scholarly journals Forgotten Contributors in the Brick Sector in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6479
Author(s):  
Sugat B. Bajracharya ◽  
Kamala Gurung ◽  
Luja Mathema ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Arabinda Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

Brick making in Nepal is an informal sector that is still highly labor intensive. It employs transient workers who are extremely marginalized and exposed to poor working and living conditions. This study assesses the working and living conditions of male and female brick workers and their children and looks to address the main issues and challenges to promote decent living and working conditions in the brick factories through action research. A rapid needs assessment was conducted to take stock of the working and living conditions of male and female workers across five provinces in Nepal. Subsequently, selected pilot interventions through stakeholder consultations were initiated to address these issues and challenges. There are a host of challenges faced by these workers in the factories, with the main issues being occupational health and safety and childcare/education for workers’ children. The study suggests that the working and living conditions of the workers can be improved by incentivizing the brick entrepreneurs to invest in them, thus creating a more productive workforce. Moreover, the findings from the pilot interventions can help in the design of effective solutions.

scholarly journals Perceptions of working and living conditions among industrial male and female workers in Perú

Work ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Brunette ◽  
Michael J. Smith ◽  
Laura Punnett
Keyword(s):  
Living Conditions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

A Participatory Model for Improving Occupational Health and Safety: Improving Informal Sector Working Conditions in Thailand

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniruth Manothum ◽  
Jittra Rukijkanpanich ◽  
Damrong Thawesaengskulthai ◽  
Boonwa Thampitakkul ◽  
Chalermchai Chaikittiporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Participatory Model

About the so-called. tendovaginitis crepitans in metalworkers

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
A. I. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Social Pathology ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

Occupational diseases play a fairly prominent role in the morbidity of workers in various sectors of our economy. Therefore, the study of etiological and contributing moments is a necessary condition for their prevention and the creation of the correct working and living conditions. Diseases of the tendon sheaths constitute one of the important chapters of occupational health and social pathology, however, our knowledge of the origin and nature of tendovaginitis is still far from complete resolution, and numerous works on this issue, which have appeared recently both in foreign literature (Frisch, Sattler, Hauck), and in Russian (Shugaev, Israilson, Golyanitsky and Obolenskaya, Konshin, etc.) they convincingly emphasize this position.

A Strategic Response to the Occupational Health Establishment

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sass
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Workplace Hazards ◽  
Strategic Response ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Union Activists ◽  
The Way

The experiences of occupational health and safety “activists” in Canada reveal the limits of achieving reform in working conditions by technical efforts in combination with rank-and-file activation. The author argues that the way union “activists” approach occupational health and safety limits workers in dealing with their actual experiences and understanding about workplace hazards and risk, then discusses the conditions for the awakening of their critical consciousness as a basis of acting on hazardous working conditions. The first movement in the way the worker apprehends the work environment is a movement of negation and is the prior condition to a critical and disclosive discourse about workplace hazards. It is the positive side of “No!” and the taking seriously of workers' rights. It is this negation of the negative that holds out the greatest hope for solidarity and a liberatory community in workplaces, since legislated workers' rights as the basis of protection have become a facade. Workers can respond with the power of saying “No!” in solidarity with suffering workers, and then work through appropriate principles, ends, or strategies avoiding entrapment by a “telos” in the first instance. By laying out these “ends” or a strategic paradigm, one introduces a “conversation stopper” for workers and atrophies their activation.

Are Women in Female Jobs for Their Health? A Study of Working Conditions and Health Effects in the Fish-Processing Industry in Quebec

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Messing ◽  
Jean-Pierre Reveret
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fatigue Stress ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Health Related

A questionnaire concerning environmental conditions, work organization, and health-related symptoms was administered to 209 male and female workers in fish-processing plants in Quebec. Jobs in these factories were “ghettoized,” with 88.9 percent of job titles held primarily (more than 75 percent) by members of one sex. In general, significantly more women than men reported that their work sites exposed them to environmental aggressors such as noise and cold. Women also reported significantly more often that their jobs were uninteresting, that they could not move around, and that their work speed was fast. Women reported fatigue, stress, insomnia, digestive problems, and aches and pains significantly more often than did men (analysis controlled for age). When the effects of work speed were examined specifically, it was found that a fast work speed was associated with fatigue, stress, insomnia, and digestive problems in both sexes, and with aches and pains in women. It is suggested that women are required to work at a faster speed than men, and that this is a factor in the greater prevalence of health-related symptoms among women. Our interpretation of these data calls into question the commonly held belief that men and women are assigned to sex-specific jobs in order to protect the health of “the weaker sex.”

scholarly journals L’«épidémiologie de la bottine» ou l’enquête médicale réinventée. Alice Hamilton et la médecine industrielle dans l’Amérique du premier XXe siècle

Gesnerus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-354
Author(s):  
Judith Rainhorn
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Core ◽  
Industrial Medicine ◽  
Concrete Part ◽  
Source Of Information

Dr. Alice Hamilton (1869–1970) was a pioneer in industrial medicine, a new discipline that emerged with a new interest in working conditions and occupational hazards within an era of unprecedented industrial growth. From various sources, including her reports after she visited Arizona copper belt in 1919, my paper emphasizes the innovation of Hamilton’s approach, “shoeleather epidemiology”. She went to the source of information in workshops, plants and construction sites, observed the very concrete part of industrial work, interviewed many stakeholders in and around the workplace, making a methodological toolbox for industrial surveys. Her method combined an old medical practice (the medical inquiry) and a new clinical field (the plant) and placed the worker as a patient in the core of the issue of occupational health and safety.

scholarly journals Awareness and incidents of occupational health hazards among female workers of small scale food processing units of Punjab state

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Deepika Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Female Workers

Female workers have to work both in the industry as well as at the home to meet their family’s daily need. The work pattern in food processing units is very repetitive and exposes workers to several health risks. Lack of protective clothing and equipment also exposes workers’ health to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards and diseases, thereby reducing their efficiency and productivity. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to explore the awareness and incidents of occupational health hazards among female workers of small scale food processing units. The study was carried out on 30 women workers engaged in small scale food processing units. The sample was randomly selected from five randomly selected food processing units of Punjab state. Personal interview method, using an interview schedule, and observation technique were adopted to collect the relevant data. Results revealed that most of the respondents were aware about many of the occupational health hazards related to their work and all the respondents were suffering from muscle pain and discomfort because of working in awkward posture for long working hours. Majority (85 %) of the respondents were aware about the regular use of Personal Protective Equipment/Clothing (PPE/PPC) at workplace, but only 33.3 per cent were using apron, 36.7 per cent were using gloves, 26.7 per cent were using face mask and 40 per cent were using head cover at the workplace. Also because of the pain in the lower back of the respondents, many of their routine activities got affected. The present study highlighted the occupational health hazards faced by the workers of small scale food processing units and the causes of health hazards. It will be beneficial for the workers and the employers of food processing units to take preventive measures to avoid or reduce any health risks at the workplace.

scholarly journals The Use of the Development Index in the Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety Conditions - Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Boháč ◽  
Zygmunt Korban
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation

Abstract Both one- and multi-criteria tasks can be distinguished depending on the number of criteria being considered. Illustrated with an example of seven selected underground workplaces, each described by the set of 10 elements, this article discusses the possibilities to use the development index mi for determination of the workplaces which, in the light of the multi-criteria evaluation, are characterised by the worst and most favourable working conditions.

scholarly journals In-between Figure Working in a Precarious Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Solveig Gade
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Performance Theory ◽  
Credit Policy ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
Actual Working ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Ideal

This essay is preoccupied with a notion that is often embraced in theatre and performance theory: that of the dramaturge as a flexible, in-between figure. Taking into consideration, however, the precarious working and living conditions that freelance dramaturgs are typically subjected to as well as the structural parallels between the flexible dramaturg and the ideal of the agile post-Fordist employee, the article sets out to critically investigate the concept of inbetween-ness. Theoretically, the essay draws on theory formations from theatre and performance theory on new dramaturgies as well as theories from political theory and performance theory concerning the precarious working conditions experienced by a majority of cultural workers today. Empirically, the essay builds on two surveys conducted amongst dramaturgs working in the field of Danish theatre and dance with a view to shedding light on their working conditions, particularly with regards to wages and credit policy. The data obtained in the two surveys is analysed and discussed against the background of the two theoretical strands laid out in the first part of the article. In conclusion, the article ventures the claim that if we wish to create sustainable working conditions for dramaturgs, especially those working on a freelance basis, we need to critically address not only their actual working conditions, but also the notions and concepts through which dramaturgs tend to self-identify.

scholarly journals Social reproduction and anemia in infancy

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fujimori ◽  
Luciane Simões Duarte ◽  
Áurea Tamami Minagawa ◽  
Daniela Laurenti ◽  
Rosali Maria Juliano Marcondes Montero
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This study assessed the relationship between anemia in infancy and the social reproduction profile of the families. It was conducted with a representative sample of 254 children of the city of Itupeva, SP. Hemoglobin < 11g/dL, determined by portable hemoglobin analyzer, was used to define anemia. Profiles of social reproduction had been built by 2 groups of indicators: working and living conditions. Three social homogeneous groups had been defined: upper, intermediate, lower. Anemia was prevalent in 41.7%, and more frequent in lower social groups (13.2%; 40.6%; 46.2%), but with no significant difference (p>0.05). However, profile of social reproduction of anemic families showed significant difference (p<0.05). Occurrence of anemia was related to poor working conditions in lower social groups and consequently inappropriate living conditions.

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