scholarly journals Effect of Particulate Matter Exposure on Respiratory Health of e-Waste Workers at Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afua Asabea Amoabeng Nti ◽  
John Arko-Mensah ◽  
Paul K. Botwe ◽  
Duah Dwomoh ◽  
Lawrencia Kwarteng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pm 2.5

Background: Direct and continuous exposure to particulate matter (PM), especially in occupational settings is known to impact negatively on respiratory health and lung function. Objective: To determine the association between concentrations of PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) in breathing zone and lung function of informal e-waste workers at Agbogbloshie. Methods: To evaluate lung function responses to PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm), we conducted a longitudinal cohort study with three repeated measures among 207 participants comprising 142 healthy e-waste workers from Agbogbloshie scrapyard and 65 control participants from Madina-Zongo in Accra, Ghana from 2017–2018. Lung function parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and FEF 25-75) and PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) concentrations were measured, corresponding to prevailing seasonal variations. Socio-demographic data, respiratory exposures and lifestyle habits were determined using questionnaires. Random effects models were then used to examine the effects of PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) on lung function. Results: The median concentrations of PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) were all consistently above the WHO ambient air standards across the study waves. Small effect estimates per IQR of PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) on lung function parameters were observed even after adjustment for potential confounders. However, a 10 µg increase in PM (2.5, 2.5–10 and 10 µm) was associated with decreases in PEF and FEF 25–75 by 13.3% % [β = −3.133; 95% CI: −0.243, −0.022) and 26.6% [β = −0.266; 95% CI: −0.437, 0.094]. E-waste burning and a history of asthma significantly predicted a decrease in PEF by 14.2% [β = −0.142; 95% CI: −0.278, −0.008) and FEV1 by 35.8% [β = −0.358; 95% CI: −0.590, 0.125] among e-waste burners. Conclusions: Direct exposure of e-waste workers to PM predisposes to decline in lung function and risk for small airway diseases such as asthma and COPD.

scholarly journals Particulate matter in ambient air and its association with alterations in lung functions and respiratory health problems among outdoor exercisers in National Capital Region, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran ◽  
Ritul Kamal ◽  
Vipin Bihari ◽  
Manoj Kumar Pathak ◽  
Amarnath Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Lung Functions ◽  
National Capital

scholarly journals Personal exposure to particulate matter and heart rate variability among informal electronic waste workers at Agbogbloshie: a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afua A. Amoabeng Nti ◽  
Thomas G. Robins ◽  
John Arko Mensah ◽  
Duah Dwomoh ◽  
Lawrencia Kwarteng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Informal electronic waste recycling activities are major contributors to ambient air pollution, yet studies assessing the effects or relationship between direct/continuous exposure of informal e-waste workers to particulate matter and cardiovascular function are rare. Methods Repeated measurements of fractions of PM2.5, PM10–2.5, and PM10 in personal air of informal e-waste workers, (n = 142) and a comparable group (n = 65) were taken over a period of 20 months (March 2017 to November, 2018). Concurrently, 5-min resting electrocardiogram was performed on each participant to assess resting heart rate variability indices. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the association between PM fractions and cardiac function. Results SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF and LH/HF ratio were all associated with PM. Significant associations were observed for PM2.5 and Mean NN (p = 0.039), PM10 and SDNN (p = 0.035) and PM 10–2.5 and LH/HF (p = 0.039). A 10 μg/m3 increase in the concentrations of PM 2.5, PM10–2.5, and PM10 in personal air was associated with reduced HRV indices and increased resting HR. A 10 μg/m3 per interquartile (IQR) increase in PM10–2.5 and PM10, decreased SDNN by 11% [(95% CI: − 0.002- 0.000); (p = 0.187)] and 34% [(95% CI: − 0.002-0.001); (p = 0.035)] respectively. However, PM2.5 increased SDNN by 34% (95% CI: − 1.32-0.64); (p = 0.493). Also, 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10–2.5 and PM10 decreased RMSSD by 27% [(− 1.34–0.79); (p = 0.620)], 11% [(− 1.73, 0.95); (p = 0.846)] and 0.57% [(− 1.56–0.46); (p = 0.255%)]. Conclusion Informal e-waste workers are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease from cardiac autonomic dysfunction as seen in reduced HRV and increased heart rate.

scholarly journals Air pollution interventions and respiratory health: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saleh ◽  
W. Shepherd ◽  
C. Jewell ◽  
N. L. Lam ◽  
J. Balmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Exposure Reduction ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure

BACKGROUND: Indoor and ambient air pollution exposure is a major risk to respiratory health worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Interventional trials have mainly focused on alternatives to cooking stoves, with mixed results. Beyond cooking, additional sources of particulate matter also contribute to the burden of air pollution exposure. This review explores evidence from current randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the clinical effectiveness of interventions to reduce particulate matter in LMICs.METHODS: Twelve databases and the grey literature (e.g., Government reports and policy papers) were searched. Eligible studies were RCTs conducted in LMICs aiming to reduce particulate exposure from any source and reporting on at least one clinical respiratory outcome (respiratory symptoms, lung function or clinical diagnoses). Data from relevant studies were systematically extracted, the risk of bias assessed and narrative synthesis provided.RESULTS: Of the 14 included studies, 12 tested ‘improved' cookstoves, most using biomass, but solar and bioethanol cookers were also included. One trial used solar lamps and another was an integrated intervention incorporating behavioural and environmental components for the treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Of the six studies reporting child pneumonia outcomes, none demonstrated significant benefit in intention-to-treat analysis. Ten studies reported respiratory symptom outcomes with some improvements seen, but self-reporting made these outcomes highly vulnerable to bias. Substantial inter-study clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluded calculation of pooled effect estimates.CONCLUSION: Evidence from the RCTs performed to date suggests that individual household-level interventions for air pollution exposure reduction have limited benefits for respiratory health. More comprehensive approaches to air pollution exposure reduction must be developed so their potential health benefits can be assessed.

Numerical assessment of the effect of cigarette smoking on indoor PM2.5 distribution and study of ventilation strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheshu Ma ◽  
Shaozhe Sun
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Ventilation Strategy ◽  
Displacement Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Indoor Particulate Matter

Elevated concentration of indoor particulate matter (PM) has been linked to adverse effects on human health. To explore how particles from cigarette smoke affect the indoor PM2.5 concentration and whether such circumstance is harmful to people, distribution characteristics of indoor particulate matter in a typical residence with a smoker were numerically studied under different ventilation strategies. The indoor PM2.5 concentration without forced ventilation was shown to far exceed the air quality standard of 75 µg/m3 as recommended by the World Health Organization. In this study, we numerically investigated the performances of the mixing and displacement ventilation strategies in reducing indoor particle levels. Different airflow patterns could significantly influence the movement and deposition of particles in ventilated rooms, even with the same air change rate and particle characteristics. When comparing with the mixing ventilation strategy, the displacement ventilation strategy was shown to have a lower deposition mass and a larger portion of particles leaving the room. Thus, the average indoor PM2.5 concentration in the displacement ventilation strategy was shown to be higher than the mixing ventilation strategy. In spite of this, low particle concentration in the personnel’s breathing zone was shown by our measurement. Displacement ventilation strategy could provide a cleaner ambient air than the mixing one.

scholarly journals Gender Disparity in Lung Function Abnormalities among a Population Exposed to Particulate Matter Concentration in Ambient Air in the National Capital Region, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran ◽  
Vipin Bihari ◽  
Balram Singh Pangtey ◽  
Ritul Kamal ◽  
Amarnath Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Matter Concentration

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of an open window vs. a closed window on the concentrations of suspended particulate matter in the indoors with respect to the outdoors

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Singh ◽  
Tushar Mondal ◽  
Anil Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Open Window ◽  
Indoor Particulate Matter ◽  
Pm 10

A study was conducted to see the effect of an opened window vs. a closed window in New Delhi in peak winters. This is the time when the PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations are the highest in the ambient air due to various external factors. A PM 2.5 and PM 10 air quality meter was used at a singular location near the window for 10 days with 9 readings taken during the daily working hours. Contrary to the possible conjectural belief, it was found that the window opened or closed did not have a substantial effect on the concentrations of the indoor levels of PM 2.5 and PM 10. The results showed that opening of the windows does not substantially affect the levels of the indoors with respect to the levels of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in the outdoors. Outdoors may provide the source of the particulate matter in the indoor, but due to diffusive effect, open windows play a key role in the reducing the indoor levels. This study was reconfirmed with options where the windows were opened and then closed and vice-versa. In all cases, the effect of the outdoor was not visible. To curb indoor particulate matter levels, isolation is not the solution. (200 words)

scholarly journals Trend of Particulate Matter PM 2.5 and PM 10 in Dhaka City

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rouf ◽  
M Nasiruddin ◽  
AMS Hossain ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Pm 10

Dhaka City has been affecting with severe air pollution particularly by particulate matter. The ambient air quality data for particulate matter were collected during April 2002 to September 2005 at the Continuous Air Quality Monitoring Station (CAMS) located at Sangshad Bhaban, Dhaka. Data reveal that the pollution from particulate matter greatly varies with climatic condition. While the level comes down the limit value in the monsoon period (April-October), it goes beyond the limit during non-monsoon time (November-March). The latest data show that during monsoon period PM 10 concentration varies from 50 μg/m3 to 80 μg/m3 and PM 2.5 concentration from 20 μg/m3 to 60 μg/m3 and during non monsoon period PM 10 varies from 100 μg/m3 to 250 μg/m3 and PM 2.5 varies from 70 μg/m3 to 165 μg/m3. The seasonal variation clearly indicates the severe PM 10 pollution during the dry winter season and also sometime during post-monsoon season in Dhaka City. Keywords: Air pollution; PM 2.5; PM 10; Air quality DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9049 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 389-398

scholarly journals Personal Exposure To Particulate Matter And Heart Rate Variability Among Informal Electronic Waste Workers At Agbogbloshie: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afua A. Amoabeng Nti ◽  
Thomas G. Robins ◽  
John Arko Mensah ◽  
Duah Dwomoh ◽  
Lawrencia Kwarteng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Informal electronic waste recycling activities are major contributors to ambient air pollution, yet studies assessing the effects or relationship between direct/continuous exposure of informal e-waste workers to particulate matter and cardiovascular function are rare. Methods: Repeated measurements of fractions of PM2.5, PM10-2.5, and PM10 in personal air of informal e-waste workers, (n=142) and a comparable group (n=65) were taken over a period of 20 months (March 2017 to November, 2018). Concurrently, 5-minute resting electrocardiogram was performed on each participant to assess resting heart rate variability indices. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the association between PM fractions and cardiac function.Results: SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF and LH/HF ratio were all associated with PM. Significant associations were observed for PM2.5 and MEANNN (p = 0.039), PM10 and SDNN (p = 0.035) and PM 10-2.5 and LH/HF (p = 0.039). A 10µg/m3 increase in the concentrations of PM 2.5, PM10-2.5, and PM10 in personal air was associated with reduced HRV indices and increased resting HR. A 10µg/m3 per interquartile (IQR) increase in PM10-2.5 and PM10, decreased SDNN by 11% [(95% CI: -0.002- 0.000); (p = 0.187)] and 34% [(95% CI:-0.002-0.001); (p = 0.035)] respectively. However, PM2.5 increased SDNN by 34 % (95% CI: -1.32-0.64); (p = 0.493). Also, 10µg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10-2.5 and PM10 decreased RMSSD by 27% [(-1.34-0.79); (p = 0.620)], 11% [(-1.73, 0.95); (p = 0.846)] and 0.57% [(-1.56-0.46); (p = 0.255%)]. Conclusion: Informal e-waste workers are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease from cardiac autonomic dysfunction as seen in reduced HRV and increased heart rate.

scholarly journals Ambient air particulate matter (PM10) satellite monitoring and respiratory health effects assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1247-1258
Author(s):  
Mahssa Mohebbichamkhorami ◽  
Mohsen Arbabi ◽  
Mohsen Mirzaei ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Air Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Particulate ◽  
Effects Assessment
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