“I’ve Heard of It, Yes, but I Can’t Remember What Exactly It Was”—A Qualitative Study on Awareness, Knowledge, and Use of the UV Index

Pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians play an important role in counselling customers regarding sunscreen use and sun protection measures. A potentially helpful tool that can be used during counselling is the ultraviolet index (UVI), which informs individuals when and what sun protection measures are needed at a specific place and time. Our aim in this qualitative study was to explore awareness, knowledge, and use of the UVI during counselling in pharmacies. We used semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians (n = 20) to answer our research questions. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. During the interviews pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians revealed a lot of uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding the UVI. Eight professionals were able to give a correct definition of UVI. Amongst others, the UVI was confused with sun protection factor. Overall, the UVI was hardly used during the counselling of customers. The UVI was developed to provide guidance when which type of sun protection is required to avoid detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation. For effective implementation, both the general population and health professionals (e.g., pharmacists) have to increase their knowledge about the UVI. This would strengthen its use during professional counselling in pharmacies and may help to reduce the incidence of skin cancer over the long term.

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The long shadow of childhood cancer: A qualitative study on insurance hardship among survivors of childhood cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116628/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Manya J Hendriks ◽

Erika Harju ◽

Katharina Roser ◽

Marcello Ienca ◽

Gisela Michel

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Childhood Cancer ◽

Social Insurance ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Psychosocial Health ◽

Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽

Special Focus ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Cancer History

Abstract Background The long-term consequences of childhood cancer have received increasing attention due to the growing number of survivors over the past decades. However, insurance hardships of survivors and their families are mostly unknown. This study explored qualitatively, in a sample of childhood cancer survivors (CCS), (i) the experiences and needs of CCS living in Switzerland with a special focus on hardships related to insurance; and (ii) the views of insurance and law experts with experience on childhood cancer. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 childhood cancer survivors and 3 experts (one legal expert, two insurance experts). Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three key themes emerged from the interviews with the CCS: 1) experiences with insurance, 2) perception of discrimination, and 3) needs and barriers for support. The interviewed experts provided further detailed clarification of CCS’ concerns. Our findings indicated that some CCS can move past their cancer history, while others continue to face hardships. CCS reported confusion about the opportunities and services within the social security system and most relied on their personal contacts for guidance. Finally, CCS expressed a strong need for socio-economic and legal support for social insurance questions, especially related to disability insurance. Conclusions With the growing population of CCS, it is essential to further assess the interplay between medical and psychosocial health and socio-economic hardship. Supportive psychosocial services should aim to ameliorate insurance hardships. Better understanding of the relationship between childhood cancer and insurance hardships during survivorship will inform efforts to improve long-term financial security and health outcomes for survivors. We call for the public, lawmakers, researchers, insurers, and patient organizations to come together and discuss future perspectives to avoid the risk of discrimination for cancer survivors.

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Factors Affecting Nurses’ Perceived Organizational Commitment: A Qualitative Study

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v18i2.40701 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 303-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Faribah Sepahvand ◽

Foorozan Atashzadeh Shoorideh ◽

Soroor Parvizy ◽

Mansoureh Zagheri Tafreshi

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Organizational Commitment ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Nurse Managers ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Medical Science ◽

Organizational Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Clinical Nurses

Objective: Nurses’ organizational commitment is one of the most important factors that facilitates their professional evolution and influences the method of care provision, quality of care, and patients’ satisfaction. The aim of this study was identified the factors that affect nurses’ perceived organizational commitment. Material and Methods: This qualitative study, conducted on 16 clinical nurses employed in Social Security Hospital of Khorramabad, Iran, during five months from May to September 2015, used deep semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling method was used for the selection of nurses and the data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Lincoln & Guba’s criteria were used to secure data accuracy and stability. Results: Sixteen subcategories, five categories, and three themes were distilled during content analysis process. The abstracted themes included “organizational factors”, “occupational challenges”, and “contributory management”. Conclusion: Our findings showed that numerous factors present in nurses’ profession and work environment may influence the rate of nurses’ interest and commitment in the hospital and the related organization. Hence, nurse managers can foster the promotion of nurses’ organizational commitment through creating the required suitable conditions. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.303-311

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Factors that promote and impede other-sex friendships: a qualitative study of Iranian adolescent girls

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0067 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nasim Bahrami ◽

Masoumeh Sibmar ◽

William M. Bukowski ◽

AbouAli Vedadhir ◽

Bianca Panarello

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Identity Formation ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Public Places ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Poor Understanding ◽

Different Levels

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to identify factors that promote and impede other-sex (OS) friendships in adolescent girls. Methods: A qualitative study conducted with 20 adolescent girls recruited in public places in Tehran, Iran. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews and coded via the conventional qualitative content analysis approach. Results: Four factors were identified that appeared to promote entry into OS friendships. These factors include (a) a poor understanding of perceived risks, (b) weak religious beliefs, (c) processes of identity formation, and (d) low self-esteem. In addition, six factors appeared to impede entry into these friendships: (a) self-confidence, (b) prioritizing education, (c) maintaining particular entertainment preferences, (d) awareness of prior unpleasant experiences with boys, (e) having strong religious convictions, and (f) shaming from significant others. Conclusion: These findings provide unique insights into the factors that stem from different levels of social complexity, which affect participation in a fundamental form of human experience.

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Exploring the clinical context of adopting an instrumented insole: a qualitative study of clinicians’ preferences in England

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023656 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. e023656 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Denise Lin ◽

Enrica Papi ◽

Alison H McGregor

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Information Exchange ◽

Management Tool ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Clinical Implementation ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Data Output ◽

Specific Device ◽

Barriers To Use

ObjectivesThis study explores clinicians’ views of the clinical uptake of a smart pressure-sensing insole, named Flexifoot, to enhance the care and management of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Clinicians are key users of wearable technologies, and can provide appropriate feedback for a specific device for successful clinical implementation.DesignQualitative study with in-depth, semi-structured interviews, analysed using inductive analysis to generate key themes.SettingConducted in a University setting.Participants30 clinicians were interviewed (11 physiotherapists, 11 orthopaedic surgeons, 5 general practitioners, 3 podiatrists).ResultsAll clinicians regarded Flexifoot to be useful for the care and management of patients in adjunction to current methods. Responses revealed four main themes: use, data presentation, barriers to use and future development. Flexifoot data were recognised as capable of enhancing information exchange between clinicians and patients, and also between clinicians themselves. Participants supported the use of feedback for rehabilitation, screening and evaluation of treatment progress/success purposes. Flexifoot use by patients was encouraged as a self-management tool that may motivate them by setting attainment goals. The data interface should be secure, concise and visually appealing. The measured parameters of Flexifoot, its duration of wear and frequency of data output would all depend on the rationale for its use. The clinicians and patients must collaborate to optimise the use of Flexifoot for long-term monitoring of disease for patient care in clinical practice. Many identified potential other uses for Flexifoot.ConclusionsClinicians thought that Flexifoot may complement and improve current methods of long-term patient management for OA or other conditions in clinical settings. Flexifoot was recognised to be useful for objective measures and should be tailored carefully for each person and condition to maximise compliance. Adopting the device, and other similar technologies, requires reducing the main barriers to use (time, cost, patient compliance) before its successful implementation.

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“This Isn’t Just about Things, It’s about People and Their Future”: A Qualitative Analysis of the Working Conditions and Strains of Social Workers in Refugee and Homeless Aid

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16203858 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (20) ◽

pp. 3858 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tanja Wirth ◽

Janika Mette ◽

Albert Nienhaus ◽

Zita Schillmöller ◽

Volker Harth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Workers ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Job Demands ◽

Work Organisation ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Psychological Strain ◽

Job Content

Large parts of Europe have been affected by an influx of refugees and increasing homelessness in recent years. Social workers provide care services for refugees and homeless people, but little is known about their working conditions. The aim of this study was to examine their job demands, resources and health strains. 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers in refugee and homeless aid in Hamburg and Berlin between October and December 2017. The interviews were analysed following Mayring’s qualitative content analysis. Additionally, the job demands and resources of social workers with and without long-term psychological strain were compared. Respondents particularly experienced demands concerning their job content and work organisation, including emotional and quantitative demands. Appreciation expressed by clients and social support from the team served as key resources. Respondents had problems switching off from work, were exhausted and exhibited signs of long-term psychological strain, such as symptoms of burnout or depressive states. Workers reporting long-term psychological strain were more likely to consider themselves as being adversely constrained by legal requirements and to describe inadequate supervision offers and team conflicts. In conclusion, the results indicate the need for job-specific health promotion measures reducing particularly demands concerning social workers’ job content and work organisation and further strengthening their social support.

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How Do Coaches Experience Psychological Momentum? A Qualitative Study of Female Elite Handball Teams

The Sport Psychologist ◽

10.1123/tsp.26.3.435 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 435-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Karin Moesch ◽

Erwin Apitzsch

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

External Factors ◽

Individual Factors ◽

Competitive Sports ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Psychological Momentum ◽

Behavioral Aspects

Psychological Momentum (PM) is commonly referred to in competitive sports, but still has to be considered elusive from a scientific perspective. This study explores coaches’ perception of triggers, strategies and characteristics of PM in female elite handball teams. Semi-structured interviews with nine coaches were evaluated using a qualitative content analysis. The results revealed that positive and negative PM were characterized by factors regarding behavior, cognition, confidence, emotions, and the team. Triggers for positive PM were categorized into confidence, players’ individual factors, team factors, and team-opponent-factors, whereas triggers for negative PM related to coach factors, confidence, external factors, players’ individual factors, and team factors. Moreover, strategies emerged that are considered beneficial for controlling PM. The results are discussed with emphasis on behavioral aspects, confidence, emotions, team factors, and application. Foundations based on this study and recent research lead to the assumption that PM is probably best portrayed in a circular approach.

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Analysis of the Reasons for Infidelity in Women with Extra-marital Relationships: A Qualitative Study

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v10n5p151 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 151 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shima Messripour ◽

Ozra Etemadi ◽

Seyed Ahmad Ahmadi ◽

Rezvanosadat Jazayeri

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Marital Relationships ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Research Approach ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Marital Conflicts ◽

Intrapersonal Factors

<p>Due to the higher statistics of male infidelity, the focus of previous studies has been on investigating the reasons for infidelity in this gender group. On the other hand; since marital infidelity is a phenomenon that affects every country’s culture, people, and even families, the results of research studies conducted overseas cannot be fully implicated to Iranian families. To this end, this study aimed at analyzing the reasons behind infidelity in women with extra-marital relationships in the form of a qualitative study. This study was conducted through a qualitative research approach and by using the content analysis method. Participants included 11 women referred to the counseling centers in the city of Isfahan. Purposive sampling was used and continued until data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were employed as the primary method of data collection. The data were analyzed via qualitative content analysis and constant comparative analysis methods. After the examination and division of the basic concepts, 800 initial codes were extracted from interviews. The categories were created based on the codes following several reviews and summarizations on the basis of similarities. By the nature, these conceptual and abstract themes were named in three categories of intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, and sexual reasons. The factors affecting female infidelity in this study had three dimensions. These factors included intrapersonal factors, marital conflicts, and sexual reasons. These findings can help psychologists, family counselors, and planners in the field of the social sciences identify the efficient scopes and purposes.</p>

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A qualitative study of the views of residents with dementia, their relatives and staff about work practice in long-term care settings

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610205001729 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 237-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Georgina Train ◽

Shirley Nurock ◽

Ginnette Kitchen ◽

Monica Manela ◽

Gill Livingston

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Challenging Behavior ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Work Practice ◽

Staff Retention ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Term Care ◽

Staffing Levels ◽

People With Dementia

Background: Most people living in 24-hour care settings have dementia, and little is known about what makes long-term care a positive experience for them.Method: This carer-led qualitative study examined working practices in 24-hour long-term care-settings, including hospitals, nursing and residential homes, with the aim of finding out and making recommendations about such settings. Using semi-structured interviews, managers, nurses and care assistants were asked about work practices, such as how they coped with difficult behavior, about shifts, staffing levels, staff retention and training. Relatives of residents with dementia were asked about their role and perceptions of the care provided, and residents were asked for their opinions of their care.Results: Staff reported that residents presented with increasingly challenging behavior compared to the past, and that sometimes staffing levels and skills were inadequate. Of all the settings, hospitals had the most problems with staffing levels and retention, staff-relative relationships and staff support systems. Relatives saw their own role as positive. People with dementia of varying severity could usefully evaluate some of the services they received.Discussion: Dementia-specific training and education of staff in all long-term care-settings, including induction, should address the management of problem behavior in dementia and thereby improve staff fulfilment and relatives' satisfaction. The long-stay hospital may not be appropriate as a “home for life” for those with dementia, and we recommend that long-stay care settings should be able to cater flexibly for a range of resident needs.

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Novice Teachers’ Challenges and Coping Strategies in Qatari Government Schools

International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research ◽

10.26803/ijlter.19.9.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 118-142

Author(s):

Shaikha R AL-Naimi ◽

Michael H Romanowski ◽

Xiangyun Du

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Novice Teachers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Government Schools ◽

Professional Challenges ◽

Active Communication ◽

And Coping ◽

Personal Challenges

This study examined the challenges novice teachers encountered in Qatari government schools and the coping strategies they adopt. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 15 novice teachers during their initial years of teaching. The findings demonstrated that most participants faced several personal challenges and other challenges within and beyond the school. Findings also indicated that these teachers confronted these challenges using various coping strategies. The challenges facing novice teachers include teaching and classroom, government, and administrative, and professional challenges. Novice teachers' coping strategies included individual internal peace strategies, active communication, and changing environment. Finally, based on these findings, suggestions are provided to support novice teachers' long-term success in Qatari government schools or similar contexts.

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Writing a Doctoral Dissertation: A Qualitative Study of Education Doctoral Students' Perceptions

Global Sociological Review ◽

10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-i).05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (I) ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

Tanzeela Batool ◽

Yaar Muhammad ◽

Faisal Anis

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Doctoral Students ◽

Academic Writing ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Private University ◽

Supervisory Support ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Dissertation Writing

For doctoral students, dissertation writing is an important stage in their completion of the degree. They might face several problems during this stage. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore doctoral students' perceptions of dissertation writing. Ten participants were selected through a purposive sampling technique from the education department of a private university in Lahore, Pakistan. An interview guide was constructed in light of the research objectives and literature review. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The findings of the study revealed language barriers, insufficient academic writing skills, inadequate supervisory support, and personal factors as problems faced by doctoral students during their dissertation writing. It is recommended that an academic writing course should be offered during coursework. Moreover, effective supervisory support should be ensured at the dissertation writing stage. The concerned department should facilitate and solve the problems of doctoral students during their write-up stage.

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