Are Women in Female Jobs for Their Health? A Study of Working Conditions and Health Effects in the Fish-Processing Industry in Quebec

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Messing ◽  
Jean-Pierre Reveret
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fatigue Stress ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Health Related

A questionnaire concerning environmental conditions, work organization, and health-related symptoms was administered to 209 male and female workers in fish-processing plants in Quebec. Jobs in these factories were “ghettoized,” with 88.9 percent of job titles held primarily (more than 75 percent) by members of one sex. In general, significantly more women than men reported that their work sites exposed them to environmental aggressors such as noise and cold. Women also reported significantly more often that their jobs were uninteresting, that they could not move around, and that their work speed was fast. Women reported fatigue, stress, insomnia, digestive problems, and aches and pains significantly more often than did men (analysis controlled for age). When the effects of work speed were examined specifically, it was found that a fast work speed was associated with fatigue, stress, insomnia, and digestive problems in both sexes, and with aches and pains in women. It is suggested that women are required to work at a faster speed than men, and that this is a factor in the greater prevalence of health-related symptoms among women. Our interpretation of these data calls into question the commonly held belief that men and women are assigned to sex-specific jobs in order to protect the health of “the weaker sex.”

scholarly journals Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and determination of associated risk factors in female workers in clothing manufacturing workshops of Yazd city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Neshastegar ◽  
Gholamhossein Halvani ◽  
Alireza Choobineh ◽  
Mohammadhossein AhmadiyeYazdi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Yazd City ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Upper limb musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent and undesirable health consequences among workers in clothing industry. To improve working conditions, workplace ergonomic assessment is necessary. This study was conducted among workers of clothing manufacturing workshops to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and to assess ergonomic working conditions to identify major risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms.Methods: One hundred and fifty female workers from clothing manufacturing workshops of Yazd city participated. The Nordic questionnaire and an ergonomics checklist consisting of 6 sections were used as data collection tools. An index was calculated for each section of the checklist. Action categories indicating the priority of corrective measures were also defined. Data analysis was performed using the ANOVA and ROC curve tests by SPSS software (version 17).Results: The results showed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the upper limbs among the study population. In this study, a significant association was found between the calculated ergonomics index and MSDs in different body regions (p<0.05). The mean of this index among the workers who reported symptoms was less than those of the other group indicating undesirable ergonomic conditions. In addition, 68.7% of the workers were categorized in the first priority of intervention (requiring ergonomic intervention as soon as possible).Conclusion: The prevalence of MSDs was high among the workers of clothing workshops. The developed checklist was considered as an appropriate and low cost tool for ergonomic evaluation of sewing workshops. The results also indicated that most ergonomic problems in these workshops originate from inappropriate general working conditions, work organization, manual material handling, hand tools, workstation and working post

scholarly journals HOW AN ENGLISH BOOK ILLUSTRATES GENDER ROLE IN THIS ERA: A CRITICAL REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni Floriasti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Material ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Share Information

Language is a tool to express feeling, idea, and share information. Language reflections  the speakers who have many things in common such as tradition, background, values and customs, then they have their own culture in communication among them.  Thus, it can be said that they have their own standard for leveling the social class, sexual orientation, language home, and gender roles in the society. Since language is a part of culture so  learners need to be aware of values in the society. For instance, learners, speakers of the language itself  or whoever interest  to  the language need to see the roles of male and female in the professional   and daily life which has been shifted from unpopular profession for female workers to favored career.  It cannot be ignored that in the  dreality, several English guidebooks for students still contain unresponsive gender pictures as media to introduce English material.  Women are profiled as nurses, housekeepers, nannies, and other unpopular positions while man  are figured as directors, CEO, pilots, doctors, and other most-wanted careers. In fact, the roles of women and men have been shifted and they have  equal   position now in professional life. This situation turned teachers and lecturers to be more creative in designing innovative material. Thus, teachers need to integrate not only such important points as good English material but also knowledge of gender into students’ materials. Therefore, learners and the society get and apply the knowledge and start appreciating each other, both men and women.

scholarly journals Gender and urban - rural pay gap in Mekong Delta

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Mai Quang Hop ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Liem ◽  
Tran Thi Tuan Anh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wage Differential ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Urban Rural

This study analyzes the wage differential of male and female workers, and labor in urban and rural areas in the Mekong Delta provinces using the VHLSS 2014 data. The results of the decomposition of the wage disparity between men and women show unexplained difference has the major contribution in the wage gap between men and women, in particular the differences in the returns to academic and professional degrees for male and female workers. Meanwhile, the explained difference has lower explanatory power, suggesting that most of attributes of male and female labor do not significantly differ. The results of the decomposition of urban-rural wage differential show the opposite: the difference is mainly due to the fact that urban workers are more educated than rural labor, while the unexplained difference has lower explanatory power. Based on these results, the paper proposes a number of recommendations to reduce the income gap in the Mekong Delta.

Questions Related to a Research Intervention Carried out with Female and Male Public School Workers

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Jussara Brito ◽  
Mary Yale Neves ◽  
Milton Athayde
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School System ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Job Requirements ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Research Professionals

This article presents a health intervention-research project done with workers in Brazilian public schools. Health, as we understand it, is linked both to the way in which we live and to our capacity to change that way of life. We emphasize the critical importance of initiating dialogue between research professionals and workers (co-investigators) in order to understand and transform work situations. We highlight the effects of debates about gender relations that led to work transformations. Such debates made it easier for workers and researchers to understand that men and women experience job requirements differently. We found that some staff favored reproduction of a sexually differentiated school system. These debates also allowed male and female workers to make their family members aware of difficulties in their work, unknown to society in general. We considered how to expand this research process, including examples of how the work was transformed.

scholarly journals An Exploration of Gender Based Differences in Workplace Values

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fapohunda, Tinuke. M
Keyword(s):  
Career Advancement ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Workplace Values ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Basic Ideas

Possible gender differences in the workplace are always a hot topic because they might explain why men continue to dominate in the jobs arena, despite the significant headway being made by women. Recent data indicate that males and females have somewhat differing priorities in their jobs but share basic ideas of what they think is important. Some research has shown that a supposed values gap between male and female workers does not explain away why men continue to enjoy greater career advancement than women. Social scientists have also theorized that work environments can embody both "male" and "female" characteristics, which may impact job satisfaction. Taking steps to better understand worker’s values can bring about important advantage in developing workable and well-supported policies. Understanding what men and women value in a job is important to designing effective approaches to human resource management and in skill development initiatives.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural semantic equivalence of some gender-related words

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Lazović
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Semantic Change ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Job Titles ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores similarities and differences between two cultures, English and Serbian, in terms of connotative equivalence of some gender-related words. In both languages there exist myriad pairs of words that historically differentiated male and female gender only, but which, over time, have unexplainably gained different connotations. Usually the semantic change can be seen in words describing women; words which once used to be neutral or positive have acquired negative and/or sexual connotations. The well-known example of bachelor and spinster (neženja and usedelica in Serbian) is just one among many. Based on the male/female pairs of words analysed in these two languages, the paper examines the following: (1) whether it is possible that in both cultures such words (un)intentionally carry the same derogatory and pejorative meanings, (2) whether semantic derogation equally applies to male and female words, and (3) whether and how often the connotation changes to negative when words refer to women. Finally, it addresses the issue of potential semantic derogation when using different job titles for men and women in both languages.

scholarly journals Forgotten Contributors in the Brick Sector in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6479
Author(s):  
Sugat B. Bajracharya ◽  
Kamala Gurung ◽  
Luja Mathema ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Arabinda Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

Brick making in Nepal is an informal sector that is still highly labor intensive. It employs transient workers who are extremely marginalized and exposed to poor working and living conditions. This study assesses the working and living conditions of male and female brick workers and their children and looks to address the main issues and challenges to promote decent living and working conditions in the brick factories through action research. A rapid needs assessment was conducted to take stock of the working and living conditions of male and female workers across five provinces in Nepal. Subsequently, selected pilot interventions through stakeholder consultations were initiated to address these issues and challenges. There are a host of challenges faced by these workers in the factories, with the main issues being occupational health and safety and childcare/education for workers’ children. The study suggests that the working and living conditions of the workers can be improved by incentivizing the brick entrepreneurs to invest in them, thus creating a more productive workforce. Moreover, the findings from the pilot interventions can help in the design of effective solutions.

scholarly journals Treatment of fish processing industry wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitational reactor with biodegradability improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2310-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Dhanke ◽  
Sameer Wagh ◽  
Abhijeet Patil
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cavitation Effect ◽  
Processing Plants

Abstract Water generated from the fish processing industry is contaminated with organic matter. This organic matter present in wastewater increases the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). A new technology, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is used to deal with this wastewater produced in fish processing plants. The orifice plate is used in the HC reactor to generate a cavitation effect. The intensification of this technique was carried out with the help of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and TiO2. The treatment of this wastewater is reported in terms of percent degradation in BOD and COD and in biodegradability index (BI). Operating parameters like inlet pressure, pH, operating temperature and H2O2 doses were used to find the optimum condition. 15 g/L of H2O2 gave 69.5% reduction of COD in the 120 min of treatment that also increases BI value to 0.93 at inlet pressure 8 bar, Plate-5, temperature (30 °C), and pH 4. In the ultrasonic cavitation (UC) reactor, COD reduction is 68.7% without TiO2 and with TiO2 it is 71.2%. Also, this HC and UC reactor reduced CFU count to a great extent at the same operating conditions.

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