Scoping Review: Suicide Specific Intervention Programmes for People Experiencing Homelessness

Background: The homeless population are among the most vulnerable groups to experience suicide ideation and behavior. Several studies have shown that people who are homeless experience more significant suicidal ideation and behavior than the general population. However, there is limited information about what suicide interventions exist, to what extent they are grounded in robust research, and which intervention components effectively reduce suicidal ideation and behavior in the homeless community. This research aimed to characterise the current evidence base in the area of suicide prevention for homeless individuals. Methods: A scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework was conducted and a narrative synthesis was performed. Pubmed, EMBASE, PsychInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Open Grey, and Bielefeld Academic Search Engine were searched up to 8 May 2020. Results: A total of 3209 records were identified through database and grey literature searching. Four studies were included. Key outcomes identify suicide intervention prevention programmes; similarities and differences across interventions, and examples of staff training. A quality review of the studies was completed. Conclusion: A stark gap in the evidence of suicide specific prevention interventions targeted at homeless populations.

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Cranial nerve non-invasive neuromodulation in adults with neurological conditions: a scoping review protocol (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.29965 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Keaton Boughen ◽

Tyler Neil ◽

Ahmed Bilgasem ◽

Kevin Lutowicz ◽

Shayan Dullemond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Cranial Nerve ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Neurological Rehabilitation ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Current Evidence Base ◽

Neurological Conditions

BACKGROUND Cranial nerve non-invasive neuromodulation (CN-NINM) via translingual nerve stimulation (TLNS) is a promising new intervention combined with neurological rehabilitation to improve outcomes for persons with neurological conditions. A portable neuromodulation stimulation (PoNSTM) device rests on the tongue stimulating cranial nerves V and VII (trigeminal and facial nerves). Emerging evidence suggests that CN-NINM using the PoNSTM device combined with targeted physical therapy (PT) improves balance and gait outcomes but has not yet been comprehensively reviewed. OBJECTIVE This review will describe cranial nerve non-invasive neuromodulation (CN-NINM) via translingual nerve stimulation (TLNS), its use, effects and implications for rehabilitation science in adult neurological populations. We will identify how CN-NINM via TLNS is currently being incorporated into neurological rehabilitation and identify gaps in the evidence with respect to this novel technology. METHODS Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology will be used to conduct this scoping review. Electronic databases MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science will be searched as well as grey literature databases ProQuest, DuckDuckGo and Google. Studies published in English and French between 2000-present will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen all titles and abstracts and full-text studies that meet inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and collated in a table to synthesize results. Extracted data will be reported in a comprehensive summary. RESULTS The final manuscript is planned for submission to an indexed journal in September 2021. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will be the first review to address the current evidence base on CN-NINM. The results will inform the use of CN-NINM in neurological rehabilitation and the development of recommendations for future research. CLINICALTRIAL Open Science Framework (DOI): 10.17605/OSF.IO/XZQFM

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Characterising the evidence base for advanced clinical practice in the UK: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e036192 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Catrin Evans ◽

Brenda Poku ◽

Ruth Pearce ◽

Jeanette Eldridge ◽

Paul Hendrick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Workforce ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Multiprofessional Team ◽

Wide Range ◽

Current Evidence Base ◽

The Uk

IntroductionA global health workforce crisis, coupled with ageing populations, wars and the rise of non-communicable diseases is prompting all countries to consider the optimal skill mix within their health workforce. The development of advanced clinical practice (ACP) roles for existing non-medical cadres is one potential strategy that is being pursued. In the UK, National Health Service (NHS) workforce transformation programmes are actively promoting the development of ACP roles across a wide range of non-medical professions. These efforts are currently hampered by a high level of variation in ACP role development, deployment, nomenclature, definition, governance and educational preparation across the professions and across different settings. This scoping review aims to support a more consistent approach to workforce development in the UK, by identifying and mapping the current evidence base underpinning multiprofessional advanced level practice in the UK from a workforce, clinical, service and patient perspective.Methods and analysisThis scoping review is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/tzpe5). The review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and involves a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional team, including a public representative. A wide range of electronic databases and grey literature sources will be searched from 2005 to the present. The review will include primary data from any relevant research, audit or evaluation studies. All review steps will involve two or more reviewers. Data extraction, charting and summary will be guided by a template derived from an established framework used internationally to evaluate ACP (the Participatory Evidence-Informed Patient-Centred Process-Plus framework).DisseminationThe review will produce important new information on existing activity, outcomes, implementation challenges and key areas for future research around ACP in the UK, which, in the context of global workforce transformations, will be of international, as well as local, significance. The findings will be disseminated through professional and NHS bodies, employer organisations, conferences and research papers.

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Dysphagia Therapy in Adults with a Tracheostomy: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-593909/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Waiza Kadri ◽

Rhiannon Halfpenny ◽

Breege Whiten ◽

Christina Smith ◽

Siofra Mulkerrin

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Limited Information ◽

Best Practice Guidelines ◽

Dysphagia Therapy

Abstract Background Swallowing impairment (dysphagia) and tracheostomy coexist. Research in this area has often provided an overview of dysphagia management as a whole, but there is limited information pertaining to specific dysphagia therapy in the tracheostomy population. The aim of this scoping review is to provide detailed exploration of the literature with regards to dysphagia therapeutic interventions in adults with a tracheostomy. The scoping review will describe current evidence and thus facilitate future discussions to guide clinical practice.Methods A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guideline will be used. Ten electronic databases from inception to July 2021and grey literature will be searched. From identified texts forward and backward citation chasing will be completed. Data extraction will compose of population demographics, aetiology and dysphagia therapy (type, design, dose and intensity). Number of citations and papers included into the scoping review will be presented visually.Discussion The scoping review aims to expand upon the existing literature in this field. A detailed description of the evidence is required to facilitate clinical discussions and develop therapeutic protocols in a tracheostomised population. The results of this scoping review will support future research in dysphagia therapy and provide the basis for development of best practice guidelines.

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Transition from child-centred to adult-oriented healthcare systems for young people with neurodisability: a scoping review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13095.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Jennifer Fortune ◽

Paul Murphy ◽

Nabil Merchant ◽

Claire Kerr ◽

Thilo Kroll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Transitional Care ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Healthcare Systems ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Adult Health ◽

Current Evidence Base

Background: The transition from child-centred to adult-oriented healthcare is a challenging time for young people with neurodisability. As the prevalence of neurodisability increases, greater numbers of young people will eventually transfer to the adult healthcare system. While there is a growing recognition of the importance of providing quality, transitional care, little is known about how to manage and optimise this process for young people with neurodisability. The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map existing literature related to the transition from child-centred to adult-oriented healthcare systems for young people with neurodisability. Methods: Systematic literature searches of OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science will be conducted from inception to present. A structured iterative search of grey literature will be conducted. This review will consider all study designs examining the transition from child to adult health services in neurodisability. Two reviewers will independently screen each retrieved title and abstract and assess full-text articles against the inclusion criteria to determine eligibility. Data will be extracted and synthesised quantitatively and qualitatively. The process and reporting will follow PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Conclusion: This review will provide a broad and systematically mapped synthesis of the extent and nature of the available published and unpublished literature on transition from child-centred to adult-oriented healthcare systems in neurodisability. The results will be used to determine gaps in the current evidence base in order to prioritise areas for future research.

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Dysphagia Therapy in Adults with a Tracheostomy: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-593909/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Waiza Kadri ◽

Rhiannon Halfpenny ◽

Breege Whiten ◽

Christina Smith ◽

Siofra Mulkerrin

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Limited Information ◽

Dysphagia Therapy ◽

Practice Methods

Abstract Background Swallowing impairment (dysphagia) and tracheostomy coexist. Research in this area has often provided an overview of dysphagia management as a whole, but there is limited information pertaining to specific dysphagia therapy in the tracheostomy population. The aim of this scoping review is to provide detailed exploration of the literature with regards to dysphagia therapeutic interventions in adults with a tracheostomy. The scoping review will describe current evidence and thus facilitate future discussions to guide clinical practice. Methods A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guideline will be used. Ten electronic databases from inception to July 2021and grey literature will be searched. From identified texts forward and backward citation chasing will be completed. Data extraction will compose of population demographics, aetiology and dysphagia therapy (type, design, dose and intensity). Number of citations and papers included into the scoping review will be presented visually. Discussion The scoping review aims to expand upon the existing literature in this field. A detailed description of the evidence is required to facilitate clinical discussions and develop therapeutic protocols in a tracheostomised population. The results of this scoping review will support future research in dysphagia therapy and provide the basis for development of best practice guidelines.

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Accelerated induction regimens of TNF-alpha inhibitors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019909 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e019909

Author(s):

Amy Johnston ◽

Sabrina Natarajan ◽

Meghan Hayes ◽

Erika MacDonald ◽

Risa Shorr

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Scientific Conference ◽

Induction Dose ◽

Current Evidence Base ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

IntroductionTumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors are commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In patients with IBD who are unresponsive to their first induction dose, the implementation of an ‘accelerated’ induction dose schedule (doses more frequent than recommended in product monographs) is becoming increasingly common. It is unclear whether this practice results in favourable patient outcomes, such as avoidance of surgery and disease remission. As such, there is a need to identify and map the current evidence base on accelerated induction schedules of these medications in the treatment of IBD.Methods and analysisA scoping review will be employed to systematically identify and characterise the nature of scientific literature on accelerated induction regimens of TNF-alpha inhibitors. MEDLINE, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and grey literature will be searched to identify relevant studies. The titles/abstracts of all records and full text of potentially relevant articles will be independently screened for inclusion by two reviewers. Data will be abstracted from included studies by one reviewer and verified for accuracy by another. The findings will be synthesised descriptively.Ethics and disseminationWe intend to report the findings of this scoping review in a peer-reviewed journal and a scientific conference.Trial registrationThis research was registered prospectively with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/z7n2d/).

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Intersectoral approaches and integrated services in achieving the right to health for refugees upon resettlement: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016638 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. e016638 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dena Javadi ◽

Etienne V Langlois ◽

Shirley Ho ◽

Peter Friberg ◽

Göran Tomson

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Open Science ◽

Right To Health ◽

Refugee Health ◽

International Standards ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

The Right

IntroductionGlobal insecurity and climate change are exacerbating the need for improved management of refugee resettlement services. International standards hold states responsible for the protection of the right of non-citizens to an adequate standard of physical and mental health while recognising the importance of social determinants of health. However, programmes to protect refugees’ right to health often lack coordination and monitoring. This paper describes the protocol for a scoping review to explore barriers and facilitators to the integration of health services for refugees; the content, process and actors involved in protecting refugee health; and the extent to which intersectoral approaches are leveraged to protect refugees’ right to health on resettlement, especially for vulnerable groups such as women and children.Methods and analysisPeer-reviewed (through four databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Global Health and PsycINFO) and grey literature were searched to identify programmes and interventions designed to promote refugee health in receiving countries. Two reviewers will screen articles and abstract data. Two frameworks for integration and intersectoral action will be applied to understand how and why certain approaches work while others do not and to identify the actors involved in achieving success at different levels of integration as defined by these frameworks.Ethics and disseminationFindings from the scoping review will be shared in relevant conferences and meetings. A brief will be created with lessons learnt from successful programmes to inform decision making in design of refugee programmes and services. Ethical approval is not required as human subjects are not involved.Trial registration numberRegistered on Open Science Framework athttps://osf.io/gt9ck/.

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Evidence-informed interventions and best practices for supporting women experiencing or at risk of homelessness: a scoping review with gender and equity analysis

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada ◽

10.24095/hpcdp.41.1.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Anne Andermann ◽

Sebastian Mott ◽

Christine M. Mathew ◽

Claire Kendall ◽

Oreen Mendonca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Best Practices ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Randomized Trials ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Exposure To Violence ◽

Well Being ◽

Homeless Population ◽

Equity Analysis

Introduction While much of the literature on homelessness is centred on the experience of men, women make up over one-quarter of Canada’s homeless population. Research has shown that women experiencing homelessness are often hidden (i.e. provisionally housed) and have different pathways into homelessness and different needs as compared to men. The objective of this research is to identify evidence-based interventions and best practices to better support women experiencing or at risk of homelessness. Methods We conducted a scoping review with a gender and equity analysis. This involved searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and other databases for systematic reviews and randomized trials, supplementing our search through reference scanning and grey literature, followed by a qualitative synthesis of the evidence that examined gender and equity considerations. Results Of the 4102 articles identified on homelessness interventions, only 4 systematic reviews and 9 randomized trials were exclusively conducted on women or published disaggregated data enabling a gender analysis. Interventions with the strongest evidence included post-shelter advocacy counselling for women experiencing homelessness due to intimate partner violence, as well as case management and permanent housing subsidies (e.g. tenant-based rental assistance vouchers), which were shown to reduce homelessness, food insecurity, exposure to violence and psychosocial distress, as well as promote school stability and child well-being. Conclusion Much of the evidence on interventions to better support women experiencing homelessness focusses on those accessing domestic violence or family shelters. Since many more women are experiencing or at risk of hidden homelessness, population-based strategies are also needed to reduce gender inequity and exposure to violence, which are among the main structural drivers of homelessness among women.

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Designing and using incentives to support recruitment and retention in clinical trials: a scoping review and a checklist for design

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-019-3710-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beth Parkinson ◽

Rachel Meacock ◽

Matt Sutton ◽

Eleonora Fichera ◽

Nicola Mills ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Pay For Performance ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Unintended Consequences ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Incentive System ◽

Design Issues ◽

Recruitment And Retention ◽

Design Choice ◽

Current Evidence Base

Abstract Background Recruitment and retention of participants are both critical for the success of trials, yet both remain significant problems. The use of incentives to target participants and trial staff has been proposed as one solution. The effects of incentives are complex and depend upon how they are designed, but these complexities are often overlooked. In this paper, we used a scoping review to ‘map’ the literature, with two aims: to develop a checklist on the design and use of incentives to support recruitment and retention in trials; and to identify key research topics for the future. Methods The scoping review drew on the existing economic theory of incentives and a structured review of the literature on the use of incentives in three healthcare settings: trials, pay for performance, and health behaviour change. We identified the design issues that need to be considered when introducing an incentive scheme to improve recruitment and retention in trials. We then reviewed both the theoretical and empirical evidence relating to each of these design issues. We synthesised the findings into a checklist to guide the design of interventions using incentives. Results The issues to consider when designing an incentive system were summarised into an eight-question checklist. The checklist covers: the current incentives and barriers operating in the system; who the incentive should be directed towards; what the incentive should be linked to; the form of incentive; the incentive size; the structure of the incentive system; the timing and frequency of incentive payouts; and the potential unintended consequences. We concluded the section on each design aspect by highlighting the gaps in the current evidence base. Conclusions Our findings highlight how complex the design of incentive systems can be, and how crucial each design choice is to overall effectiveness. The most appropriate design choice will differ according to context, and we have aimed to provide context-specific advice. Whilst all design issues warrant further research, evidence is most needed on incentives directed at recruiters, optimal incentive size, and testing of different incentive structures, particularly exploring repeat arrangements with recruiters.

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Factors in the Assessment of Suicidality in Youth

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900020678 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 156-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Kelly Posner ◽

Glenn A. Melvin ◽

Barbara Stanley ◽

Maria A. Oquendo ◽

Madelyn Gould

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Young People ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Youth Suicide ◽

Standardized Terminology ◽

And Behavior ◽

Clinical Populations

ABSTRACTSuicide remains a leading cause of death among youth, and suicide ideation and behavior are relatively common in both normal and clinical populations. Clinicians working with young people must assess for the presence of suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, and other risk factors, in order to determine the level of risk. This paper provides the clinician with a summary of risk factors for youth suicide, as well as providing standardized terminology to enhance assessment of suicidal ideation and behavior.

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