scholarly journals A Hydraulic Analysis of Shock Wave Generation Mechanism on Flat Spillway Chutes through Physical Modeling

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kaleem Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq ◽  
Rashid Farooq ◽  
Hafiz Kamran Jaleel Abbasi ◽  
Faraz Ul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Generation Mechanism ◽  
Hydraulic Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Tail Part ◽  
Shock Wave Generation ◽  
Study Results

Shock waves are generated downstream of spillways during flood operations, which have adverse effects on spillway operations. This paper presents the physical model study of shock waves at the Mohmand Dam Spillway project, Pakistan. In this study, hydraulic analysis of shock waves was carried out to investigate its generation mechanism. Different experiments were performed to analyze the rooster tail on a flat spillway chute and to examine the factors affecting the characteristics of the rooster tail. The study results show that shock wave height is influenced by spillway chute slope, pier shape, and flow depth. Moreover, the height of the shock wave can be minimized by installing a semi-elliptical pier on the tail part of the main pier. Further modifications in the geometry of the extended tail part of the pier are recommended for the elimination of the shock wave. Based on observed data collected from the model study, an empirical equation was developed to estimate the shock wave height generated on the flat slope spillway chutes (5° to 10°).

Spray overtopping rates for Tarsiut Island: model and field study results

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Muzik ◽  
A. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intensity Wave ◽  
Height Model

This paper describes a 1:30 three-dimensional Froude scaled model study undertaken to determine the spray overtopping volumes that would result from storms on Tarsiut Island. During the open water season of 1982, spray overtopping data were collected on Tarsiut Island and then compared with the model study results. The Tarsiut field data when compared with the model data were lower by a factor of 3. Some possible reasons for this are scaling errors, physical differences between the model and the prototype, and the model wind speed. The model wind speed used was roughly 3.75 times the Froude scaled wind speed and the literature suggests that a wind speed of twice the Froude scaled wind speed would produce overtopping volumes closer to the field data. The spray overtopping rates landward from the caisson face reduced in an exponential manner, which was substantiated by the literature. Spray overtopping for both the model study and Tarsiut Island was initiated at approximately the same significant wave height. Key words: spray intensity, wave height, model study, field program, artificial island, wind speed.

The relationships between the factors affecting perceived service quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions among theme park visitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlke Başarangil
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Theme Park ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Perceived Service Quality ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The One ◽  
Experiential Quality

Theme parks have many contributions to their destination, local and regional economies, tourism, etc. If they meet the changing demands of theme park visitors, more satisfied and revisiting visitors are acquired. This study attempted to determine the dimensions that influence theme park visitors’ perceived service quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. In this context, this study aims to analyze the dimensions of servicescape and experiential quality and determine the influence of these dimensions on visitors’ service quality perception, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. The data of this study were collected through a questionnaire applied to 301 visitors of a theme park operating in the city of Istanbul. Descriptive statistics and the factor analysis were used for analyzing the data obtained, and path analysis was utilized for testing of the theoretical model. Study results revealed that “communicative staging” was the variable which best represented the dimension of servicescape, while “surprise” was the variable which best represented the dimension of Experiential Quality. There is also a significant relationship between the dimensions of “servicescape” and “experiential quality”, on the one hand, and “perceived service quality”, on the other. Finally, a significant relationship was found among “perceived service quality”, “satisfaction” and “behavioral intentions”. In general, this study contributes to the managers of the tourism and leisure industries.

Prospects for Development of Shock Wave Therapy

2008 ◽  
pp. 1125-1129
Author(s):  
B. A. Garilevich ◽  
Y. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
Y. V. Olefir ◽  
Y. V. Andrianov ◽  
A. E. Rotov
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Wave Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
The Given

Nowadays the world medical practice widely uses the method of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for treatment of patients with urolithiasis bay means of pulverizing action of focused shock waves (FSW). In the early 1980s in Germany, the Dornier Medical Systems Company fabricated the first lithotriptor based on the electrohydraulic principle of shock wave generation. By 1988, practically all countries had applied lithotriptors developed by Dornier Medical Systems. Later, more than 15 countries started to fabricate their own lithotriptors, which use various methods of FSW generation, such as electrohydraulic, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric. These countries were Germany, USA, Russia, China, Italy, France, Israel, Turkey, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Sweden, and so forth. However, the given method of the physical effects can be used not only for the extracorporeal fragmentation of calculi. The biological effects of shock waves presume a perspective of their use for treatment and aftertreatment of the patients with other disorders and pathological conditions using their stimulatory and inhibitory actions.

Experimental Verification of the Softening of the Pork Using Underwater Shock Waves Generated by Wire Electrical Discharges

2018 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Shimojima ◽  
Osamu Higa ◽  
Yoshikazu Higa ◽  
Ayumi Takemoto ◽  
Hirofumi Iyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharges ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Shock Wave Generation ◽  
Underwater Shock ◽  
Institute Of Technology

The National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College (OkNCT) has developed a food processing machine that generates underwater shock waves through wire electrical discharge. The machine can used for sterilization, milling flour, softening, and extraction among others. In this study, we experimentally examined the conditions for food softening using pork as the food material in experiments. Softness was revealed to be related to the distance of shock wave generation point from meat and the number of shockwave processing.

scholarly journals Effect of wavy wall strut fuel injector on shock wave development and mixing enhancement of fuel and air for a scramjet combustor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obula Reddy Kummitha ◽  
K M Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Mach Number ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Shear Layer ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Wavy Wall ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Shock Wave Generation ◽  
Shear Mixing ◽  
Wave Development

Abstract The shear mixing and streamline vortices are the notable parameters to influence the air–fuel mixing in hypersonic flows. The shock wave development and Mach number significantly influence the shear mixing phenomenon. Hence, this research introduced an unconventional strut and tested its performance for the generation of shock waves at different flow conditions (M = 2,4,6). The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations are solved to evaluate the performance of the new strut. Both the DLR scramjet strut injector and wavy wall strut injector are assessed for the shear mixing development. Turbulence for the association of shock waves, mixing layer, and the boundary layer has been modeled with the SST k-ω model. The variation in shock development and its interactions are investigated further with an increase in Mach number. The scramjet flow structure differentiation found the increased number of oblique shock waves with the wavy wall strut fuel injector. It increases the turbulence level with increased streamline vortices, turbulent intensity, and turbulent kinetic energy. The shock wave generation analysis at different Mach numbers (M = 2,4,6) found fewer interactions between the shock wave and shear layer with increased Mach number. From the examination of shock wave generation and its interaction with the shear layer and analysis of turbulent parameters, it is found that the wavy wall strut has an appreciable effect on shock-induced blend augmentation of fuel and air.

Investigation of shock-wave deformation history from recovered structure

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
M.A. Mogilevsky ◽  
L.S. Bushnev
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Shock Front ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Deformation Structure ◽  
Deformation History ◽  
Deformation Velocity

Single crystals of Al were loaded by 15 to 40 GPa shock waves at 77 K with a pulse duration of 1.0 to 0.5 μs and a residual deformation of ∼1%. The analysis of deformation structure peculiarities allows the deformation history to be re-established.After a 20 to 40 GPa loading the dislocation density in the recovered samples was about 1010 cm-2. By measuring the thickness of the 40 GPa shock front in Al, a plastic deformation velocity of 1.07 x 108 s-1 is obtained, from where the moving dislocation density at the front is 7 x 1010 cm-2. A very small part of dislocations moves during the whole time of compression, i.e. a total dislocation density at the front must be in excess of this value by one or two orders. Consequently, due to extremely high stresses, at the front there exists a very unstable structure which is rearranged later with a noticeable decrease in dislocation density.

Features of spatial shock-wave flows in vapor-gas-liquid mixtures

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
R.Kh. Bolotnova ◽  
U.O. Agisheva ◽  
V.A. Buzina
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Nonstationary Processes ◽  
Two Phase

The two-phase model of vapor-gas-liquid medium in axisymmetric two-dimensional formulation, taking into account vaporization is constructed. The nonstationary processes of boiling vapor-water mixture outflow from high-pressure vessels as a result of depressurization are studied. The problems of shock waves action on filled by gas-liquid mixture volumes are solved.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Flow in Physical Models of Rock Vane and Bendway Weir Configurations

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Drew C. Baird ◽  
Benjamin Abban ◽  
S. Michael Scurlock ◽  
Steven B. Abt ◽  
Christopher I. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

While there are a wide range of design recommendations for using rock vanes and bendway weirs as streambank protection measures, no comprehensive, standard approach is currently available for design engineers to evaluate their hydraulic performance before construction. This study investigates using 2D numerical modeling as an option for predicting the hydraulic performance of rock vane and bendway weir structure designs for streambank protection. We used the Sedimentation and River Hydraulics (SRH)-2D depth-averaged numerical model to simulate flows around rock vane and bendway weir installations that were previously examined as part of a physical model study and that had water surface elevation and velocity observations. Overall, SRH-2D predicted the same general flow patterns as the physical model, but over- and underpredicted the flow velocity in some areas. These over- and underpredictions could be primarily attributed to the assumption of negligible vertical velocities. Nonetheless, the point differences between the predicted and observed velocities generally ranged from 15 to 25%, with some exceptions. The results showed that 2D numerical models could provide adequate insight into the hydraulic performance of rock vanes and bendway weirs. Accordingly, design guidance and implications of the study results are presented for design engineers.

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