scholarly journals Preliminary Assessment of Chemical Elements in Sediments and Larvae of Gomphidae (Odonata) from the Blyde River of the Olifants River System, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8135
Author(s):  
Abraham Addo-Bediako ◽  
Karabo Malakane
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
River System ◽  
Body Tissue ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
Guideline Values

Benthic macroinvertebrates and sediments can act as good indicators of environmental quality. The aim of this study was to assess the accumulation of chemical elements in the Gomphidae (Odonata) collected in the Blyde River. Seven sites were sampled for river sediments assessment and five sites for larvae (naiads) of Gomphidae bioaccumulation analysis. The tissue samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed high levels of all of the tested elements except Cd in the sediment. The mean concentrations of As, Cu and Cr exceeded the standard guideline values, whereas Pb and Zn were below the standard guideline values. In the insect body tissue, the concentrations of most elements were higher than in the sediments. The elements with the highest concentrations were Mn, Zn, Cu, and As. The bioaccumulation factor (BF) showed a tendency for bioaccumulation for almost all of the selected elements in the insect. The BF value was high for Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn (BF > 1). The high concentrations of elements in the insect body tissue may pose a risk to fish that consume them, and subsequently to humans when fish from the river are consumed. It is therefore important to monitor the river to reduce pollution to prevent health risks in humans, especially in communities that rely on the river for water and food.

scholarly journals Are Zirconia Bioceramics and Ceramics Intended to Come in Contact with Skin Inert?

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1697
Author(s):  
Lucien Reclaru ◽  
Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean ◽  
Catalin Adrian Miu ◽  
Alexandru Florian Grecu
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Monoclinic Form ◽  
To Come

Generally speaking, ceramic materials are insensitive to corrosion, compared to most other materials. The present study questions the fact that ceramics are inert. Two major aspects are to be considered: the stability of zirconia over time, the stable tetragonal phase transforming into an unstable monoclinic form; the multitude of manufacturing methods, using various additives, sintering additives, oxides mixing, impurities, grain boundaries, and porosities which strongly influence the corrosion behavior and chemical degradation. In case of the investigated ceramics two paths were pursued:a) Dissolutions of ceramics in a mixture of HNO3 60% and HF 40% ultrapure medium.b) Release of cations from ceramics in various mediums:dental bioceramics in a 0.07 M HCl medium and a 0.1% NaF+0.1% KF medium; ceramics used in jewelry and watchmaking applications in a HCl 0.07 M medium and an artificial sweat medium. By inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ICP-OES/MS), traces of significant chemical elements were assessed: Hf, Cr, Y, As, Pb, Al, Fe, Cu, Se, Sb, La, Ni, Co, Sb, Ta, Te, Ba, Sm, Nb, Hg, Cd, Sr, As and Se. In ceramics used in jewelry and watchmaking applications the concentrations found vary from one ceramic to another, including toxic elements such as Te, Ba, As, Pb, Sm, Hg and Cd, therefore being technical zirconia ceramics which are not intended for the medical field. For ceramics used in jewelry and watchmaking applications a screening identification test for Ni, Co, Cu and Fe with strips of type Merckoquant® (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA) was also performed. The obtained data prove that the zirconia ceramics in question are far from being “inert”.

scholarly journals Methods to Quantify Nickel in Soils and Plant Tissues

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 788-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Wurr Rodak ◽  
Milton Ferreira de Moraes ◽  
João Augusto Lopes Pascoalino ◽  
Adilson de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Cesar de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Tissue Samples

In comparison with other micronutrients, the levels of nickel (Ni) available in soils and plant tissues are very low, making quantification very difficult. The objective of this paper is to present optimized determination methods of Ni availability in soils by extractants and total content in plant tissues for routine commercial laboratory analyses. Samples of natural and agricultural soils were processed and analyzed by Mehlich-1 extraction and by DTPA. To quantify Ni in the plant tissues, samples were digested with nitric acid in a closed system in a microwave oven. The measurement was performed by inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). There was a positive and significant correlation between the levels of available Ni in the soils subjected to Mehlich-1 and DTPA extraction, while for plant tissue samples the Ni levels recovered were high and similar to the reference materials. The availability of Ni in some of the natural soil and plant tissue samples were lower than the limits of quantification. Concentrations of this micronutrient were higher in the soil samples in which Ni had been applied. Nickel concentration differed in the plant parts analyzed, with highest levels in the grains of soybean. The grain, in comparison with the shoot and leaf concentrations, were better correlated with the soil available levels for both extractants. The methods described in this article were efficient in quantifying Ni and can be used for routine laboratory analysis of soils and plant tissues.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals Analysis and Minerals Present in the dried used as spices: Health Risk Implication in Northern of Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2006-2013
Author(s):  
Ramal Ahmed Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

In this study, total concentrations of eleven chemical elements (Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Na, Mn, Ni, Zn, P and Mg) in common spices of Kalar city- Iraq were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. This study indicates that spices are a good source of a combination of Ca, K, Na, P and Mg. The spices, Curcuma longa, Nigella Sativa and Elettaria cardamomum were found to be very good sources of essential trace elements like Fe, Zn and Mn. The concentrations of the all elements were within the WHO and FAO permissible levels. Therefore, health risks associated with these elements indicate that people would experience no potential risks due to consumption of the spices. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals has found plenty of secondary metabolites which are present in dry plant samples. EDI values of all the metals were found to be below the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI).The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most relevant and recent findings on spices and their active compounds in terms of targets and mode of action; in particular, their potential use in food preservation and enhancement of shelf life as a natural bio ingredient. Keywords: Spices, phytochemicals, food preservative, Minerals, Ash digestion, inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry, ICP-OES.

scholarly journals Enrichment of sediments in urban rivers by heavy metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Urban Rivers

<div> <p>The heavy metals contained in sediments may be responsible for constant degradation of rivers&rsquo; water quality, which circulate in an urban environment. Therefore, this study shows the pollution index and enrichment factor for each of these elements in river sediments. It was used the optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) and total organic carbon (TOC) by dry combustion. The enrichment factor of sediments were normalized by aluminium concentration. From the point of view of toxicology, the elements Ba, Cr, Pb and Zn, and the macro chemical elements Fe, Mg and Na showed to be more significant. When used the references of local background, the enrichment percentages for Ba, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mg and Na respectively were 39.3%, 44.3%, 56.3%, 18.6%, 140.2%, 18.4% and 295%. The percentage of TOC did not exceeded the limit of 1% at any of the points of sampling. According to the main worldwide guidelines, the obtained concentrations for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in the majority of the points of sampling, are rates from which can be expected adverse effects in the aquatic environment. This occur due to theirs capacities to release these elements in the flowing. Therefore, this study are relevant scientific data to indicate the water quality of urban rivers.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF LEVELS OF TWENTY CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN NORMAL THYROID TISSUE AND HYPERTROPHIC THYROID TISSUE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zaichick
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Tissue Samples

Background: Goiter can appear as a palpable or visible enlargement of the thyroid gland at the base of the neck. If the goiter is accompanied by hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, it may be accompanied by symptoms of the underlying disorder, and nodular goiter (NG) is a health problem of international importance. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess whether there were significant changes in thyroid tissue levels of twenty chemical elements (ChE) Al, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, I, K, Li, Mg, Mn , Na, P, S, Si, Sr, V, and Zn are present in the goitrous transformed thyroid. Methods: Thyroid tissue level of twenty ChE was prospectively evaluated in 46 patients with NG and 105 healthy populations. The measurements were performed using a combination of non-destructive and destructive methods: instrumental neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, respectively.  Tissue samples were divided into two parts. One was used for morphological study while the other was for ChE analysis. Results: It was found that contents of Al, B, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Si, V, and Zn are significantly higher while the I levels are lower in NG than in normal tissues. Conclusion: There are considerable changes in ChE contents in goitrous tissue of thyroid. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that the levels of these ChE in thyroid tissue can be used as NG markers. However, this topic needs additional studies.                      Peer Review History: Received: 19 July 2021; Revised: 11 August; Accepted: 4 September, Available online: 15 September 2021 Academic Editor:  Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewers: Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected] Prof. Cyprian Ogbonna ONYEJI, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, [email protected]   Similar Articles: VITAMIN A, RETINOIC ACID AND TAMIBAROTENE, A FRONT TOWARD ITS ADVANCES: A REVIEW

scholarly journals Improvement and modification of energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence method for determination of metal elements in cement leachates - chemometric approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Nevenka Mijatovic ◽  
Anja Terzic ◽  
Lato Pezo ◽  
Ljiljana Milicic ◽  
Dragana Zivojinovic
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Fluorescence Method ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

A modification of analytical procedure for energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) quantification of ten chemical elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn) in the leachates obtained from cement binders was developed. Twenty-nine testing samples were used in the experiment. All samples were based on Portland cement. Fly ash of different origin, zeolite and bentonite were employed as mineral additives in the cement binders. Distilled water was used as leachate. Validation of the modified EDXRF procedure was conducted in terms of limits of detection and quantification, working range, linearity, selectivity, precision, trueness, and robustness. Traceability of the procedure was established using certified reference materials. Uncertainty of measurement was confirmed via ?in-house? laboratory validation approach. The expanded uncertainties for ten analysed elements were obtained for entire working range of EDXRF method. Robustness of the modified EDXRF procedure was assessed by means of chemometric in-house approach. The results obtained by modified X-ray fluorescence method were additionally correlated to those acquired by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry to confirm that EDXRF can be used as an effective and reliable alternative method for analysis of cement leachates.

scholarly journals Chemical elements in sediments and in bivalve mollusks from estuarine regions in the south of Bahia State, northeast Brazil

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. M. Santos ◽  
G. Boehs
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Bivalve Mollusks ◽  
The South ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
High Level

Abstract Estuaries receive daily inputs of chemical elements which can impact the quality of water and sediment, as well as the health of biota. In addition to the sediment, bivalve mollusks have been used in the chemical monitoring of these systems. This study investigated the presence and contents of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in superficial sediment and in bivalves (Crassostrea gasar, C. rhizophorae and Mytella guyanensis) from estuaries in the south / extreme south of Bahia State, northeast Brazil. The samples were evaluated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES, Varian 710). Except for Cd, all other elements were found in the samples, being that Co was exclusive in the sediment. The estuaries equivalent to sampling stations #1 - Valença, #2 - Taperoá, #3 - Ilhéus and #4 - Belmonte showed levels of metals compatibles with those established by the Brazilian legislation, however, the #5 - Santa Cruz Cabrália, in addition to the presence of As, presented a high level of Pb and Cu in C. gasar, which was attributed to the impacts of nautical activities in that locality.

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