scholarly journals Level of Pollution on Surrounding Environment from Landfill Aftercare

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Baziene ◽  
Ina Tetsman ◽  
Ramune Albrektiene
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Single Chemical ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentrations ◽  
Closed Landfill

This work examines how the pollution from landfill aftercare effect the surrounding area and water basins. The subject of the study was a closed landfill where waste was disposed of without any accounting and operation of the landfill. During the study, soil, surface water, and sediment samples were taken over a two-year period. The data obtained compared with the maximum allowable concentrations established in the Northern part of Lithuania. The water sampling sites were selected taking into account the direction of the water flow, and the landfill was found to influence the water quality. Within 500 meters before the landfill, heavy metals and metalloid concentrations did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations (Pb ≤ 20 µg/L; Ni ≤ 40 µg/L; Cr ≤ 100 µg/L; Cu ≤ 100 µg/L and As ≤ 20 µg/L). Soil and water sediment contamination factor and contamination level were determined for each metal and metalloid individually, which showed that as a single chemical element and its compounds none of them pose any danger to the environment. A different situation can be seen when calculating the total level of contamination, taking into account all pollutants classified as very hazardous, Zd > 10. The results showed that monitoring (of surface water, including soil) and investigations, helping to reduce negative environmental impact, should be continued in the closed landfill.

Raindrop driven erosion – what is in the black box ?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kinnell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Raindrop Impact ◽  
Rainfall Erosion

<p>Raindrop driven erosion – what is in the black box ?</p><p>P.I.A. Kinnell</p><p>Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia</p><p>Many experiments applying rainfall to produce erosion on soil surfaces consider the inputs and outputs in a black box situation where little or no consideration is given to the actual mechanisms controlling erosion. It is well known that rainfall erosion is caused by raindrop impact and flow forces acting singly or together. Raindrops impacting directly or through surface water detaches soil material from where it is held within the soil surface by cohesion and inter-particle friction  and erosion occurs if the detached material is transported away from the site of detachment. The movement of detached material downslope may be in the air by splash or more importantly in surface water flows where raindrop impact may induce coarse sediment may to move when sediment transport normally associated with undisturbed flow does not occur. These transport processes vary in space and time during laboratory and field experiments. How this influences the amounts of soil loss during these experiments is the subject of  this presentation .</p>

scholarly journals Екологічні аспекти впливу полігонів твердих побутових відходів на агроландшафт, водне середовище та атмосферне повітря

2016 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
А. В. Молчанова
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
The Subject

В умовах структурної перебудови економіки України, впровадження нових способів, методів та форм господарювання призводить до зростання кількості сучасних промислових та продовольчих товарів для населення і, відповідно, до зростання утворення твердих побутових відходів. У процесі розвитку цивілізації людство неминуче перетворює свою планету на величезний смітник, а природа не має механізмів утилізації і знищення відходів, вироблених суспільством, тому останні накопичуються в біосфері у геометричній прогресії. На даний час проблема поводження з відходами знаходиться поруч з охороною навколишнього середовища від забруднення хімічними та біологічними компонентами, що постійно присутні в них, а також із захистом здоров’я населення, яке перебуває в зоні їхнього безпосереднього чи непрямого впливу. Проблема поводження з відходами є однією з ключових екологічних проблем, і усе більш вагомою в ресурсному аспекті. Полігони твердих побутових відходів – типовий приклад антропогенної діяльності. Для них характерні низка ознак хімічного забруднення ґрунтів, поверхневих, ґрунтових та підземних вод, рослинних груп, атмосферного повітря, які є об'єктами різноманітних екологічних досліджень. In terms of economic restructuring of Ukraine, new ways, methods and forms of management leads to a growing number of modern industrial and food for the population and, consequently, the growth of solid waste. In the development of human civilization inevitably turns our planet into a huge trash, and nature has no mechanisms of recycling and disposal of waste produced by society because last one accumulates in the biosphere exponentially. Currently, the issue of waste management is next to the environmental pollution from chemical and biological components that are constantly present in them, as well as the protection of public health, which are in the zone of their direct or indirect influence. The problem of waste is a key environmental issues, and all more significant in terms of resource. Landfill – a typical example of human activities. They are characterized by a number of signs of chemical contamination of soil, surface water, soil and groundwater, plant groups of air that are the subject of various environmental studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Digestate and Straw Combined Application on Maintaining Rice Production and Paddy Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5714
Author(s):  
Xue Hu ◽  
Hongyi Liu ◽  
Chengyu Xu ◽  
Xiaomin Huang ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Combined Application

Few studies have focused on the combined application of digestate and straw and its feasibility in rice production. Therefore, we conducted a two-year field experiment, including six treatments: without nutrients and straw (Control), digestate (D), digestate + fertilizer (DF), digestate + straw (DS), digestate + fertilizer + straw (DFS) and conventional fertilizer + straw (CS), to clarify the responses of rice growth and paddy soil nutrients to different straw and fertilizer combinations. Our results showed that digestate and straw combined application (i.e., treatment DFS) increased rice yield by 2.71 t ha−1 compared with the Control, and digestate combined with straw addition could distribute more nitrogen (N) to rice grains. Our results also showed that the straw decomposition rate at 0 cm depth under DS was 5% to 102% higher than that under CS. Activities of catalase, urease, sucrase and phosphatase at maturity under DS were all higher than that under both Control and CS. In addition, soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) under DS and DFS were 20~26% and 11~12% higher than that under B and DF respectively, suggesting straw addition could benefit paddy soil quality. Moreover, coupling straw and digestate would contribute to decrease the N content in soil surface water. Overall, our results demonstrated that digestate and straw combined application could maintain rice production and have potential positive paddy environmental effects.

Effects of compaction on soil surface water repellency

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bryant ◽  
S. H. Doerr ◽  
G. Hunt ◽  
S. Conan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Repellency

Soil, surface water and ground water phosphorus relationships in a partially harvested Boreal Plain aspen catchment

2005 ◽  
Vol 206 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 315-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Macrae ◽  
T.E. Redding ◽  
I.F. Creed ◽  
W.R. Bell ◽  
K.J. Devito
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Soil Surface

scholarly journals Metal Pollution Assessment of Surface Water in the Emission Field of the Slovinky Tailing Impoundment (Slovakia)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3143
Author(s):  
Danica Fazekašová ◽  
Juraj Fazekaš ◽  
Lenka Štofejová
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
Tailing Impoundment ◽  
Guideline Value

The focus of this work is on the evaluation of selected water quality indicators as per the applicable regulations, taking into account European and national legislation and the evaluation of the risk of contamination of surface waters with toxic elements using the contamination factor (Cfi) and the degree of pollution (Cd). The studied area of Slovinky is an important ore region, with rich deposits of copper and silver ores that have been mined for centuries. One of the most important remnants of mining activities in this area is the Slovinky tailing impoundment. The sludge pond area has an area of 15 ha, and the height of the dam is 113 metres above sea level, which makes the sludge pond one of the tallest water structures in Slovakia. The Slovinský creek was monitored in the years 2010, 2011, and 2019 at five sampling points, which were selected to map the entire length of the water flow from the source to the estuary to the river Hornád. Risk elements (As, Cu, Cd, and Fe) and physicochemical parameters (such as temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, conductivity, resistivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, NaCl, redox potential, and pH) were included in this study and evaluated according to applicable regulations, taking into account European legislation (Act No. 269/2010 Coll., guideline value WHO 2011). The results of the experimental studies showed that the highest values of As and Cu were measured at the site where drainage waters from the Slovinky tailing impoundment and mining water of the Alžbeta shaft flow into the creek. The concentration of As exceeded the limit value by up to 31 times and the concentration of Cu 16.8–134.5 times. At the same time, the highest values of conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, and NaCl were found, and there was no acidification of water at the site that had the highest pollution. Water contamination was assessed based on Cfi and Cd; our findings showed that the surface water from the site of contamination, along the entire length of the stream, was very highly contaminated with risk elements in the order of As > Fe > Cu, and the level of contamination decreased with distance from the site of contamination. Our research shows that seepage of toxic substances from sludge ponds and abandoned mines has caused the requirements for the quality of surface water of the Slovinský creek not to be met. In connection with mining activities, surface streams act as a transport medium through which other components of the environment can be polluted.

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