scholarly journals Setting-Specific and Symptom-Specific Association between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ye ◽  
Jingya Huang ◽  
Liang Xia ◽  
Xiaojun Xu ◽  
Xiao Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Few studies have focused on the potential relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to explore the potential association between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms and differentiate this association in setting-specific exposure and symptom-specific outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangdong province of China from September to December 2010 using a multistage sampling method to randomly sample adults aged 18 years and older. SHS exposure was defined as inhalation by non-smokers of the smoke exhaled from smokers for at least 1 day a week in the past 30 days. Depressive symptoms were measured using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The zero-inflate negative binomial regression models were used to explore the associations between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms. A total of 2771 non-smokers were included in this study, with mean age of 49.6 ± 14.0 years and 70.3% of females. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in participants with SHS exposure than in those without exposure (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16–1.51), and there were similar positive associations for SHS exposure in medical facilities (IRR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.17–1.61) and in schools (IRR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.20–1.77). Notably, there was a monotonically increasing dose-response relationship between frequency of SHS exposure and depressive symptoms. When differentiating this relationship by the dimensions of depressive symptoms, there were similar dose-response relationships for cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms. When differentiating this relationship by sex, only females showed a significant dose-response relationship. Our findings suggest dose-response relationships between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms in sex-specific and symptom-specific manners. Future longitudinal studies are needed to establish the biological mechanisms of the impact of SHS exposure.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han ◽  
Liu ◽  
Gong ◽  
Ye ◽  
Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Shs Exposure

Previous studies have suggested an association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and risk of depressive symptoms. However, it remains unclear whether there is a dose–response relationship. The effect estimates were pooled using fixed-effect or random-effect models based on homogeneity analysis. The dose–response meta-analysis was performed by linear and non-linear regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis. SHS exposure was significantly associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–1.39). For SHS exposure expressed as an ordinal variable, the dose–response meta-analysis revealed a monotonically increasing relationship between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms. A similar dose–response relationship was observed for SHS exposure expressed as a continuous variable (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.26–1.87). Our findings suggest that SHS exposure is associated with increasing odds of depressive symptoms in a dose–response manner.

scholarly journals Association between fish consumption and risk of dementia: a new study from China and a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1921-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishat T Bakre ◽  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Ranjit Khutan ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Tina Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association of fish consumption with risk of dementia and its dose–response relationship, and investigate variations in the association among low-, middle- and high-income countries.DesignA new community-based cross-sectional study and a systematic literature review.SettingsUrban and rural communities in China; population-based studies systematically searched from worldwide literature.SubjectsChinese adults aged ≥60 years in six provinces (n 6981) took part in a household health survey of dementia prevalence and risk factors. In addition, 33 964 participants from eleven published and eligible studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.ResultsIn the new study in China, 326 participants were diagnosed with dementia (4·7 %); those who consumed any amount of fish in the past two years v. those who consumed no fish had reduced risk of dementia (adjusted OR=0·73, 95 % CI 0·64, 0·99), but the dose–response relationship was not statistically significant. The meta-analysis of available data from the literature and the new study showed relative risk (RR) of dementia of 0·80 (95 % CI 0·74, 0·87) for people with fish consumption; the impact was similar among countries with different levels of income. Pooled dose–response data revealed RR (95 % CI) of 0·84 (0·72, 0·98), 0·78 (0·68, 0·90) and 0·77 (0·61, 0·98) in people with low, middle and high consumption of fish, respectively. Corresponding figures for Alzheimer’s disease were 0·88 (0·74, 1·04), 0·79 (0·65, 0·96) and 0·67 (0·58, 0·78), respectively.ConclusionsGreater consumption of fish is associated with a lower risk of dementia. Increasing fish consumption may help prevent dementia worldwide regardless of income level.

scholarly journals Dose-Response Relationship of EAE Clinical Severity in a MOG35-55 Mouse Model: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Gerlinde AS Metz ◽  
Bettenson D ◽  
Babatunde S ◽  
Gustafson C ◽  
Chan R
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Nociceptive Sensitivity ◽  
The Impact

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a common animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) which mimics the autoimmune, demyelinating, and inflammatory hallmarks of this human disorder. To better understand the severity of the symptoms in relation to the antigen in EAE, we explored the dose-symptom relationship between the quantity of MOG35-55 and clinical symptoms in a C57/BL6 mouse pilot study. To isolate the impact of MOG35-55 we developed an EAE model that does not require the additional application of pertussis toxin. Mice were treated with either 50µg, 100µg, or 150µg of MOG35-55 emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Following induction, the mice were assessed for clinical symptoms daily, and tested weekly for gross and fine motor impairments, mechanical allodynia, and anxiety-like behaviours. The time course of sensorimotor function loss was characterized by multiphasic disease progression. Findings also suggested an inverted U-shape dose-response relationship with a medium dosage of 100 µl MOG35-55 dosage aggravating symptom severity in induced animals. Outcomes measured by a clinical score correlated with performance on motor and nociceptive sensitivity tasks. As the disease progressed, fine and gross motor impairments and nociceptive sensitivity diminished and impairments persisted beyond 8 weeks. This study indicates that mild to moderate EAE can be induced in the absence of use of pertussis toxin. The progression suggests a spontaneously multiphasic disease course, which may have attractive implications for clinically relevant animal models.

Association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in general adult populations: An analysis of the dose-response relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Kim ◽  
Sang-Won Jeon ◽  
Dong-Won Shin ◽  
Kang-Seob Oh ◽  
Young-Chul Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship

scholarly journals A cross-sectional analysis of respiratory ill-health among charcoal workers and its implications for strengthening occupational health services in southern Nigeria

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e022361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irikefe Paul Obiebi ◽  
Patrick Gold Oyibo
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hazard Control ◽  
Exposure Levels

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to assess the concentration of air pollutants at charcoal sites, the dose-response relationship between site-based exposure levels to air pollutants and prevalence of respiratory symptoms among charcoal workers, and the measures these workers employ to safeguard their health.DesignCross-sectional but comparative designSettingCharcoal production kiln sites in Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria.ParticipantsOverall 296 charcoal workers and age-matched, sex-matched and height-matched non-exposed traders (comparison group).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among charcoal workers while secondary outcomes included lung function indices as well as hazard control practices among charcoal workers.ResultsMajority (83.3%) of the sites had PM10and PM2.5values five times higher than the WHO standard. Charcoal workers were more likely to have respiratory symptoms; wheeze was statistically significant after adjusting for confounders, (OR 4.22; CI 1.37 to 12.99). The dose-response relationship between site-based exposure levels to air pollutants and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among charcoal workers was statistically significant for all symptoms except chest tightness (p=0.167). Mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were considerably lower among workers with differences of −0.22 (−0.42 to −0.05) L and −0.52 (-0.76 to −0.29) L, respectively, whereas FEV1/FVC ratio and peak expiratory flow rate were higher among workers with mean differences of 5.68 (3.59–8.82)% and 0.31 (-23.70 to 24.43) L/min, respectively; but the mean difference was significant only for the FEV1/FVC ratio. Charcoal workers had poor hazard control practices; only 3.4% reportedly used personal protective equipment.ConclusionAir pollutants at kiln sites were higher than WHO standards. Despite the significantly higher prevalence of wheeze, chest tightness and chronic cough among charcoal workers, their hazard control practices were inadequate. Charcoal workers should adopt appropriate hazard control practices, and use improved devices which emit minimal pollutants.

scholarly journals Dose-response relationship between very vigorous physical activity and cardiovascular health assessed by heart rate variability in adults: Cross-sectional results from the EPIMOV study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0210216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Luís Wanderley de Sousa ◽  
Thatiane Lopes Valentim di Paschoale Ostoli ◽  
Evandro Fornias Sperandio ◽  
Rodolfo Leite Arantes ◽  
Antônio Ricardo de Toledo Gagliardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract 15034: Exposure to Secondhand Smoke is Associated With Increased Left Ventricular Mass

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis M Skipina ◽  
Bharathi Upadhya ◽  
Elsayed Z Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
P Value ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Background: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), or passive smoking, has been associated with chronic hypertension. However, little is known about the relationship between SHS and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, the most common complication of hypertension and a manifestation of cardiac end-organ damage. Hypothesis: SHS exposure is independently associated with LV mass. Methods: This analysis included 4,982 non-smoker participants (age 60.8±13.6 years, 57.8% women, 77.7% whites) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES-III). Non-smoking was defined by self-report and serum cotinine ≤ 10 ng/dL, a biomarker for tobacco exposure. SHS was defined as serum cotinine level >1 ng/dL. LV mass was estimated using an electrocardiographic model developed and applied in NHANES-III then validated in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the cross-sectional association between SHS exposure (vs. no exposure) with estimated LV mass. In similar models, we also examined the associations of LV mass across quartiles of serum cotinine (reference group, 1 st quartile) and in subgroups stratified by race, sex, and hypertension status. Results: About 9.8% (n=489) of the participants were exposed to SHS. Exposure to SHS was associated with an estimated 2.9 gram increase in LV mass, with a dose-response relationship between higher serum cotinine and LV mass ( Table ). These results were consistent in men and women (interaction p-value= 0.31), whites and non-whites (interaction p-value= 0.21), and those with and without hypertension (interaction p-value= 0.88) Conclusion: In a racially diverse sample of non-smokers, SHS is associated with increased LV mass with a dose-response relationship between level of exposure and LV mass. These findings underscore the harmful effect of passive smoking on the cardiovascular system and highlight the need for more restrictions on smoking in public areas.

scholarly journals Dose–Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciao-Lin Ho ◽  
Wei-Fong Wu ◽  
Yiing Mei Liou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Axial Elongation

Myopia in children has dramatically increased worldwide. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of outdoor light exposure on myopia. According to research data from 13 studies of 15,081 children aged 4–14 at baseline, outdoor light exposure significantly reduced myopia incidence/prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.91, p < 0.00001; I2 = 90%), spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) by 0.15 D/year (0.09–0.27, p < 0.0001), and axial elongation by 0.08 mm/year (−0.14 to −0.02, p = 0.02). The benefits of outdoor light exposure intervention, according to pooled overall results, included decreases in three myopia indicators: 50% in myopia incidence, 32.9% in SER, and 24.9% in axial elongation for individuals in Asia. Daily outdoor light exposure of more than 120 min was the most effective intervention, and weekly intervention time exhibited a dose–response relationship with all three indicators. Subgroup comparisons revealed that interventional studies report greater benefits from outdoor light exposure compared with cohort and cross-sectional studies, and individuals with myopia in intervention studies experienced slightly greater benefits than individuals without, in terms of SER and axial elongation. Therefore, this study suggests 120 min/day of outdoor light exposure at school.

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