scholarly journals Prevalence and Gender-Specific Influencing Factors of Hypertension among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Nanchang, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
Shiying Ruan ◽  
Shaohui Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

scholarly journals The Influence of Minority Stress on Level of Depression among Thai LGBT Adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyoth Kittiteerasack ◽  
Alana Steffen ◽  
Alicia Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Identity Concealment ◽  
Stress Coping Strategies ◽  
And Gender

In the US, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals report higher rates of depression compared with heterosexual and cisgender persons. To date, little is known about the mental health of LGBT adults in Thailand. Here, we examined rates and correlates of depression among a volunteer sample of Thai LGBTs. Data were collected as part of a larger cross-sectional survey study. Standardized measures of sexual orientation and gender identity, stress, coping style, and minority stressors were completed. Of the 411 participants, 40.3% met the criteria for depression. In multivariate analyses, the combined influences of sociodemographic factors, general stress, coping strategies, and minority-specific stress variables explained 47.2% of the variance in depression scores (F[16,367]= 20.48, p<.001). Correlates of depression included coping strategies and minority-specific stressors, including experiences of victimization, discrimination, and level of identity concealment. Study findings have implications for psychiatric nursing practice and the development of intervention research. Abstrak Di AS, individu lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) melaporkan tingkat depresi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan orang heteroseksual dan cisgender. Saat ini, sedikit yang diketahui tentang kesehatan mental pada orang dewasa dengan LGBT di Thailand. Di sini, kami meneliti tingkat dan korelasi depresi di antara sampel sukarelawan LGBT Thailand. Data dikumpulkan sebagai bagian dari studi survei cross-sectional yang lebih besar. Pengukuran terstandar terhadap orientasi seksual dan identitas gender, stres, koping, dan stresor minoritas telah selesai. Dari 411 peserta, 40,3% memenuhi kriteria untuk depresi. Dalam analisis multivariat, pengaruh gabungan faktor sosiodemografi, stres umum, strategi koping, dan variabel stres spesifik-minoritas menjelaskan 47,2% dari varians dalam skor depresi (F [16,367]= 20,48, p< 0,001). Korelasi depresi termasuk strategi koping dan stres spesifik-minoritas, termasuk pengalaman viktimisasi, diskriminasi, dan tingkat penyembunyian identitas. Temuan penelitian memiliki implikasi untuk praktik keperawatan psikiatris dan pengembangan penelitian intervensi. Kata kunci: depresi, LGBT, minoritas seksual dan gender; stres minoritas, Thailand

scholarly journals Gender-specific temporal trends in overweight prevalence among Chinese adults: a hierarchical age-period-cohort analysis from 2008 to 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinmei Yang ◽  
Mohammedhamid Osman Kelifa ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Carly Herbert ◽  
Yongbo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Overweight Prevalence ◽  
Age And Cohort Effects

Abstract Background As a key health risk, the prevalence of overweight has been strikingly increasing worldwide. This study aimed to disentangle the net age, period, and cohort effects on overweight among Chinese adults by gender. Methods Data came from the Chinese General Social Survey from 2008 to 2015, which was a repeated cross-sectional survey (n = 55,726, aged 18 and older). χ2 or t tests were used to estimate the gender disparities in overweight and socioeconomic status (SES). A series of hierarchical age-period-cohort cross-classified random-effects models were performed using SAS version 9.4 to estimate the overall and gender-specific temporal trends of overweight, as well as the association between SES and overweight. Further, a series of line charts were used to present the age and cohort variations in overweight. Results After controlling for covariates, significant age and cohort effects were observed among adults in China (b = 0.0205, p < 0.001; b = 0.0122, p < 0.05; respectively). Specifically, inverted U-shaped age effects were identified for both genders, with a high probability of overweight occurring in middle age (b = –0.0012, p < 0.001). Overweight was more prevalent among men than women before 60 years old, and this trend reversed thereafter (b = –0.0253, p < 0.001). Moreover, men born during the war (before 1950) and reform cohorts (after the 1975s) demonstrated a substantial decline in overweight, while men born in 1950–1975 showed an increasing trend in overweight prevalence (b = 0.0378, p < 0.05). However, the cohort effect on women was not statistically significant. Additionally, a higher SES was related to an elevated probability of overweight. Conclusion Gender-specific age and cohort effects on the prevalence of overweight were observed among Chinese adults. Both China and other developing countries need to pay attention to the coming obesity challenge and related health inequality. Full life-cycle overweight prevention interventions should focus on middle-aged adults, men born in the war and reform eras, and adults with a higher SES.

scholarly journals Gambling Characteristics and Demographic Differences as Determinants of Attitudes Towards Gambling Among Youths in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Ayandele ◽  
Rotimi Oguntayo ◽  
P O Olapegba
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

In this cross-sectional survey study, we investigated gambling characteristics (“quick” money syndrome, frequency of gambling, preferred gambling products and platforms) and demographic (age and gender) differences as determinants of attitudes towards gambling among youths in Lagos. We used a purposive snowball technique to recruit 179 respondents in Lagos (men: n = 165 [83.8% of participants]; women: n = 32) with a history of gambling activities. Gambling characteristics, demographics, and attitudes towards gambling were measured by using a gambling characteristics profile, the bio-data of the respondents, and the short form of the Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS-8), respectively. The results showed that respondents believed that to make quick money, one needed to gamble once a week or more (67%), wager on sports betting (37.1%), and bet online (65.5%). The mean ATGS-8 composite score (28.2 ± 4.75) indicated overall positive attitudes among respondents. Independent sample t tests showed a significant difference between older (24–34 years) and younger (18–23 years) youths in their attitudes towards gambling (t = -2.30, p < .05) but no significant gender differences (t = 0.06, p > .05). One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in attitudes towards gambling based on gambling frequency, F(3, 196) = 6.86, p < .05, with those who gamble monthly having the highest score. Participants displayed the belief that the easiest way to quick money is to gamble at least once weekly and to bet online. Younger participants and those who gamble at least once a month reported more positive attitudes towards gambling. Youths need to be made aware that gambling is not a viable source of income.RésuméCette étude s’est penchée sur les caractéristiques de la pratique des jeux de hasard (syndrome de l’argent « facile », fréquence du jeu, produits et plateformes des jeux de choix) et les différences démographiques (âge et genre) en tant que déterminants des attitudes envers le jeu chez les jeunes au Lagos. Un échantillon de 197 joueurs (hommes; n = 165 [83,8% des participants], femmes ; n = 32) a été choisi à dessein à l’aide d’un sondage en boule de neige aux endroits suivants :  guichets de paris sportifs, kiosques de loterie, centres de visualisation de matches de football, centres commerciaux, centres de détente et parcs de sport automobile à Lagos, au Nigeria. Les attitudes ont été mesurées à l’aide de l’échelle des attitudes envers les jeux de hasard (ATGS-8). Les résultats montraient que les répondants croyaient que pour gagner de l’argent facilement aux jeux de hasard, il fallait jouer au moins une fois par semaine (67 %), faire des paris sportifs (37,1%), et parier en ligne (65,5 %). Le pointage combiné moyen de l’ATGS-8 (2,2 ± 4,75) indiquait dans l’ensemble des attitudes positives chez les répondants; un test t sur échantillon indépendant a révélé une différence importante dans l’attitude envers les jeux de hasard entre les joueurs jeunes plus âgés et plus jeunes (t =-2.30, p < 0.05), mais aucune différence significative entre les genres (t = 0.06, p > 0.05). L’analyse de variance à un critère de classification révèle des différences importantes dans les attitudes envers les jeux de hasard en fonction de la fréquence de la pratique de ces jeux (F (3 196) =6.86, p < 0.05); et ceux qui jouent tous les mois obtenaient le pointage le plus élevé. Les participants démontraient irréfutablement la conviction selon laquelle le moyen le plus facile de faire de l’argent facile est de jouer à des jeux de hasard au moins une fois par semaine et de parier en ligne. Les participants plus jeunes et ceux qui s’adonnent aux jeux de hasard au moins une fois par mois faisaient preuve d’attitudes plus positives à l’égard des jeux de hasard. Il faut faire comprendre aux jeunes que la pratique des jeux de hasard ne représente pas une source de revenu viable.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Anthropometric Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Taiwanese Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nain-Feng Chu ◽  
Hsien-Chuan Chin ◽  
Shu-Chuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Anthropometric Indexes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Background. To evaluate the prevalence and the importance of anthropometric indexes on metabolic syndrome (MetS) among young adolescents in Taiwan. Methods. We conducted a cross sectional survey to obtain a representative sampling among Taipei adolescents in 2003, totally enrolled of 1,562 adolescents (764 boys and 798 girls) from age 11 to 15. We used modified NCEP-ATP III criteria to diagnose metabolic syndrome in young adolescents including: blood pressure ≧90th percentile, fasting glucose ≧90th, TG ≧ 90th, HDL-C ≦ 10th, and BMI or WC ≧ 90th according to age and gender specific recommendations. Results. The overall prevalence of MetS was 4.8% for boys and 3.9% for girls. BMI and WC were significantly associated with MetS for both boys and girls, even after adjusting for age, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and pubertal status. However, after further adjusting for BMI or WC, WC for boys (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.24) and BMI for girls (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.13–1.64) were significantly associated with MetS. Conclusions. Adolescents with abnormal BMI or waist circumference had 10 to 20 times higher odds of MetS when compared to normal subjects. Obesity, either general or central adiposity, may play an important role in the development of MetS among adolescents.

scholarly journals The Influence of Minority Stress on Level of Depression among Thai LGBT Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyoth Kittiteerasack ◽  
Alana Steffen ◽  
Alicia Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Identity Concealment ◽  
Stress Coping Strategies ◽  
And Gender

In the US, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals report higher rates of depression compared with heterosexual and cisgender persons. To date, little is known about the mental health of LGBT adults in Thailand. Here, we examined rates and correlates of depression among a volunteer sample of Thai LGBTs. Data were collected as part of a larger cross-sectional survey study. Standardized measures of sexual orientation and gender identity, stress, coping style, and minority stressors were completed. Of the 411 participants, 40.3% met the criteria for depression. In multivariate analyses, the combined influences of sociodemographic factors, general stress, coping strategies, and minority-specific stress variables explained 47.2% of the variance in depression scores (F[16,367]= 20.48, p<.001). Correlates of depression included coping strategies and minority-specific stressors, including experiences of victimization, discrimination, and level of identity concealment. Study findings have implications for psychiatric nursing practice and the development of intervention research. Abstrak Di AS, individu lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) melaporkan tingkat depresi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan orang heteroseksual dan cisgender. Saat ini, sedikit yang diketahui tentang kesehatan mental pada orang dewasa dengan LGBT di Thailand. Di sini, kami meneliti tingkat dan korelasi depresi di antara sampel sukarelawan LGBT Thailand. Data dikumpulkan sebagai bagian dari studi survei cross-sectional yang lebih besar. Pengukuran terstandar terhadap orientasi seksual dan identitas gender, stres, koping, dan stresor minoritas telah selesai. Dari 411 peserta, 40,3% memenuhi kriteria untuk depresi. Dalam analisis multivariat, pengaruh gabungan faktor sosiodemografi, stres umum, strategi koping, dan variabel stres spesifik-minoritas menjelaskan 47,2% dari varians dalam skor depresi (F [16,367]= 20,48, p< 0,001). Korelasi depresi termasuk strategi koping dan stres spesifik-minoritas, termasuk pengalaman viktimisasi, diskriminasi, dan tingkat penyembunyian identitas. Temuan penelitian memiliki implikasi untuk praktik keperawatan psikiatris dan pengembangan penelitian intervensi. Kata kunci: depresi, LGBT, minoritas seksual dan gender; stres minoritas, Thailand

scholarly journals Concerns and Misconceptions About the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe App: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

10.2196/23081 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e23081
Author(s):  
Rae Thomas ◽  
Zoe A Michaleff ◽  
Hannah Greenwood ◽  
Eman Abukmail ◽  
Paul Glasziou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Do So

Background Timely and effective contact tracing is an essential public health measure for curbing the transmission of COVID-19. App-based contact tracing has the potential to optimize the resources of overstretched public health departments. However, its efficiency is dependent on widespread adoption. Objective This study aimed to investigate the uptake of the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe app among Australians and examine the reasons why some Australians have not downloaded the app. Methods An online national survey, with representative quotas for age and gender, was conducted between May 8 and May 11, 2020. Participants were excluded if they were a health care professional or had been tested for COVID-19. Results Of the 1802 potential participants contacted, 289 (16.0%) were excluded prior to completing the survey, 13 (0.7%) declined, and 1500 (83.2%) participated in the survey. Of the 1500 survey participants, 37.3% (n=560) had downloaded the COVIDSafe app, 18.7% (n=280) intended to do so, 27.7% (n=416) refused to do so, and 16.3% (n=244) were undecided. Equally proportioned reasons for not downloading the app included privacy (165/660, 25.0%) and technical concerns (159/660, 24.1%). Other reasons included the belief that social distancing was sufficient and the app was unnecessary (111/660, 16.8%), distrust in the government (73/660, 11.1%), and other miscellaneous responses (eg, apathy and following the decisions of others) (73/660, 11.1%). In addition, knowledge about COVIDSafe varied among participants, as some were confused about its purpose and capabilities. Conclusions For the COVIDSafe app to be accepted by the public and used correctly, public health messages need to address the concerns of citizens, specifically privacy, data storage, and technical capabilities. Understanding the specific barriers preventing the uptake of contact tracing apps provides the opportunity to design targeted communication strategies aimed at strengthening public health initiatives, such as downloading and correctly using contact tracing apps.

scholarly journals Concerns and Misconceptions About the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe App: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rae Thomas ◽  
Zoe A Michaleff ◽  
Hannah Greenwood ◽  
Eman Abukmail ◽  
Paul Glasziou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Do So

BACKGROUND Timely and effective contact tracing is an essential public health measure for curbing the transmission of COVID-19. App-based contact tracing has the potential to optimize the resources of overstretched public health departments. However, its efficiency is dependent on widespread adoption. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the uptake of the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe app among Australians and examine the reasons why some Australians have not downloaded the app. METHODS An online national survey, with representative quotas for age and gender, was conducted between May 8 and May 11, 2020. Participants were excluded if they were a health care professional or had been tested for COVID-19. RESULTS Of the 1802 potential participants contacted, 289 (16.0%) were excluded prior to completing the survey, 13 (0.7%) declined, and 1500 (83.2%) participated in the survey. Of the 1500 survey participants, 37.3% (n=560) had downloaded the COVIDSafe app, 18.7% (n=280) intended to do so, 27.7% (n=416) refused to do so, and 16.3% (n=244) were undecided. Equally proportioned reasons for not downloading the app included privacy (165/660, 25.0%) and technical concerns (159/660, 24.1%). Other reasons included the belief that social distancing was sufficient and the app was unnecessary (111/660, 16.8%), distrust in the government (73/660, 11.1%), and other miscellaneous responses (eg, apathy and following the decisions of others) (73/660, 11.1%). In addition, knowledge about COVIDSafe varied among participants, as some were confused about its purpose and capabilities. CONCLUSIONS For the COVIDSafe app to be accepted by the public and used correctly, public health messages need to address the concerns of citizens, specifically privacy, data storage, and technical capabilities. Understanding the specific barriers preventing the uptake of contact tracing apps provides the opportunity to design targeted communication strategies aimed at strengthening public health initiatives, such as downloading and correctly using contact tracing apps.

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