related to variations in light intensity rather than to spatial contrasts.

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