scholarly journals Association of Workplace Bullying and Workplace Vulnerability in the Psychological Distress of Chilean Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Ansoleaga ◽  
Magdalena Ahumada ◽  
Andrés González-Santa Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Salaried Workers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Probabilistic Survey

Workplace bullying has been identified as a global problem because of its growing magnitude and the harmful effects in victims and organizations. Workplace vulnerability is a component of job precarious1ness that reflects insecurity, fear, and labor uncertainty. This paper aims to analyze the associations between the exposure to workplace vulnerability and psychological distress, and to explore the associations between exposure to workplace bullying and psychological distress, by sex. A cross-sectional and probabilistic survey was applied to a randomly-selected valid sample of 1995 salaried workers in three main metropolitan areas of Chile. Chi-square test and logistic regression models controlling for confounders were tested. Female workers were more exposed to workplace vulnerability and presented a higher prevalence of psychological distress. Among women who were vulnerable, one of three reported psychological distress (30.8%), which is higher than men (16.5%). Workers exposed to workplace vulnerability had a greater chance of workplace bullying, workers who perceived high workplace vulnerability had a greater chance of psychological distress, and workers exposed to workplace violence had a greater likelihood of psychological distress in comparison to those who were not exposed. Increasing employment security can reduce the perception of job vulnerability and help prevent the existence of workplace bullying. Additionally, occupational health protection policies should prevent, protect from, and intervene in workplace bullying as a precursor to mental health problems in Chile.

scholarly journals Setting – based prevalence and correlates of central obesity: findings from a cross-sectional study among formal sector employees in Dodoma City, Central Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam John Munyogwa ◽  
Kaloli Sayi Ntalima ◽  
Secilia Ng’weshemi Kapalata
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background Obesity at the workplace has been associated with symptoms of lower self-esteem, increased individual and employer healthcare costs, increased absenteeism and presenteeism and reduced productivity. Therefore, this study was designed to study the prevalence and correlates of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Methods Study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to June, 2019. Participants were employees from formal sector employment defined as those paid regular monthly wage and with either a secured permanent or temporary contract. Simple random sampling was used to select four out of fifteen large buildings hosting various establishments. Respondents were obtained conveniently and interviewed face to face. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 102 cm for males and greater than 88 cm for females. Chi-square test was conducted to assess the differences among the groups. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify the correlates of central obesity. Results A total of 392 respondents (98% response rate) agreed and participated in the study. The overall prevalence of central obesity was found to be 41.8% (164/392). The prevalence of central obesity was significantly higher among females (67.4% p < 0.001), respondents aged ≥51 years (60%, p = < 0.001), administrators (55.1% p = < 0.05), respondents with salary of > 1,000,000 Tanzanian Shilling (TSh.) per month (54.4%, p = < 0.05), respondents who eat homemade meals at the workplace (64.2%, p = < 0.05) and respondents with hypertension (62.5%, p = < 0.05). Correlates of central obesity were found to be female sex (AOR = 9.53; 95% CI: 5.49, 16.78), increased age, eating homemade meals at the workplace (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.19) and hypertension (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.41, 6.91). Conclusions The present study revealed high prevalence of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Scholars and stakeholders are urged to generate more evidences and design appropriate interventions to curb the situation.

scholarly journals Exploring health literacy in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mei ◽  
Qing Zhong ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Yuanxia Huang ◽  
Junlin Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background In recent years, research on health literacy has become increasingly focused on the health care system and public health. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate health literacy and analyse the risk factors that affect health literacy in Wuhan, China. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5304 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 years from 204 monitoring points in 15 districts of Wuhan. Using the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) (2018 edition), a face-to-face survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Risk factors that may affect health literacy were assessed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression models. Results The knowledge rate of health literacy was relatively low (19.3%). The knowledge rate of health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL, 17.3%) was the lowest of the three aspects of health literacy, and the knowledge rate of chronic diseases (CD, 19.0%) was the lowest of the six dimensions of health literacy. Respondents who lived in urban areas, had higher education levels, worked as medical staff, had a higher household income and did not suffer from chronic diseases were likely to have higher health literacy. Conclusions The health literacy levels of citizens in Wuhan are insufficient and need to improve.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with human brucellosis in livestock professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cazembe Mufinda ◽  
Fernando Boinas ◽  
Carla Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Professional Category ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Service Location

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of human brucellosis in livestock professionals and analyze the factors associated with brucellosis focusing on sociodemographic variables and the variables of knowledge and practices related to the characteristics of the activities carried out in livestock. METHODS This is a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study with a population of 131 workers of butchers, slaughter rooms, and slaughterhouse and 192 breeders sampled randomly in Namibe province, Angola. The data were obtained from the collection of blood and use of questionnaires. The laboratory tests used were rose bengal and slow agglutination. The questionnaire allowed us to collect sociodemographic information and, specifically on brucellosis, it incorporated questions about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of livestock professionals. In addition to the descriptive statistical approach, we used the Chi-square test of independence, Fisher’s test, and logistic regression models, using a significance level of 10%. RESULTS The general weighted prevalence of brucellosis was 15.6% (95%CI 13.61–17.50), being it 5.3% in workers and 16.7% (95%CI 11.39–21.93) in breeders. The statistical significance was observed between human seroprevalence and category (worker and breeder) (p < 0.001) and education level (p = 0.032), start of activity (p = 0079), and service location (p = 0.055). In a multivariate context, the positive factor associated with brucellosis in professionals was the professional category (OR = 3.54; 95%CI 1.57–8.30, related to breeders in relation to workers). CONCLUSIONS Human brucellosis in livestock professionals is prevalent in Namibe province (15.6%), where the professional category was the most important factor. The seroprevalence levels detected are high when compared with those found in similar studies.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PELAKSANAAN INFORMED CONSENT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSUD DR M.YUNUS BENGKULU TAHUN 2011

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Septiyanti Septiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Almost All

Informed consent is an agreement by the patient to receive the treatment of or after the procedure provides more information, including the benefits and risks of treatment, alternative treatment, and prognosis. Based on the experiences during the service-man research at the Regional General Hospital (Hospital) Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu nurse practitioner nursing action, just tell the nurse will be nursing actions and explain the aims of action, then ask for approval. So most patients and families do not know the side effects of actions, alternatives, risks and prognosis Tinda her. The study design was cross-sectional. Study sample were all nurses in the inpatient implementers: Jasmine, Chrysanthemum, and Lotus Hospital Flamboyan M Yunus Bengkulu in 2011, totaling 95 people. Univariate analysis was done with the frequency distribution, the bivariate chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression models of multiple confounding. The results showed that almost all (76.8%) gave informed concent is not complete. Only leadership style variable-gammer mempu significant association with the implementation of informed consent (p = 0.02). Only the age variable to be confounding variables. Expected to carry out the briefing room head every morning with the nurse practitioner, the more stressed implementation of informed consent on each will implement nursing actions.

scholarly journals Exercise Counseling by Primary Care Physicians in Jordan—A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272094694
Author(s):  
Othman Beni Yonis ◽  
Rami Saadeh ◽  
Zaher Chamseddin ◽  
Hussam Alananzeh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Exercise Counseling ◽  
Chi Square Test

Despite the value of physical activity and exercise to patients, little is known about the perception and practices of Jordanian primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding counseling patients about exercise. This study was aimed at assessing counseling about exercise by PCPs in Jordan. A cross-sectional study targeting a random sample of physicians from family medicine, internal medicine and general practice in academic, public, and private sectors. Chi-square test of independence was used to assess the association of perceptions and practices of physicians regarding exercise counseling with their specialty. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of demographic information with selected items of perception and practice. A total of 218 physicians participated in the study. They were mainly males (67%), family medicine physicians (42.2%), and had a mean age of 33.7 (±9.87) years. Most physicians believed that less than half of patients will start exercising (91.3%) or will continue exercising if they were repeatedly counseled at follow-up visits (85.4%). Family medicine physicians counseled more patients, more frequently, and their desire to counsel more patients was significantly higher than other physicians ( P = .002). The Perceptions and practices of Jordanian PCPs toward exercise counseling for their patients were found positive; however the desire to counsel more patients was low. Lack of patients’ motivation to practice exercise, time constraint and limited resources were the most frequently reported barriers to counseling. Further investigation on how to overcome such barriers is recommended.

scholarly journals Portuguese Nurses’ Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Reduction Strategies during the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3490
Author(s):  
Lara Guedes de Pinho ◽  
Francisco Sampaio ◽  
Carlos Sequeira ◽  
Laetitia Teixeira ◽  
César Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Chi Square Test

The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to mental health problems worldwide. Nurses are particularly prone to stress because they directly care for individuals with suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. The aims of this study were (a) to explore the association between the mental health promotion strategies used by nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak and their symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress; (b) to compare the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress of mental health nurses to those of non-mental health nurses; and (c) to compare the frequency of use of mental health strategies of mental health nurses to those of non-mental health nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 821 nurses. Univariate and multivariate regression models were developed to identify potential protective factors of depression, anxiety, and stress. The chi-square test was also used to compare the use of strategies among mental health and non-mental health nurses. Portuguese nurses demonstrated high symptoms of depressive symptoms, stress, and anxiety. Healthy eating, physical activity, rest between shifts, maintaining social contacts, verbalizing feelings/emotions, and spending less time searching for information about COVID-19 were associated with better mental health. Mental health nurses had less depression, anxiety, and stress, and used more strategies to promote mental health than other nurses. We consider it important to promote nurses’ mental health literacy by encouraging them to develop skills and strategies aimed at improving their resilience and ability to deal with difficult situations while caring for the population.

scholarly journals Occupational health hazards and safety practices among the workers of tannery industry in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiul Islam ◽  
Md Shakhaoat Hossain ◽  
Md Abu Bakkar Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Tannery Workers ◽  
The Government

In Bangladesh, workers of the tannery industries are commonly affected with several health hazards. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of health problems of the tannery workers, and to find out the factors associated with those health problems. A cross sectional studywas conducted on 316 general tannery workers (who work with raw hides and chemicals only) from 22 different tanneries in Hazaribagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A standardized, structured face to face interviewer-administered close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression models and chi-square test. Around 63.3% of workers were affected with at least one health problems. Majority of the workers were suffering from skin problem (25.3%), gastrointestinal problem (8.5%), chronic headache (8.2%), allergies (5.7%), respiratory system problem (6.3%), cardiovascular problem (6.3%) and eye problem (3.5%). Only 36.7% respondents used personal protective equipment (PPE). The tanneries did not have any effluents or wastes treatment facilities. Smoking and monthly low household income were significantly associated with the morbidity of the tannery workers. The government should take adequate measures to mitigate the health hazards in the tannery industry.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 13-22, 2017 (June)

scholarly journals Exploring Health Literacy in Wuhan, China: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mei ◽  
Qing Zhong ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Yuanxia Huang ◽  
Junlin Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background: In recent years, research on health literacy has become increasingly concerned with the health care system and public health. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate health literacy and analyse the risk factors that affect health literacy in Wuhan, China. Methods: Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5304 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 from 204 monitoring points in 15 districts of Wuhan. Using the Chinese citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) (2018 edition), a face-to-face survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Risk factors that may affect health literacy were assessed by Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models. Results: The knowledge rate of health literacy was relatively low (19.3%). Of the three aspects of health literacy, the knowledge rate of health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL, 17.3%) was the lowest, and of the six dimensions of health literacy, the knowledge rate of chronic diseases (CD, 19.0%) was the lowest. Respondents who lived in urban areas, had higher education levels, worked as medical staff, had higher household income and did not suffer from chronic diseases were likely to have higher health literacy. Conclusions: The health literacy levels of citizens in Wuhan are insufficient and need to improve.

Smoking and drug use among students of a medical university in Iran; prevalence and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Ghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Pooyan Jadidfard ◽  
Mehrdad Asgharian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background: Drug abuse is a critical health problem of human society. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of drug abuse among students in one of the medical universities of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2016 among a convenient sample of 800 undergraduate students from a medical university in the capital of Iran. Data were gathered by means of a self-administered questionnaire inquiring students’ age, gender, marital status, home city, living status, and drug used including history, frequency and types. Statistical evaluation included the Chi-square test and logistic regression models. Results: respondents’ mean age was 23.5; 67% were men, and 70% were single. Totally, 15% of the students reported to smoke cigarette and ≤6% use other drugs; more men than women (p<0.01). Alcohol use reported by 7% of the students more women than men (p=0.02). Older students, those spending their free time alone, and those without a job more frequently (p≤0.001) reported using all types of the drugs. Conclusion: The majority of the studied students did not report drug abuse. Considering the critical responsibilities of health care students, the prevalence is, however, needs to be reduced even further with purposeful preventive programs.

scholarly journals Alcohol use among 15–16-year-old adolescents in Estonia, 2003–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pärna ◽  
D Kudre ◽  
S Vorobjov
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Alcohol Availability ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background Alcohol is one of the most common psychoactive substances used by adolescents. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of alcohol use in 2003-2015 and to analyse association of alcohol use with family- and school-related factors, other risk behaviors, and perceived alcohol availability. Methods This study was based on data of 15-16-year-old adolescents (n = 9559) from the cross-sectional studies of European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs conducted in Estonia in 2003-2015. Prevalence of past 30-day alcohol use was calculated for each study year. Chi-square test for trend was used to assess statistically significant changes of alcohol use over the study period. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse association between alcohol use and study year, family- and school-related factors, risk behaviors, and perceived alcohol availability. Fully adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results In 2003-2015, alcohol use decreased significantly among adolescents in Estonia (p &lt; 0.001). In 2015, the prevalence of alcohol use was 36.1% (95% CI 33.4 − 38.8) among boys and 39.1% (95% CI 36.3 − 41.8) among girls. Fully adjusted logistic regression models showed that alcohol use among boys and girls was statistically significantly associated with study year, lower parental awareness where the child spends Saturday evenings, skipping the lessons, smoking, cannabis use and easy access to alcohol. Alcohol use was associated with lower socioeconomic status of the family and with unusual family structure among girls only. Compared to the first study year, alcohol use was lower in the last study year (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.43 − 0.64 among boys, OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.38 − 0.56 among girls). Conclusions In order to continue reduction of alcohol use among adolescents, the health promotion interventions should take into account the factors related to alcohol use in Estonia. Key messages Alcohol use decreased among adolescents in Estonia in 2003–2015. Alcohol use was associated with study year, family- and school-related factors, other risk behaviors and perceived alcohol availability.

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