scholarly journals Quantified Activity Patterns for Young Children in Beach Environments Relevant for Exposure to Contaminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3274
Author(s):  
Alesia Ferguson ◽  
Ashok Dwivedi ◽  
Foluke Adelabu ◽  
Esther Ehindero ◽  
Mehdi Lamssali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
Plastic Toys ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Right ◽  
Beach Environment

In a study to evaluate beach play activities, 120 children were videotaped to observe and quantify factors that could influence their exposure to contaminants in the beach environment. Children aged 1 to 6 years were followed by researchers with video cameras at beaches (two in Miami, Florida and two in Galveston, Texas) for approximately one hour each. Factors evaluated included time spent in various beach locations, various activities engaged in, and various surfaces contacted (including contacts by hand and mouth). Activities recorded in the videos were transcribed to text files to allow for quantitative analyses. Across all sexes, age groups, and beaches, Wading was the most common activity and Seawater was the most common location where children played. The left hand was found to not be in contact with objects most of the time, while the right hand, considered the most dominant hand in most cases, contacted Plastic-Toys the most. Although activity patterns collection through videotaping and videotranslation can be labor-intensive, once collected, they can be widely useful for estimates of exposures to all contaminants in the beach environment (e.g., microorganisms and chemicals) as well as UV exposure, with considerations for whether the contaminants are found in water, sand or both. These activity patterns were collected to potentially look at exposures following the Deepwater Horizon 2010 Spill.

scholarly journals Drawing with the Non-dominant Hand: Implications for the Study of Construction

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherma Zacharias ◽  
Andrew Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hand

ABSTRACT:Background:Constructional impairment following left vs. right hemisphere damage has been extensively studied using drawing tasks. A confounding factor in these studies is that right-handed patients with left hemisphere damage (LHD) are often forced by weakness to use their non-dominant (left) hand or hemiparetic dominant hand. Qualitative differences in the drawing characteristics of left and right hand drawings by normal subjects have not previously been characterized. The present study was undertaken to determine the qualitative differences between left and right hand drawings of normal subjects.Methods:Thirty right-handed, elderly subjects without a history of neurological disease were asked to draw, from memory, seven objects using the right and left hand. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to draw with the left hand first, and half the right hand first. Right and left hand drawings were compared using a standardized scoring system utilized in several previous studies of drawing in focal and diffuse neurological disease. Each drawing was scored on eighteen criteria. Right and left hand drawing scores were then compared using the t-test for paired samples or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs testResults:Drawings made using the left hand were found to be significantly simpler, more tremulous and of poorer overall quality than drawings made by the same subjects using the right hand.Conclusions:The deficits found in left versus right hand drawings of normals are similar to those found in patients with LHD, suggesting that much of the drawing impairment seen following LHD is due to an elementary motor disturbance related to use of the non-dominant hand.

scholarly journals The Effect Ofinitial Practice with Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand on Acquisition, Retention and Transfer of a Complex Motor Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malihe Moones Tousi ◽  
Toktam Emami ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Transfer Task ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of practice orderwithdominant and non-dominant hand on acquisition, retention and transfer of basketball dribbling skills of female students at Ferdowsi University. The subjects were 20 female students of General Physical Education (19-24), who did not have any experiences in basketball with dominant right hand. They were randomly selected and equally assigned into two groups. The subjects practiced within the program for 4 weeks, 2 times a week and 45 minutes per session. Group A practiced with their dominant right hand for the first four sessions and then switched to their left hand for the second four sessions. Group B practiced reversely. The subjects were assessed by Slalom-Dribble-Test in pre-test and post-test. Retention and transfer tests were performed one week after the exercise was finished. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in acquisition of dribbling skill (p=0.053). Movement time has been significantly reduced from pre-test to post-test (p=0.00). The results showed better performance of the right hand compared to the left (p=0.042). Both groups had a shorter dribbling time with the right hand compared to the left hand in the post-test and retention test. There was no significant difference between two groups in transfer task (p = 0.16). The results indicate that practicing with dominant and non-dominant limbs in the initial motor learning seems to be important to improve performance of both limbs and to strengthen bilateral competence of the learners.

scholarly journals Analysis of the coracoid morphology with multiplanar 2D CT and its effects on the graft size in the Latarjet procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949902096460
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir Sarı ◽  
Hadi Sasani ◽  
Mehmet Ümit Çetin ◽  
Burak Günaydin ◽  
Seyran Kilinç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to reveal the individual differences regarding the size of the coracoid and their effects on the classical and modified Latarjet procedures. Methods: Computed tomography images of 120 patients (mean age: 41.18 ± 12.01 years) without shoulder complaints or shoulder instability were evaluated retrospectively. The glenoid width, the surgical graft length, and the coracoid total length, width, and thickness were measured using the multiplanar reconstruction method on the Sectra Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS) system. Age, gender, side, the dominant hand, and the height of the patients were recorded and the correlations between them were investigated. On the created hypothetical model, the current size of the coracoid was evaluated to determine what size of glenoid defects it could repair by employing the classical and the modified Latarjet techniques. Results: There was no significant difference between the right-hand-dominant group and the left-hand-dominant group in terms of coracoid measurement results ( p > 0.05). Again, there was no statistically significant difference between the right and the left side regarding the coracoid size ( p > 0.05). A positive correlation could be detected only between age and the coracoid width and thickness ( p < 0.05). A positive correlation was also found between the glenoid width and the coracoid width and thickness in both shoulders ( p < 0.001). Coracoid thickness could fill in the defects that amounted to 40% of the glenoid width, while the coracoid width could fill in for the defects that were 50% of the glenoid width in both genders. Conclusion: Our study showed that hand dominance and side were not effective on the coracoid dimensions. In addition, it has been shown that the coracoid dimensions did not have a significant effect in the choice of Latarjet technique in terms of defect repair and that repair rates of up to 40% could be achieved in glenoid defects with both techniques.

Over De Ontwikkeling Van Motorische Voorwaarden Voor Het Schrijven

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
A.J.W.M. Thomassen ◽  
J.L.H.M. Teulings
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Motor Systems ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Drawing Tasks ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pure Motor

An experiment is reported in which writing and drawing tasks of two different types are presented to 26 subjects in four different age groups. These types of task are supposed to represent 'pure-motor' writing and drawing, requiring very little perceptual and higher control on the one hand, and 'cognitive' writing and drawing, requiring considerable perceptual control without allowing automation or lower-level control to take over, on the other. The tasks were performed both with the left hand and with the right. The variable into which the present paper looks specifically is the preferred direction followed in the production of curves, loops and contours. On the basis of discrepancies between data in the literature and earlier findings by the present authors, it was expected that the two types of task might reveal different motor systems, each displaying its own development with age. This expectation was confirmed. Writing tasks of the 'cognitive' type in general replicated the findings reported in the literature, viz., an increasing preference from the age of 5 or 6 for the counter-clockwise production of curves, loops and contours in copying or drawing single symbols and geometric figures. This preference appears to be independent of the writing hand. Writing tasks of the 'pure-motor' type, however, show a hand-dependent preference, which seems te develop for the left hand from a clockwise to a counterclockwise preference, and for the right hand from a counterclockwise to a clockwise writing bias. The latter appears in continuously drawing circles at maximum speed and in rapid continued scribbling, especially in the youngest (4;5) and oldest (adults) age groups. The feasibility and the possible role of the two independent motor systems, hypothesized to describe the results, are briefly mentioned.

Uncertainty of sweat chloride testing: does the right hand know what the left hand is doing?

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Mackay ◽  
C M Florkowski ◽  
P M George ◽  
C W Sies ◽  
S Woods
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Sweat Test ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Sweat Chloride ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Analytical Variation

Although analytical variation in sweat electrolyte testing can be easily estimated, there is limited data on total variation. This study aims to evaluate the total variation of the sweat test by measuring the difference between sweat electrolyte values in specimens obtained simultaneously from two sites. Chloride is recommended in published guidelines as the only discriminant for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, and sodium may be measured as a guide to the adequacy of collection and analysis. Both are reported here. Sweat was collected in patients by the Gibson Cooke method from two sites simultaneously. Coefficient of variation in this laboratory is 4.1 and 5% for chloride and sodium, respectively. 295 patients had sufficient sweat collected from both sites for analysis. The values for chloride and sodium were compared between the two sites. The total coefficient of variation (CVt) calculated for the whole group between the two sites was 20.2% for chloride and 16.9% for sodium, and the standard deviations 4.3 mmol/L and 4.8 mmol/L, respectively. In patients with intermediate chloride concentrations; in different age groups; and when those tests with a difference between sodium and chloride concentration of more than 15 were excluded, minimal differences in these figures were observed. Use of strictly defined cut-off points to discriminate between normal and intermediate electrolyte values, and between intermediate and raised electrolyte values, does not reflect the variation in sweat electrolyte content found within an individual patient. This has important implications for reporting.

Cultural Differences in Drawing Movements between Right-Handed Japanese and German Participants

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Differences in drawing movements with the dominant and nondominant hands by 41 right-handed students from Japan (9 men, 12 women; M age = 20.3 yr., SD = 1.4) and Germany (13 men, 7 women; M age = 23.4 yr., SD = 3.0) were investigated. Participants were asked to use each hand to draw a circle, a pentagon, and a rhombus in one stroke. Analysis showed that Japanese participants drew a circle clockwise with the dominant right hand, starting from 6 or 7 o'clock on the face of a clock, while the German participants drew the circle counterclockwise, starting from 11 or 12 o'clock. Moreover, when drawing a pentagon and a rhombus with the right hand, Japanese participants drew counterclockwise from the top-center vertex, whereas almost half of German participants drew clockwise from the left side and others drew counterclockwise from the top-center vertex. Using the left hand, no significant difference was found in starting positions or directionality. Cultural differences in the starting positions and directionality when using the dominant right hand probably reflect the influence of writing habits on the drawing movement of the dominant hand.

An Examination of Change in Control of the Right and the Left Hand Across the Lifespan

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Tania S. Flink ◽  
Alexandra N. Iorio
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Aging Model ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Manual Asymmetry ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sixth Decade ◽  
Central Factors ◽  
Right And Left Hands

This study examined changes in manual asymmetry across the lifespan using the Purdue pegboard protocol. One hundred and four right-handed individuals were recruited and separated by age decade. Individuals placed pegs into holes as fast as possible in 30 s using the right hand, left hand, and both hands simultaneously. Movements with the right hand were significantly faster than the left hand and for both hands for all age groups. The number of pegs successfully inserted into the holes significantly declined in the sixth decade, and this result was observed for both the right and left hands. No significant differences between the decades were observed with respect to the computed laterality quotient; thus, declines in manual asymmetry with age were not observed. It is suggested that the performance speed declines with age are likely to be due to central factors. Better performance of the right versus left hand across the lifespan supports the right hemi-aging model, and may also be due to practice, the differential roles of the right versus the left hand, and the task itself.

EVALUATION OF THE RADIATION DOSE TO THE HANDS OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS DURING FLUOROSCOPY USING STORED IMAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Carlo Giordano ◽  
Ivo Monica ◽  
Fabrizio Quattrini ◽  
Elena Villaggi ◽  
Rossana Gobbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dose Limit ◽  
Annual Dose ◽  
Radiation Beam ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgeons ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Right

Abstract Data were collected from 642 orthopaedic interventions during which the images produced by X-rays were recorded. By examining these images, it is possible to determine the time that the orthopaedic surgeons’ hands were exposed to the direct radiation beam. The procedures with greater exposure to the direct beam were those involving the hand (median 15 s) and the wrist (median 13 s). Two surgeons wore a ring to measure the absorbed dose at the fingers: one on the dominant hand and the other on the non-dominant hand. The two surgeons performed 34 and 48 operations, respectively, in 14 months. The total doses measured with the rings were 2.30 and 1.04 mSv, respectively. The images of the interventions were examined, determining how much each individual hand was exposed. The interventional reference point (IRPeff (left or right)) was calculated by comparing the doses at the IRP with the exposure times of the right or the left hand. Summing the IRPeff of the two surgeons in 14 months, it is obtained the maximum values of 2.87 mGy for the left hand of one and 6.74 mGy for the right hand of the other, which are of the order of 1/100 of the annual dose limit for the extremities.

Perception of Numerical Stimuli Felt by Fingers of the Left and Right Hands

1979 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Young ◽  
Andrew W. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Random Arrangement ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
The Right

Three experiments are reported in which blindfolded right-handed adults felt numerical stimuli with the middle fingers of their left or right hands. These stimuli consisted of collections of raised dots in random arrangement to be enumerated (Experiment I), collections of evenly spaced raised dots in a straight line to be enumerated (Experiment II), and raised digits to be identified (Experiment III). Differences between hands were only found in Experiment I. The left hand was faster, apparently reflecting specialisation of the right cerebral hemisphere for the analysis of complex spatial stimuli. A fourth experiment, in which collections of raised dots in random arrangement to be enumerated were felt through a piece of cloth by subjects who were not blindfolded, confirmed the left hand superiority and demonstrated that it had not arisen from loss of sight of the movements of the dominant hand.

scholarly journals Systolic and Diastolic Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Difference: A Cross-Sectional Study Of 3030 Young Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawand Essa ◽  
Sirwan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Abstract More than 100 years ago, the difference in blood pressure (BP) between arms was first reported. Recent studies have shown that different blood pressure between the right and left arm leads to cardiovascular events. Three thousand and thirty volunteers participated in our study. The sIABP was equal in 163 of 3030 persons (5.37%), dIABP was equal in 222 out of 3030 persons (7.32%), from a total of 792/3030 persons (26.1%) sIAD > 10 mmHg, and dIAD > or =10 mmHg was found in 927 out of 3030 persons (33.5%) in the right arm, and 32.4% in the left arm. In 2692 of 3030 volunteers BP, initially recorded in the dominant hand (right arm), showing sIAD> or = 10 mmHg was found in 943 (37.1%) volunteers, and when the first measurement was done in 338 left-handed volunteers it showed sIAD> or = 10 mmHg in 112 of 338 (34.1%), P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval for systolic right hand were (115.73: 116.73), and for systolic left hand 95% confidence interval were (113.17:114.15). Furthermore, height, residential area, and heart rate above 90 bpm had a significant effect on IAD (P =. 041, .002, <001, respectively). In conclusions significant inter-arm systolic and diastolic BP differences above (10 mm Hg) is common in the young, healthy population. Hand dominance is a significant consideration while measuring blood pressure. It is mandatory to measure blood pressure in both arms in a sitting position with a stable condition.

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