scholarly journals Relationship of Changes in Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Characteristics over One Season, Biological Maturity Status and Injury Risk in Elite Youth Ski Racers: A Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Steidl-Müller ◽  
Carolin Hildebrandt ◽  
Erich Müller ◽  
Christian Raschner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Biological Maturity ◽  
Ski Racers

Alpine ski racing is a sport with a high risk of injuries. In order to contribute to the longitudinal career development of young athletes, prevention measures should be elaborated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate prospectively the role of biological maturity status, and changes in anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness parameters over one season in elite youth ski racers younger than 15 years. Eighty-nine elite youth ski racers (39 females, 50 males), aged 10–14 years (mean age: 12.1 ± 1.3), were investigated. Anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness parameters were assessed prior and after the winter season; traumatic and overuse injuries were recorded over the 32 weeks. Binary logistic regression analyses (R² = 0.202–0.188) revealed that the biological maturity (Wald = 4.818; p = 0.028), and changes over the season in the jump agility test (Wald = 4.692; p = 0.03), in body height (Wald = 6.229; p = 0.013), and in leg length (Wald = 4.321; p = 0.038) represented significant injury risk factors. Athletes who could improve their jump agility performance more, had smaller changes in the anthropometric characteristics and who were closer to their peak height velocity were at a lower injury risk. In the context of injury prevention, regular neuromuscular training should be incorporated, and phases of rapid growth have to be considered.

Does Predicted Age At Peak Height Velocity Explain Physical Performance In U13-15 Basketball Female Players?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Gryko ◽  
Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk ◽  
Anna Kopiczko ◽  
Jorge Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
Alberto Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Basic Body ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The aims of the study were (i) to identify the physical fitness and basic anthropometric characteristics of Polish female basketball players aged 13 to 15 years, (ii) to show the effect of maturity timing on the performance in motor tests and basic body composition parameters, (iii) to identify the index that contributes most to the prediction of performance in the tests of speed, jumping ability, agility, and endurance. Methods: The sample included 925 female Polish players (U13-15). In part 1, maturity timing category distribution were examined within across age-groups. In part 2, the relationship between the anthropometric variables, physical fitness performance was assessed based on maturity timing categories (ANCOVA analysis). In part 3, backward stepwise multiple regression analyse quantified the relationship between maturity timing (group of PHV) and physical performance.Results: ANCOVA results (age, body height, and body mass as covariates) showed in the U13 female basketball players significantly higher sprinting (20m), jumping ability and endurance tests results of the PHV1 group.Better results was observed in U14 female players in PHV1 compared to PHV2 and PHV3 in 20m and jumping tests but opposite trend was observed for 5m sprint and endurance test (distance covered and VO2max). U15 basketball players from the PHV3 group were characterized by better results of jumping abilities, endurance, 10m and 20m sprint and agility (total, S4) tests. Maturity timing (10m), chronological age (5 m, 20 m, agility, SVJ, VJ, and VO2max tests), body height (10m), body mass (10m, 20m, VJ, VO2max), and the interaction between body mass and height (SVJ) were significant (adjusted R2 = 0.02-0.10; p < 0.001) predictors of motor skills. Conclusion: The results can help the coaches to personalize training programs and to adapt the training content to the biological age of the players.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL FITNESS PARAMETERS OF FIGURE SKATING ATHLETESi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Kutlay ◽  
Fehime Haslofça ◽  
Ercan Haslofça
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medicine Ball

In order to monitor training effects and physical developments in elite sports, it may be beneficial to perform anthropometric measurements and physical fitness tests regularly. In this study, the relationship between the anthropometric properties and physical fitness values of elite figure skating athletes were investigated. 21 elite athletes in the 11-16 age group, female (n=12) and male (n=9), participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements were taken in accordance with The International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol. Σ6 and Σ8 skinfold thickness, body fat ratio (BF%), body mass index (BMI), Manouvrier Index (MI), waist/hip ratio and somatotype components in girls Group II, III and in boys Group II were calculated. Also, balance, flexibility, handgrip strength, vertical jump, agility, medicine ball overhead back throw, speed, and endurance tests were applied to all groups. Descriptive statistical analyzes were made using the IBM SPSS 25.0 statistics program. The relationship between variables was calculated by the Pearson Correlation coefficient. The significance level was taken as p<0.01 and p<0.05. In boys, body weight, body height and arm span, sitting height, BMI, humerus breadth and foot length were observed to be associated with all physical fitness parameters (p<0.01, p<0.05), except balance and agility; Girth measurements were related to handgrip strength, vertical jump, overhead medicine ball backward throw, speed and endurance (p<0.01, p<0.05). Negative relationships of the endomorphic feature with flexibility and endurance were determined (p<0.05). In girls, it was found that body weight, body height, and arm span, sitting height and BMI were related to flexibility, handgrip strength, medicine ball overhead back throw (p<0.01, p<0.05); girth measurements were found to be related to flexibility, handgrip strength, vertical jump, overhead medicine ball back throw (p<0.01, p<0.05); also, significant correlations (p<0.01, p<0.05) were found between the handgrip strength and breadth measurements. Assessment of the relationship between morphological features and motor skills with specific field tests and standardized tests performed at regular intervals in athletes can contribute to the athletes' selection and training planning of the relevant federations and orientating towards their goals.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0629/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Composition and Physical Fitness Parameters in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebahat Eler
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between body composition and physical fitness parameters in children. 286 male and 311 female students have voluntarily participated in the study. Data on body composition have been obtained through the measurements of the students’ height, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, length (sitting height, arm length, forearm length, leg length, thigh lengths), circumference (elbow, shoulder, biceps (flexion) , buttock, knee, waist, calf, ankle). For somatotype characteristics, the Heat-Carter somatotype grading method has been used. The Sit-Reach Flexibility Test (cm) has been used to determine the characteristic of flexibility; the 20 m. Speed Test (seconds) to determine speed; the 20 m. Sit-up test to determine endurance; Takkei hand dynamometer to determine right-left hand grip strength; Takkei back and lift dynamometer for leg strength and the Flamingo Balance Test for balance have been used. In the analysis of data, the SPSS 16 software has been used and T test and Pearson correlation test have been carried out (p&lt;0.05). Between the body composition and physical fitness parameters of female and male students, a statistically significant relationship has been found with the exception of age, arm and waist measurements (p&lt;0.05). In both genders, positive or negative relationships have been found between height, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and performance tests (p&lt;0.05). It was found that there is a negative or positive relationship between the heights, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and their strength, endurance, speed, flexibility and balance characteristics of female and male children aged 10-12. As a result, it has been seen that the body composition of children aged 10-12 affects the physical fitness parameters. Children in this age group which is both a period of growth and development and skills selection period for numerous sports branches should regularly be followed by their physical education teachers, anthropometric measurements and performance tests should be carried out and the children should be directed towards suitable sports branches.

scholarly journals Lower Physical Fitness Is Associated with Injuries in Iranian National Futsal Teams: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Angoorani ◽  
Zohreh Haratian ◽  
Hamedreza Farmanara ◽  
Paniz Jahani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Training

Background: Several studies have investigated risk factors for injury in different sports. However, little scientific information is available in relation to futsal injuries. Objectives: This study prospectively analyzed the influence of physical fitness parameters on the occurrence of futsal injuries in Iranian national teams. Methods: Prior to the season, all 55 players of 3 Iranian national futsal teams took part in a series of tests for physical fitness parameters such as cardio-respiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, flexibility, agility, and speed. Team physicians recorded all injuries, medical attention, and time loss due to the injury throughout the match and training sessions. Results: During 18 months, 54 futsal injuries were sustained by 32 players. Injured players had poorer performance at baseline in agility, speed, and vertical jump than players who did not incur an injury during the season. Lower maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) values were associated with a higher injury risk. No differences between injured and uninjured players were observed in age, anthropometric data, flexibility, and lower extremity strength. Conclusions: Some physical fitness parameters were associated with the risk of injuries in futsal. Therefore, improving physical fitness might help to reduce the number of futsal injuries.

Physical fitness of people with moderate and considerable intellectual disabilities

Physiotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Ślężyńska ◽  
Grzegorz Mięsok ◽  
Kamila Mięsok
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Abdominal Muscle Strength

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of the physical activity of the intellectually disabled is the strengthening of health, creating movement habits, promoting active recreation, and maintaining exercise capacity. Skillfully applied physical activity allows to mitigate the effects of pathology and create the compensations to enable the intellectually disabled people to live relatively independently. Physical activity and sport also increase their chances to integrate with their families, peers, and social environment.Materials and methods: The research targeted a group of 134 people with moderate or considerable intellectual disability (65 women and 69 men), aged 20-53 years, who participated in occupational therapy workshops in Jastrzębie Zdrój, Rybnik, and Żory. Physical fitness was assessed using the “Eurofit Special” test and balance tests. Measurements of body height and mass were also taken and then used to calculate the body mass index (BMI).Results: A salient somatic trait was the greater body mass relative to height among the persons with considerable disability, clearly illustrated by the BMI. This explained their greater heaviness in performing physical exercises. An even greater difference between participants with moderate and considerable intellectual disability was visible in physical fitness. Obviously, older persons did not achieve as good results in fitness tests as the younger ones, yet the participants were more differentiated by the level of disability than age. Most symptomatic differences to the disadvantage of the considerably disabled were observed in explosive strength, speed, abdominal muscle strength, and flexibility.Conclusions: Significant differences in fitness between the compared groups make it necessary to take into account the level of intellectual disability in the course of physical education and sport, at work, and in household duties.

scholarly journals Examination of Construct Validity and Criterion-Related Validity of the German Motor Test in Egyptian Schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8341
Author(s):  
Osama Abdelkarim ◽  
Julian Fritsch ◽  
Darko Jekauc ◽  
Klaus Bös
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Order ◽  
Motor Test ◽  
Health Related

Physical fitness is an indicator for children’s public health status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the construct validity and the criterion-related validity of the German motor test (GMT) in Egyptian schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 931 children aged 6 to 11 years (age: 9.1 ± 1.7 years) with 484 (52%) males and 447 (48%) females in grades one to five in Assiut city. The children’s physical fitness data were collected using GMT. GMT is designed to measure five health-related physical fitness components including speed, strength, coordination, endurance, and flexibility of children aged 6 to 18 years. The anthropometric data were collected based on three indicators: body height, body weight, and BMI. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with IBM SPSS AMOS 26.0 using full-information maximum likelihood. The results indicated an adequate fit (χ2 = 112.3, df = 20; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.07). The χ2-statistic showed significant results, and the values for CFI and RMSEA showed a good fit. All loadings of the manifest variables on the first-order latent factors as well as loadings of the first-order latent factors on the second-order superordinate factor were significant. The results also showed strong construct validity in the components of conditioning abilities and moderate construct validity in the components of coordinative abilities. GMT proved to be a valid method and could be widely used on large-scale studies for health-related fitness monitoring in the Egyptian population.

scholarly journals Effect of recreational beach tennis on ambulatory blood pressure and physical fitness in hypertensive individuals (BAH study): rationale and study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferrari ◽  
◽  
Leandro de Oliveira Carpes ◽  
Lucas Betti Domingues ◽  
Alexandre Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Recreational Beach ◽  
Fitness Parameters

Abstract Background Different physical activities are widely recommended as non-pharmacological therapies to reduce blood pressure. However, the effectiveness of exercise programs is associated with its continuity and regularity, and the long-term adherence to traditional exercise interventions is often low. Recreational sports emerge as an alternative, being more captivating and able to retain individuals for longer periods. Besides, sport interventions have demonstrated improvements in physical fitness components that are associated with a lower incidence of hypertension. However, no studies have investigated the effects of recreational sports on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of beach tennis training on ambulatory blood pressure and physical fitness in individuals with hypertension. Methods This study will be a randomized, single-blinded, two-arm, parallel, and superiority trial. Forty-two participants aged 35–65 years with previous diagnosis of hypertension will be randomized to 12 weeks of beach tennis training group (two sessions per week lasting 45–60 min) or a non-exercising control group. Ambulatory (primary outcome) and office blood pressures, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength/power and quality of life will be assessed at baseline and after the intervention period. Discussion Our conceptual hypothesis is that beach tennis training will reduce ambulatory blood pressure and improve fitness parameters in middle-aged individuals with hypertension. The results of this trial are expected to provide evidences of efficacy of recreational beach tennis practice on blood pressure management and to support sport recommendations for clinical scenario in higher risk populations. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03909321. Registered on April 10, 2019.

scholarly journals Does obesity persist from childhood to adolescence? A 4-year prospective cohort study of chinese students in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Yuet-ling Tung ◽  
Frederick Ka-wing Ho ◽  
Keith Tsz-suen Tung ◽  
Rosa Sze-man Wong ◽  
Wilfred Hing-sang Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Award Scheme

Abstract Background Little is known about the progression of obesity from childhood to adolescence. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the obesity status in a cohort of children across their childhood and adolescence, and to identify the factors associated with persistent obesity. Methods The study used data from School Physical Fitness Award Scheme (SPFAS), a population-based programme in Hong Kong primary and secondary schools. Students were included if they participated in the SPFAS in both 2014 (Primary 1 and 2) and 2018 (Primary 5 and 6). Their anthropometric and physical fitness parameters were analyzed. Results A total of 18,863 students were included. The baseline prevalence of obesity was 5.7 %. After 4 years, the prevalence increased to 6.7 %. Among those with obesity at baseline, 35.3 % remained obese after 4 years. The addition of baseline physical fitness level did not improve the prediction for persistent obesity. Conclusions One-third of obese students in junior primary school remained to be obese into adolescence. Their baseline physical fitness level did not improve the predictive value for future obesity. Further studies should investigate the prognostic factors that may influence the natural course of childhood obesity.

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