Analysis of the coracoid morphology with multiplanar 2D CT and its effects on the graft size in the Latarjet procedure

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to reveal the individual differences regarding the size of the coracoid and their effects on the classical and modified Latarjet procedures. Methods: Computed tomography images of 120 patients (mean age: 41.18 ± 12.01 years) without shoulder complaints or shoulder instability were evaluated retrospectively. The glenoid width, the surgical graft length, and the coracoid total length, width, and thickness were measured using the multiplanar reconstruction method on the Sectra Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS) system. Age, gender, side, the dominant hand, and the height of the patients were recorded and the correlations between them were investigated. On the created hypothetical model, the current size of the coracoid was evaluated to determine what size of glenoid defects it could repair by employing the classical and the modified Latarjet techniques. Results: There was no significant difference between the right-hand-dominant group and the left-hand-dominant group in terms of coracoid measurement results ( p > 0.05). Again, there was no statistically significant difference between the right and the left side regarding the coracoid size ( p > 0.05). A positive correlation could be detected only between age and the coracoid width and thickness ( p < 0.05). A positive correlation was also found between the glenoid width and the coracoid width and thickness in both shoulders ( p < 0.001). Coracoid thickness could fill in the defects that amounted to 40% of the glenoid width, while the coracoid width could fill in for the defects that were 50% of the glenoid width in both genders. Conclusion: Our study showed that hand dominance and side were not effective on the coracoid dimensions. In addition, it has been shown that the coracoid dimensions did not have a significant effect in the choice of Latarjet technique in terms of defect repair and that repair rates of up to 40% could be achieved in glenoid defects with both techniques.

Download Full-text

Handwriting, Typewriting and Handedness

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1080/14640746808400162 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 282-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

K. A. Provins ◽

D. J. Glencross

Keyword(s):

Performance Levels ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Left Hand ◽

Right Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Right ◽

Two Sides

The performance of two groups of 20 trained touch typists and one group of 20 nontypists was tested on seven different typewriting exercises. Three of these exercises were executed entirely with the right hand and three were completed using only the left. A comparison of performances of the two sides showed, for the typists, no differences between the sides or a difference in favour of the left hand; and for the non-typists, a difference between hands in favour of the right side in two of the three comparisons. A comparison of handwriting performance with the preferred and non-preferred hands was carried out on 80 subjects. Apart from a highly significant difference in performance between the sides in favour of the preferred hand, this task showed, as did the typewriting task, a marked positive correlation between the performance levels of the two sides. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the training histories of the subjects.

Download Full-text

The Effect Ofinitial Practice with Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand on Acquisition, Retention and Transfer of a Complex Motor Task

Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia ◽

10.13005/bbra/2543 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1067-1074 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Malihe Moones Tousi ◽

Toktam Emami ◽

Seyed Mojtaba Hoseini

Keyword(s):

Movement Time ◽

Motor Task ◽

Transfer Task ◽

Female Students ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Left Hand ◽

Right Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of practice orderwithdominant and non-dominant hand on acquisition, retention and transfer of basketball dribbling skills of female students at Ferdowsi University. The subjects were 20 female students of General Physical Education (19-24), who did not have any experiences in basketball with dominant right hand. They were randomly selected and equally assigned into two groups. The subjects practiced within the program for 4 weeks, 2 times a week and 45 minutes per session. Group A practiced with their dominant right hand for the first four sessions and then switched to their left hand for the second four sessions. Group B practiced reversely. The subjects were assessed by Slalom-Dribble-Test in pre-test and post-test. Retention and transfer tests were performed one week after the exercise was finished. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in acquisition of dribbling skill (p=0.053). Movement time has been significantly reduced from pre-test to post-test (p=0.00). The results showed better performance of the right hand compared to the left (p=0.042). Both groups had a shorter dribbling time with the right hand compared to the left hand in the post-test and retention test. There was no significant difference between two groups in transfer task (p = 0.16). The results indicate that practicing with dominant and non-dominant limbs in the initial motor learning seems to be important to improve performance of both limbs and to strengthen bilateral competence of the learners.

Download Full-text

Cultural Differences in Drawing Movements between Right-Handed Japanese and German Participants

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/10.23.25.pr0.107.4.329-335 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 329-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masanori Taguchi

Keyword(s):

Cultural Differences ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Left Hand ◽

Right Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Face ◽

The Right

Differences in drawing movements with the dominant and nondominant hands by 41 right-handed students from Japan (9 men, 12 women; M age = 20.3 yr., SD = 1.4) and Germany (13 men, 7 women; M age = 23.4 yr., SD = 3.0) were investigated. Participants were asked to use each hand to draw a circle, a pentagon, and a rhombus in one stroke. Analysis showed that Japanese participants drew a circle clockwise with the dominant right hand, starting from 6 or 7 o'clock on the face of a clock, while the German participants drew the circle counterclockwise, starting from 11 or 12 o'clock. Moreover, when drawing a pentagon and a rhombus with the right hand, Japanese participants drew counterclockwise from the top-center vertex, whereas almost half of German participants drew clockwise from the left side and others drew counterclockwise from the top-center vertex. Using the left hand, no significant difference was found in starting positions or directionality. Cultural differences in the starting positions and directionality when using the dominant right hand probably reflect the influence of writing habits on the drawing movement of the dominant hand.

Download Full-text

Functional Asymmetry and Fingerprint Features of Left-Handed and Right-Handed Young Yakuts (Mongoloid Race, North-Eastern Siberia)

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym10120728 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 728 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Shadrina ◽

Yakov Vol’pert

Keyword(s):

Northeast Asia ◽

Functional Asymmetry ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Left Hand ◽

Left Handed ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Significant Difference ◽

North Eastern ◽

The Difference ◽

The Right

An ethnically homogeneous group of Yakuts (Mongoloid race, Northeast Asia), aged 18–31, was studied to characterize the diversity of particular features between left- and right-handed individuals. A total of 52 left-handed (32 women and 20 men) and 100 right-handed (50 women and 50 men) individuals were studied. Testing included two sets of questions and tasks, dynamometry of the right and left hand, and fingerprint analysis. Left-handed and right-handed people were found to differ in functional asymmetry of psychophysiological and motor reactions. Right-handers were characterized by higher intragroup similarity, while, among left-handers, greater dispersion of these traits was observed. Asymmetry in hand grip strength was less pronounced in the left-handed people than in the right-handed; this difference was statistically significant, and the difference was greater in men than in women. This suggests that the non-dominant hand in the left-handed people was subjected to a greater load and indicates the forced adaptation of the left-handed people to “dextrastress”. No significant difference between sexes was found when analyzing fingerprint patterns. Left-handers had arches significantly more often than right-handers. Radial loops were most often found on the index finger, and, in the left-handers, their occurrence was significantly higher on three to five fingers of the left hand compared with the right-handers. The levels of fluctuating asymmetry in left-handers and right-handers were similar.

Download Full-text

XIV.—Ancient Gold Ornaments: described by John Yonge Akerman, Esq. Secretary

Archaeologia ◽

10.1017/s0261340900012789 ◽

1853 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 190-193

Author(s):

John Yonge Akerman

Keyword(s):

Light Chain ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Asia Minor ◽

Plate Viii ◽

Left Hand ◽

Small Loop ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right ◽

Of Greece

With the exception of Figs. 1, 2, 3, the Gold Ornaments engraved in Plate VIII. have no reference whatever to each other. The first three were obtained by Viscount Strangford, Director of the Society, from a Greek priest at Milo, in the year 1820. Figs. 1 and 3 appear to have formed the ends of a light chain, and the other (fig. 2) to have been pendent by a small loop on the top of the head. The figure has unfortunately lost the feet and the left hand, but the other parts are perfect. The right hand is raised in an admonitory attitude. The forehead appears as if encircled with a wreath, while the body is crossed by what would seem to be intended for the tendril of a vine. The necklace was formerly in the collection of the late Mr. H. P. Borrell, of Smyrna, but I am informed by his brother, Mr. Maximilian Borrell, who now possesses it, that no record exists of its discovery, and that he cannot learn the name of the individual from whom it was purchased. It was well known that Mr. H. P. Borrell was in the habit of purchasing ancient coins, which were sent to him from all parts of Greece and Asia-Minor, and that many rare and unique specimens fell into his hands, of which he contributed descriptions in various volumes of the Numismatic Chronicle. The necklace may, therefore, have been included in one of these numerous consignments, and we can scarcely indulge the hope that the place of its discovery will ever be made known. As an example of ancient art, it may vie with the most elaborate and beautiful specimens of goldsmiths' work of any age or period. The details are wonderfully minute and delicate, even the backs of the button-like objects at the ends of the pendent cords being elaborately finished.

Download Full-text

Lateral comparisons using Fishman's skeletal maturation assessment

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/043014-312.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 408-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abraham N. Safer ◽

Peter Homel ◽

David D. Chung

Keyword(s):

Bone Development ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Skeletal Maturation ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Left Hand ◽

Right Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Left And Right ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess lateral differences between ossification events and stages of bone development in the hands and wrists utilizing Fishman's skeletal maturation indicators (SMIs). Materials and Methods: The skeletal ages of 125 subjects, aged 8 to 20 years, were determined with left and right hand-wrist radiographs using Fishman's SMI assessment. Each subject was also given the Edinburgh Handedness Questionnaire to assess handedness. The skeletal ages of both hand-wrist radiographs were analyzed against each other, handedness, chronologic age, and gender. Results: There were no significant differences overall in right and left SMI scores (P = .70); 79% of all patients showed no difference in right and left SMI scores, regardless of handedness, gender, or age. However, when patients were categorized based on clinical levels of SMI score for the right hand-wrist, there was a significant difference (P = .01) between the SMI 1-3 group and the SMI 11 group. Subjects in the SMI 1-3 group were more likely to show a left > right SMI score, while subjects in the SMI 11 group were likely to show a right > left SMI score. Conclusion: Although no significant overall lateral differences in SMI scores were noted, it may be advisable to obtain a left hand-wrist radiograph and/or additional diagnostic information to estimate completion of growth in young surgical patients.

Download Full-text

Drawing with the Non-dominant Hand: Implications for the Study of Construction

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100034326 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 306-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sherma Zacharias ◽

Andrew Kirk

Keyword(s):

Neurological Disease ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Left Hand ◽

Right Hand ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Right ◽

Right And Left Hand

ABSTRACT:Background:Constructional impairment following left vs. right hemisphere damage has been extensively studied using drawing tasks. A confounding factor in these studies is that right-handed patients with left hemisphere damage (LHD) are often forced by weakness to use their non-dominant (left) hand or hemiparetic dominant hand. Qualitative differences in the drawing characteristics of left and right hand drawings by normal subjects have not previously been characterized. The present study was undertaken to determine the qualitative differences between left and right hand drawings of normal subjects.Methods:Thirty right-handed, elderly subjects without a history of neurological disease were asked to draw, from memory, seven objects using the right and left hand. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to draw with the left hand first, and half the right hand first. Right and left hand drawings were compared using a standardized scoring system utilized in several previous studies of drawing in focal and diffuse neurological disease. Each drawing was scored on eighteen criteria. Right and left hand drawing scores were then compared using the t-test for paired samples or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs testResults:Drawings made using the left hand were found to be significantly simpler, more tremulous and of poorer overall quality than drawings made by the same subjects using the right hand.Conclusions:The deficits found in left versus right hand drawings of normals are similar to those found in patients with LHD, suggesting that much of the drawing impairment seen following LHD is due to an elementary motor disturbance related to use of the non-dominant hand.

Download Full-text

Effect of micro osteo-perforations (MOP) on the rate of tooth movement and levels of interleukin-1β - a split mouth study

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/mpr-1911 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Venkata Naidu Bavikati ◽

Abdul Rasheed Muhameed ◽

Nikitha Mohaley ◽

Manjula K. Thimmaiah ◽

Keerthi Kavya Botlagunta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tooth Movement ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Chemical Interaction ◽

Invasive Procedure ◽

Interleukin 1Β ◽

Success Rates ◽

Canine Retraction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right

Introduction. Various procedures are available today to enhance tooth movement, with relative success rates, one among them being Micro Osteo Perforation (MOP). Our aim is to assess the rate of tooth movement and interleukin 1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid levels (GCF)after MOPs. Methodology. A group of 22 patients were selected, who required first premolars extraction and were designated for the split mouth study with equal allocation. MOP was performed on the right side, three vertical MOPs were given using 1.2 X 8 mm mini implants with the gap of 2 mm between them and surgical depth of the implant insertion was 5 mm. The left side was used as control. The individual canine retraction was initiated with placement of 150 grams on 19*25 SS wire. The case was evaluated at different timelines for canine retraction and Interleukin 1β levels. Results. There was a significant difference in the rate of canine movement at 45 days (1.42 mm) and end of canine retraction on experimental side(2.61 mm). The GCF levels were raised at T1 and T2 intervals on the side of MOP and were statically significant (p=0.00). Conclusion. MOP is a minimally invasive procedure which accelerates the tooth movement by 20%. The increase in IL 1βlevels indicates a higher rate of chemical interaction on the surgically assisted side. For enhanced efficiency MOPs should be repeated every 6-8 weeks.

Download Full-text

Effects of Congruency on Bereitschaftspotential While Performing a Bimanual Motor Task

The Arbutus Review ◽

10.18357/tar91201818387 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 63-79

Author(s):

Meghan McGowan ◽

Camille Hémond-Hill ◽

Justine Nakazawa

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Sensory Modality ◽

Motor Task ◽

Left Hand ◽

Grand Average ◽

Bimanual Task ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Right

The bereitschaftspotential (BP)—also known as the readiness potential—is a measure of brain activity that precedes voluntary movement by approximately one second in the supplementary motor area and the contralateral primary motor cortex. Motor task reaction time for bimanual task performance is affected by both the individual and the environment; however, it is unclear whether motor task reaction time (as measured via the BP) is significantly affected by congruency. A congruent motor task is an ipsilateral stimulus (e.g., a stimulus on the right is responded to by the right hand), and an incongruent task is a contralateral stimulus (e.g., a stimulus on the right is responded to by the left hand). Congruency is re-emerging as an important topic in motor learning as it may require different levels of cortical processing. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of congruency on the BP. Participants were asked to complete the computer task, Keyboard Hero, where they pressed keys with both their left and right hands in response to discrete congruent and incongruent stimuli. A MUSE™ apparatus recorded brain activity 1000 ms prior to, and 1000 ms after each stimulus. Results from every participant for the incongruent and congruent trials were averaged and compared using a grand average waveform. Means of accuracy (how often participants pressed the key correctly) and BP for each condition were averaged and compared using a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Across congruent and incongruent conditions, a non-significant difference (p > 0.05 ) was found in BP (p > 0.59 ), accuracy (p > 0.64 ), and BP within −200 ms to 200 ms (p > 0.31 ). BP and mean accuracy scores were not significantly different between congruent and incongruent conditions, which may be due to only minute differences in brain activity or due to the study’s design. Further research should analyze individual variations of the present study, such as stimulus location, differences in the responding limb, correctness of responses, and the sensory modality being tested

Download Full-text

Are left- and right-eye pupil sizes always equal?

Journal of Eye Movement Research ◽

10.16910/jemr.12.2.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gonca Gokce Menekse Dalveren ◽

Nergiz Ercil Cagiltay

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Load ◽

Movement Analysis ◽

Difficulty Level ◽

Human Beings ◽

Left Hand ◽

Surgical Residents ◽

Right Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Right

Eye movements provide very critical information about the cognitive load and behaviors of human beings. Earlier studies report that under normal conditions, the left- and right-eye pupil sizes are equal. For this reason, most studies undertaking eye-movement analysis are conducted by only considering the pupil size of a single eye or taking the average size of both eye pupils. This study attempts to offer a better understanding concerning whether there are any differences between the left- and right-eye pupil sizes of the right-handed surgical residents while performing surgical tasks in a computer-based simulation environment under different conditions (left hand, right hand and both hands). According to the results, in many cases, the right-eye pupil sizes of the participants were larger than their left-eye pupil sizes while performing the tasks under right-hand and both-hands conditions. However, no significant difference was found in relation to the tasks performed under left-hand condition in all scenarios. These results are very critical to shed further light on the cognitive load of the surgical residents by analyzing their left-eye and right-eye pupil sizes. Further research is required to investigate the effect of the difficulty level of each scenario, its appropriateness with the skill level of the participants, and handedness on the differences between the left- and right-eye pupil sizes.

Download Full-text