scholarly journals Glycated Hemoglobin in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in a Semi-Urban Brazilian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayla Cristina do Vale Moreira ◽  
Renan M. Montenegro ◽  
Haakon E. Meyer ◽  
Bishwajit Bhowmik ◽  
Ibrahimu Mdala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitive Marker

The study evaluated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a diagnostic tool for diabetes and pre-diabetes in the Brazilian population. Further, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also examined against HbA1c values to identify the most suitable cut-off points for HOMA-IR to predict the risk of diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 714 randomly selected subjects. HbA1c, fasting, and 2 h plasma glucose values were measured. Insulin resistance estimates were calculated with HOMA-IR. The receiver operating characteristic curve assessed HbA1c performance. The adjusted prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus was 14.7%, and pre-diabetes 14.2%. The optimal HbA1c cut-off value was ≥6.8% for the diagnosis of diabetes, and ≥6.0% for pre-diabetes. The area under the curve using HbA1c was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.80–0.90) for detecting diabetes and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.55–0.67) for pre-diabetes. The optimal HOMA-IR cut-off value was 2.06 for HbA1c at 6.8%. The HbA1c cut-off value of ≥6.8% may be suitable for diagnosing diabetes in the Brazilian population. Our results do not support the use of HbA1c to diagnose pre-diabetes. A HOMA-IR cut-off point of 2.06 was a sensitive marker to assess the risk of diabetes.

scholarly journals SLC22A1 rs622342 Polymorphism Predicts Insulin Resistance Improvement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Metformin: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kunrong Wu ◽  
Xiaoli Li ◽  
Yuedong Xu ◽  
Xiaoqian Zhang ◽  
Ziwan Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Metformin is the most widely used oral antidiabetic agent and can reduce insulin resistance (IR) effectively. Organic cation transporter 1 (encoded by SLC22A1) is responsible for the transport of metformin, and ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) is a gene relating to the DNA repair and cell cycle control. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the genetic variants in SLC22A1 rs622342 and ATM rs11212617 could be effective predictors of islet function improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on metformin treatment. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 111 patients with T2DM treated with metformin. Genotyping was performed by the dideoxy chain-termination method. The homeostatic indexes of IR (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-BCF) were determined according to the homeostasis model assessment. Results. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, HbA1c levels, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patients with the rs622342 AA genotype than in those with C allele (P<0.05). However, these significant differences were not observed between rs11212617 genotype groups. Further data analysis revealed that the association between the rs622342 polymorphism and HOMA-IR was gender related, and so was rs11212617 polymorphism and HOMA-BCF. HOMA-IR was significantly higher in males with rs622342 AA genotype than in those with C allele (P=0.021), and HOMA-BCF value was significantly higher in females carrying rs11212617 CC genotype than in those with A allele (P=0.038). The common logarithm (Lg10) of HOMA-BCF was positively correlated with the reciprocal of HbA1c (r = 0.629, P<0.001) and negatively associated with Lg10 FPG (r = −0.708, P<0.001). Conclusions. The variant of rs622342 could be a predictor of insulin sensitivity in patients with T2DM treated with metformin. The association between the rs622342 polymorphism and HOMA-IR and the association between the rs11212617 polymorphism and HOMA-BCF were both gender related.

Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals Inverse association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance in Japanese adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2031-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Nakamoto ◽  
Hirokazu Uemura ◽  
Tohru Sakai ◽  
Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano ◽  
Miwa Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soya Product

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance using baseline data of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima, Japan.DesignThis cross-sectional study included 1274 subjects, aged 34–70 years at baseline, living in Tokushima Prefecture between 2008 and 2013. Fasting blood samples were collected and information on lifestyle characteristics including soya food intake and medical history were obtained using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was measured and those with HOMA-IR≥2·5 were defined as having insulin resistance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between soya product intake and the prevalence of insulin resistance.SettingRural communities located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, between 2008 and 2013.SubjectsA total of 1148 adults (565 men and 583 women), aged 34–70 years.ResultsThe frequency of intake of miso soup, total non-fried soya products and total soya products showed significant inverse dose–response relationships with insulin resistance, after adjustments for potential confounders. When soya product intake was calculated as soya protein and isoflavone, the odds ratios of insulin resistance decreased significantly as the estimated intake of soya protein increased. Furthermore, significant inverse dose–response relationships were observed for total non-fried soya products and total soya products, after adjustment for total vegetable or total fibre consumption.ConclusionsThe present results indicate that the intake of soya products and non-fried soya products is associated with reduced insulin resistance in the Japanese population.

scholarly journals Patients with pheochromocytoma exhibit low aldosterone renin ratio

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yamada ◽  
Hidenori Fukuoka ◽  
Yusei Hosokawa ◽  
Yukiko Odake ◽  
Kenichi Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Adrenal Adenoma ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Adrenal Tumors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Sensitive Marker

Abstract Background Plasma renin activity (PRA) is generally increased in patients with pheochromocytoma (PCC) due to low circulating plasma volume and activation of β-1 adrenergic receptor signaling. However, there has been no study on the aldosterone renin ratio (ARR) in patients with PCC. To elucidate the issue, this study aimed to determine the PRA, plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and ARR in patients with PCC and compare them with those in patients with subclinical Cushing’s syndrome (SCS) and non-functioning adrenal adenoma (NFA). Methods In this retrospective single-center, cross-sectional study, 67 consecutive patients with adrenal tumors (PCC (n =18), SCS (n =18), and NFA (n =31)) diagnosed at Kobe University Hospital between 2008 and 2014 were enrolled. Results PRA was significantly higher in patients with PCC than in those with SCS and NFA (2.1 (1.3~2.8) vs. 0.7 (0.5~1.8) and 0.9 (0.6~1.4) ng/mL/h; p =0.018 and p =0.025). Although PACs were comparable among the three groups, ARR was significantly lower in patients with PCC than in those with SCS and NFA (70.5 (45.5~79.5) vs. 156.0 (92.9~194.5) and 114.9 (90.1~153.4); p =0.001 and p <0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that, in differentiating PCC from NFA, PRA >1.55 ng/mL/h showed a sensitivity of 70.0% and specificity of 80.6%. Interestingly, ARR <95.4 showed a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 86.7%, which were higher than those in PRA. Conclusions ARR decreased in patients with PCC, which was a more sensitive marker than PRA. Further study is necessary to understand the usefulness of this convenient marker in the detection of PCC.

scholarly journals IS SERUM ZINC LEVEL CORRELATED WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AMONG LACTATING MOTHERS IN JAKARTA?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Dian Araminta Ramadhania ◽  
Diana Sunardi ◽  
Ali Sungkar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Lactating Mothers

Introduction: Insulin resistance is a condition that underlies the development of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus keeps rising, including in Indonesia. A higher proportion of diabetes was found in women. Physiological changes during pregnancy can cause insulin resistance that may persist until postpartum period. Lactation and nutrient like zinc may improve insulin resistance. This study aimed to measure the correlation between zinc serum level and insulin resistance of lactating mothers in Jakarta.Methods: This study used cross-sectional design, was conducted in Puskesmas Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan, West Jakarta and Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilincing, North Jakarta from February to April 2019. A total of 75 lactating mothers at 3–6 months postpartum were selected using consecutive sampling method. Zinc serum was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results: Approximately 76% (n = 57) subjects had low serum zinc level. Spearman correlation test between serum zinc level and HOMA-IR was done (r = 0.003, p = 0.977). Also, correlation test between BMI and HOMA-IR (r = 0.563, p <0.001).Conclusion: No correlation was found between serum zinc level and HOMA-IR however, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR.Keywords: Lactation, zinc, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, BMI

scholarly journals Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance in obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Raynald Takumansang ◽  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Hesti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Mean

Background Obesity has become a rapidly growing epidemic worldwide, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Obesity is due to an expansion of adipose tissue mass, which is an important source of cytokines and contributes to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 is significantly increased in obesity and may lead to a state of insulin resistance.Objective To assess for a correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance in obese adolescentsMethods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to April 2012 in Manado, North Sulawesi. Subjects were either obese or normal body mass index (BMI) teens aged 13-18 years. Data collected were anthropometric status, BMI, and blood specimens for fasting plasma glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and IL-6 levels. Insulin resistance was expressed as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level >2.77. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests to assess for a possible correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance.Results The mean BMI in the obese group was 31.21 (SD 3.61) kg/m2 while the mean BMI in the normal group was 19.52 (SD 2.38) kg/m2. There was no significant association between IL-6 and the occurrence of insulin resistance (P=0.309). The log regression coefficient value of IL-6 was negative (b = -0.329).Conclusion There is no correlation between IL-6 levels and incidence of insulin resistance in obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance in PLHIV on HAART and HAART naïve PLHIV: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Prabir Kumar Ganguly ◽  
Niladri Das
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT HAART (Highly active antiretroviral therapy) has transformed a fatal disease to a chronic, manageable disease. But long term toxicities are emerging after prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy(ART). Adverse metabolic effects like dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure, and insulin resistance(IR) have been attributed to HAART. Therefore, the use of HAART raises concerns regarding metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk in HIV(Human immunodeficiency virus) infected patients. Objective: To determine the prevalence of insulin resistance in a cohort of HIV infected patients on HAART as compared to HAART naïve PLHIV(People living with HIV) Methods: A cross sectional study includes 53 subjects, out of which 26 were PLHIV on ART –Group I, 27 were ART naïve PLHIV-Group II was conducted. Insulin resistance was determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) mathematical model. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the association between demographic, clinical characteristics, laboratory results and insulin resistance. Results: 69.5 % PLHIV on HAART showed IR, as compared to 37 % of ART naïve PLHIV (p= 0.01). MetS(Metabolic Syndrome) was found in 53.8% among PLHIV on ART , compared to 11.1% among ART naïve PLHIV(p= 0.001) .In the multivariate analysis, presence of metabolic syndrome was found to be directly associated with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals RELUCTANCE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TO INSULIN THERAPY; PSYCHOLOGICAL INSULIN RESISTANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 602-05
Author(s):  
Umair Ali ◽  
Muhammad Wajid Munir ◽  
Jahanzeb Maqsood ◽  
Mahwash Jamil ◽  
Syed Saif Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Objective: To evaluate factors resulting in reluctance of initiation of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medical OPD of a private tertiary care multi-specialty hospital in Islamabad, from Apr to Jul 2019. Methodology: Patients with diabetes mellitus between age of 30-70 years, who had poor glycaemic control on two oral antidiabetic drugs having HbA1c>9% and were insulin naïve, were included in this study. A validated questionnaire was developed which had two sections; first including the demographic data of the study populations and second having closedended dichotomous questions which were asked from patients by the treating physicians Results: A total of 180 patients with diabetes mellitus eligible for insulin therapy were included in the study, among them 52 (28.9%) were agreed to initiate the insulin. Negative attitude and beliefs include painful way of administration 85 (66.4%), difficult insulin storage 98 (76.6%), risk of hypoglycemia 82 (64.1%).The mean negative perception Score was 7.35 (SD 0.98). Conclusion: Psychological insulin resistance is present in significant diabetic population, and it is a big obstacle in insulin therapy initiation and compliance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of prediabetes and modifiable factors in an ethnic group of Mexico: the Comcáac Project

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Daniela Robles-Ordaz ◽  
Ana Cristina Gallegos-Aguilar ◽  
Rene Urquidez-Romero ◽  
Rolando Giovanni Diaz-Zavala ◽  
Marcos Gerardo Lavandera-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of and modifiable factors associated with prediabetes in the Comcáac Indians.DesignCross-sectional study where prediabetes was defined using fasting plasma glucose, 2 h plasma glucose and glycated Hb (HbA1c). Physical, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, medical record, socio-economic, dietary and physical activity information were collected. The modifiable factors associated with prediabetes were assessed using multiple logistic regression.SettingsComcáac Indian communities of Punta Chueca and El Desemboque, Sonora, Mexico.SubjectsAdults (n227) aged 20 years or older.ResultsThe sex- and age-adjusted prevalence (95 % CI) of prediabetes was 47·1 (40·8, 53·5) % in the overall population; age-adjusted prevalence was 47·3 (35·6, 59·0) % in men and 46·7 (39·1, 54·3) % in women. The modifiable factors associated with a risk of prediabetes (OR; 95 % CI) were light-intensity physical activity (per 1 h/week increase: 1·04; 1·01, 1·07) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score >6·1v. <4·1: 4·62; 1·37, 15·51). Increased consumption of a traditional dietary pattern based on fish and seafood, low-fat cereals, fruits and vegetables was a protective factor (0·49; 0·31, 0·79). All variables were modelled together and adjusted for age and sex.ConclusionsThe high prediabetes prevalence found in the Comcáac community is alarming because it represents a large number of people who are at risk for type 2 diabetes. The identification of modifiable factors associated with prediabetes that are specific to this population may be useful for designing effective strategies to prevent prediabetes.

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