scholarly journals Cataract Services are Leaving Widows Behind: Examples from National Cross-Sectional Surveys in Nigeria and Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Ramke ◽  
Fatima Kyari ◽  
Nyawira Mwangi ◽  
MMPN Piyasena ◽  
GVS Murthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Development Goals

The Sustainable Development Goals aim to leave no one behind. We explored the hypothesis that women without a living spouse—including those who are widowed, divorced, separated, and never married—are a vulnerable group being left behind by cataract services. Using national cross-sectional blindness surveys from Nigeria (2005–2007; n = 13,591) and Sri Lanka (2012–2014; n = 5779) we categorized women and men by marital status (married/not-married) and place of residence (urban/rural) concurrently. For each of the eight subgroups we calculated cataract blindness, cataract surgical coverage (CSC), and effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC). Not-married women, who were predominantly widows, experienced disproportionate cataract blindness—in Nigeria they were 19% of the population yet represented 56% of those with cataract blindness; in Sri Lanka they were 18% of the population and accounted for 54% of those with cataract blindness. Not-married rural women fared worst in access to services—in Nigeria their CSC of 25.2% (95% confidence interval, CI 17.8–33.8%) was far lower than the best-off subgroup (married urban men, CSC 80.0% 95% CI 56.3–94.3); in Sri Lanka they also lagged behind (CSC 68.5% 95% CI 56.6–78.9 compared to 100% in the best-off subgroup). Service quality was also comparably poor for rural not-married women—eCSC was 8.9% (95% CI 4.5–15.4) in Nigeria and 37.0% (95% CI 26.0–49.1) in Sri Lanka. Women who are not married are a vulnerable group who experience poor access to cataract services and high cataract blindness. To “leave no one behind”, multi-faceted strategies are needed to address their needs.

Challenges to Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals in Sri Lanka

Asian Survey ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-746
Author(s):  
Gamini Herath
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals

In 2015, the UN proposed the Sustainable Development Goals; they were accepted by 193 countries. Sri Lanka faces many challenges in implementing the SDGs. The lack of reliable and recent data is a serious issue. Another issue is the weak institutional capacity of Sri Lanka, which has led to poor governance and policy incoherence. There is no strong political will, and interministerial conflicts are rampant. Unless these issues are properly addressed, the yahapalanaya (good governance) government of President Sirisena may not contribute well to achieve the SDGs by 2030.

scholarly journals Innocampus Explora: Una aproximación multidisciplinar a la problemática ambiental

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Garro ◽  
Jose Moros-Gregorio ◽  
Alejandro Quílez-Asensio ◽  
Daniel Jiménez-Romero ◽  
Ana Blas-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Work Team ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Development Goals

We present the activities of the Innocampus Explora innovation project developed on the Burjassot-Paterna campus of the Universitat de València and whose main objective is to show the interrelation between the different scientific and technical degrees on campus. In this year, the work team made up of students and professors from all the faculties and schools of the Burjassot-Paterna campus, have carried out activities around environmental issues. A cross-sectional and interdisciplinary vision of the problems of the uses of plastic and nuclear energy that link with several of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) dictated by the United Nations. With the development of this project we contribute to quality transversal training for all participating students.

scholarly journals Reproductive health practice of married women in the rural community

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Shila Rani Das ◽  
Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽  
Md. Saizuddin ◽  
Nadia Begum ◽  
Sultana Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Cross Sectional

This cross sectional study of fifteen days’ duration was conducted among Married women attending in OPD at Dhamrai Dhaka to know Reproductive Health Practice of Married Women in the Rural Community with a sample size of 100 following purposive sampling technique using pretested semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview method after taking informed consent. Data were analyzed manually and by using computer. Only 39% respondents were found within age group 20-30 years and 33% completed primary education. Majority the of respondents (79%) were married. This study also found that 39% were housewives and majority (56%) had poor monthly income (TK <10,000). Majority (78%) of respondent’s duration of married life less than or equal to 15 years. This study also revealed that (72%) respondents were found having their first issue less than or equal to 25 years of age. About 40% respondents were found having two children. About 47%, 52% & 25% respondents received advices on healthy diet, personal hygiene and cautions about drug uses respectively during antenatal period. Majority (84%) of respondents were done USG on their routine antenatal care investigation. About 65% respondents delivered their last issue at hospital among them 55% respondents last delivery conducted by qualified doctors. Majority (85%) respondent received TT immunization and 71% respondents were not faced any complication in last delivery and 53% respondents were suffering from problems related to reproductive system and among them abortion (35%), PPH (30%) and perineal tear (20%). Reproductive health practice was still worse among the rural community Effective strategies must be taken to improve reproductive health status of the rural women.

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: Evidence from the Longitudinal Parenting Across Cultures Project

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Lansford ◽  
W. Andrew Rothenberg ◽  
Sombat Tapanya ◽  
Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado ◽  
Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Health And Well Being

This chapter uses evidence from the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project to illustrate ways in which longitudinal data can help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs.) The chapter begins by providing an overview of the research questions that have guided the international PAC as well as a description of the participants, procedures, and measures. Next, empirical findings from PAC are summarized to illustrate implications for six specific SDGs related to child and adolescent development in relation to education, poverty, gender, mental health, and well-being. Then the chapter describes how longitudinal data offer advantages over cross-sectional data in operationalizing SDG targets and implementing the SDGs. Finally, limitations, future research directions, and conclusions are provided.

The Drover's Wife and the Drover's Daughter: Histories of Single Farming Women and Debates in Australian Historiography

Rural History ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Rural History ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
New Research ◽  
Rural Australia

AbstractIn the 1980s two vigorous debates commanded the attention of economic and feminist historians alike, and they played a key part in shaping the historiography concerning rural women in Australia. One debate revolved around the use of the nineteenth-century census in determining women's occupations, including those of farming women. The other debate, part of a wider feminist conversation about women's agency, focused on the question of the nature of white women's lives within colonial families and society. Despite the centrality of rural women to these debates, and the role colonial women's histories played in shaping the historiography, these debates did not impact upon the writing of rural history in Australia. This article revisits these debates in the light of new research into the lives of never-married women on Australia's family farms and uses their histories to question the conclusions arrived at by feminist and economic historians. It also questions the continuing invisibility of rural women in histories of rural Australia and hopes to provoke more discussion between rural and feminist historians.

scholarly journals Local communities, health and the sustainable development goals: the case of Ribeirão das Neves, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (36) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane H. França ◽  
Ulisses E. C. Confalonieri
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Health is part of the Sustainable Development Agenda adopted by the United Nations and local communities have an important role in the definition of their own development needs and in the discussion of the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals. A field survey using a validated questionnaire was applied to 336 extremely poor households in a Brazilian municipality. The survey was a cross-sectional and observational study and included interviews with healthcare professionals and social workers. Drug/alcohol abuse was pointed as the major problem to obtain improvements in quality of life. The prevalence of disability was 14%. A reduction in rates of deaths caused by crimes and prevention of disabilities should be included as health targets under the SDGs.

scholarly journals Urban-rural disparities in wife-beating attitude among married women: a decomposition analysis from the 2017 Senegal Continuous Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Mpho Keetile ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract Background Globally, intimate partner violence is one of the most common forms of gender-based violence, and wife beating is one component of intimate partner violence, with the problem being more severe among women living in rural settings. Little is known about the factors that explain the urban-rural disparity in the prevalence of wife beating attitude in Senegal. In this paper, we aimed to decompose the urban-rural disparities in factors associated with wife beating attitude among married women in Senegal. Methods Data were derived from the 2017 Senegal Continuous Demographic and Health Survey. We used the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method to decompose and explain the variation in the prevalence of disagreement to wife beating between urban and rural areas in Senegal. Results The results show that 48.9% of married women in Senegal disagreed with wife-beating. About 69% of urban women disagreed with wife beating, but only 36% of rural women disagreed with wife beating. About 68.7% of women in the sample reported that they disagreed to wife beating by their husbands for burning food and nearly 50% of women reported that they disagreed with wife beating when they refuse to have sex with their husbands. About 86% of the urban-rural disparities in disagreement with wife beating are explained in this study. Economic status (45.2%), subnational region (22.4%), women’s educational status (13.3%), and husband’s educational status (10.7%) accounted for 91.6% of the disparities. Conclusions The study shows urban-rural disparities in the prevalence of wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating) and this disfavored rural residents. We suggest the need for the government of Senegal to consider pro-rural equity strategies to narrow down the observed disparities. Moreover, socioeconomic empowerment and attitudinal changing interventions using existing socio-cultural institutions as platforms can be used to deliver such interventions.

scholarly journals Healthcare Managers’ Perception About the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Jonas A. S. Schwartzman ◽  
Paola Zucchi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Online Forms ◽  
Health And Well Being

In 2015, about 190 United Nations Member States proposed an ambitious agenda, to be worked on by different actors in society, which was entitled 2030 Agenda. The document was divided into 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are broken down into 169 targets aiming to eradicate poverty and promote a decent life for all. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of healthcare managers about SDGs, especially SDG 3, which addresses Good Health and Well-Being. This cross-sectional observational study identified and analyzed the participants&rsquo; profilesthrough online forms with questions about the general perception of the SDGs, and questions related to SDG 3. The quantitative analysis of the results was performed, in percentage terms, and the qualitative analysis was performed using the five-point Likert scale. Twenty-one technical directors of healthcare services participated in the survey. According to the results, 14 (66.6) &nbsp;of the participants presented medium to highknowledge regarding SDG. In addition, 18 (85.7%) of these professionals understand that the SDGs are of high/very high importance to guide public policies. In general, there is a low expectation for the achievement of the 17 SDGs in Brazil, but it was highlighted that it should be a priority, which SDG could contribute to the achievement of SDG 3: Good Health and well-being as well as the vision of policy recommendations to achieve the SDG 3 targets. This analysis allows contact with SDG and enables a deeper discussion on the topic in healthcare services.

scholarly journals Transition in Childhood Malnutrition in India: Evidence from Various Cross-sectional Surveysconducted during 1998 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Chronic Malnutrition ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Development Goals

Nutrition plays a significant role in growth and development of children. Progress in reducing malnutrition has been slower and more uneven, especially in developing countries. Reduction in chronic malnutrition among young children was one of the primary objectives of Millennium Development Goals (MDG). However, 162 million young children are still suffering from chronic malnutrition [1]. In 2014, an estimated 159 million children under five years of age globally were stunted, 50 million were wasted and 91 million children were underweight. About half of all stunted children lived in Asia and over one-third in Africa. Similarly, twothirds of all wasted children lived in Asia and almost one third in Africa [2]. Therefore, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also concentrate to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG-2) by 2030 [3].

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